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NCR trio in top 5 polluted cities

NCR trio in top 5 polluted cities

Time of India11-07-2025
Gurgaon: It took just 19 days this year for air pollution levels in Gurgaon to overshoot the limit considered safe by the World Health Organization (WHO).
A study of air quality data by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) found that Jan 19, 2025, was Gurgaon's 'overshoot day'.
By then, particulate matter 2.5 concentration was already so high that, even if levels were to drastically reduce to zero for the rest of the year, the city would still fail to meet WHO's annual limit.
The analysis also ranked the city as the fifth most polluted Indian city in the first half of 2025, with an average concentration of PM2.5 at 75 µg/m³, 15 times higher than WHO's maximum permissible limit (5µg/m³).
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"Gurgaon's consistent ranking among the top 10 most polluted cities, even during non-winter months, highlights the persistence of poor air quality.
The upcoming NCAP revision must add Gurgaon as a priority city to tackle its pollution sources year-round," Manoj Kumar, an analyst at CREA, said on Friday.
Kumar was referring to another CREA finding that Gurgaon was among the 10 most polluted cities in India in Feb, March, April and May this year.
NCAP, or the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), is an initiative launched by the Union environment ministry in 2019 to tackle air pollution across India.
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'Non-attainment' cities under NCAP are those that consistently fail to meet national air quality standards. Under the programme, these cities are given targets to reduce PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations by 40% (compared to 2017 levels) by 2026.
The CREA report, released on Friday, draws on PM2.5 data from Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (CAAQMS) across 293 Indian cities to give a mid-year snapshot of air pollution trends.
PM2.5 – particles that are 2.5 microns in diameter, one-thirtieth the width of a strand of human hair – can penetrate deep into the lungs and enter bloodstream if inhaled. Long exposure can worsen and trigger cardiac and respiratory ailments.
Further, the report concluded that other Indian cities did not fare any better.
By June 29 this year, 259 out of 293 cities – including Delhi (87 µg/m³) and Ghaziabad (78 µg/m³) — had reached their 'overshoot day'.
Even if the less stringent limits in India were considered for annual PM2.5 levels, 122 out of the 293 cities, or 41%, breached National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 40µg/m³ by the end of June.
The remaining 117 cities were compliant with India's norms, though none met WHO's standards.
"This widespread exceedance of both national and global air quality standards points to a persistent and systemic challenge in India's fight against air pollution," the report said, adding that even in cities considered "compliant" under Indian norms, the exposure levels remain significantly harmful to human health.
"We are aware of the elevated PM2.5 levels in cities like Gurgaon and are continuously working with local bodies to implement mitigation measures," an official of the Haryana State Pollution Control Board (HSPCB) said.
Experts pointed out that most of Haryana's air quality monitoring stations have been offline since Dec 2024, and it is likely that pollution levels logged in Gurgaon may be under-estimated because of it.
Shubhansh Tiwari, a research associate at the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), said, "The fact that cities are breaching the WHO threshold so early in the year highlights how ineffective our pollution control strategies have been. The overshoot day metric shows that the problem is systemic. We need a far more aggressive and coordinated approach if we are serious about protecting public health."
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