
Andrew Miller: Anti-vaxxers need an injection of common sense
The teachers were already hoarse from shouting, coping the best they could with a gaggle of kids even more excitable than usual.
'Make a line and be quiet, knuckleheads!' growled Mr Woods.
We were a squirming, '70s vaccination line, until scrawny Sean's turn. He staggered forward, put both arms behind his back and promptly threw up on the nurse and her trolley of medical paraphernalia. The class fell quiet at last — a pause before the deafening cheers.
Public health is rarely glamorous. As with seatbelts, pool fences and speed limits, when your job is to prevent something happening, the credit is only theoretical. The most exciting outcome is a downward trend on a graph.
This gives rise to survivor bias, which leads to people removing effective safety measures — precisely because they are working.
Begrudgingly I went for blood tests the other day to prove my immunity, for the hospital administration. They wanted to see my vaccination card from the day Sean threw up, but Mum had filed it under 'not my problem' decades ago.
As a nurse expertly drew my blood, I thought of Edward Jenner — not Kim Kardashian's uncle, but the 18th-century physician.
A thoughtful scientist, Jenner heard that milk maids who contracted cowpox did not suffer from the similar, but far more severe disease of smallpox. He grabbed a school kid, infected them with cowpox, then later smallpox — ah the good old days — and voila, the kid was fine.
Jenner had invented vaccination, and just like that — anti-vaxxers.
With every medicine, there can be side effects and problems, but his initiative has saved more humans from death and disability than any other medical intervention, by a long shot.
There are 27 main vaccines available for preventable diseases in Australia and together they form one pillar of our good fortune. Our children rarely die early, and some cancers — such as cervical — are in rapid decline.
We are getting through COVID-19 so far with much better outcomes than the rest of world, because we delayed infection until after vaccination.
It is dark news indeed that Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jnr has replaced the world-recognised experts of the US Advisory Committee for Immunisation Practices with an oddball assortment including anti-vaxxers and public health sceptics.
Among them, Professor Martin Kulldorff, co-author of the infamous 'let-it-rip and see who survives' Great Barrington Declaration plan for COVID-19.
Also, Vicky Pebsworth, a nurse who asserts that much of the chronic disease burden in the US was caused by vaccination.
Then there is Dr Robert Malone, who weighed in on the April measles death of unvaccinated eight-year-old Texan Daisy Hildebrand, minimising the danger of the virus and spreading debunked claims about the MMR vaccine. Malone claims that it was botched treatment, not measles, that led to her death.
The problem for Australia is that vaccine hesitancy is contagious online, and it's easier to not get a jab than to bother. Normal people are busy and just want the best for their kids. Our slothful governments are not investing enough money, ingenuity and passion in public health promotion.
To maintain herd immunity, where those few who cannot be vaccinated are protected because almost everyone else is, we need coverage of over 95 per cent of the population with MMR vaccine.
Our fortunate population has little experience of children dying from infectious diseases, so can be prompted to wonder if vaccines are strictly necessary, or worse, if they might be causing more harm than good.
With well-resourced misinformation it would not be hard to give measles the comeback nobody needs.
Jenner might have dared dream that 200 years after his invention we could have eliminated most plagues. Unfortunately, that would have accorded too much wisdom to our species.
Yet may we hope, as there are many countries like ours watching on in horror as the US sabotages its own future.
Let their misfortune be no wasted lesson for us.
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The Advertiser
3 hours ago
- The Advertiser
RFK jnr is stoking fears about vaccines. He's wrong
The United States used to be a leader in vaccine research, development and policymaking. Now US Secretary of Health Robert F. Kennedy jnr is undermining the country's vaccine program at the highest level and supercharging vaccine skepticism. Two weeks ago, RFK jnr sacked the entire Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices responsible for reviewing the latest scientific evidence on vaccines. RFK Jr alleged conflicts of interest and hand-picked a replacement panel. On Wednesday, RFK jnr announced the US would stop funding the global vaccine alliance, Gavi, because he claimed that "when the science was inconvenient today, Gavi ignored the science". RFK jnr questioned the safety of COVID vaccines for pregnant women, as well as the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine. On Thursday, when the new Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices met, the person who first drew RFK jnr into vaccine scepticism, Lyn Redwood, shared disproved claims about a chemical called thimerosal in flu vaccines being harmful. The undermining of regulation, advisory processes and funding changes will have global impacts, as debunked claims are given new levels of apparent legitimacy. Some of these impacts will be slow and insidious. So what should we make of these latest claims and funding cuts? Thiomersal (thimerosal in the the US) is a safe and effective preservative that prevents bacterial and fungal contamination of the vaccine contained in a multi-dose vial. It's a salt that contains a tiny amount of mercury in a safe form. Thiomersal is no longer used as a preservative in any vaccines routinely given in Australia. But it's still used in the Q fever vaccine. Other countries use multi-dose vials with thiomersal when single-dose vials are too expensive. In the US, just 4 per cent of adult influenza vaccines contain thiomersal. So focusing on removing vaccines containing thimerosal is a distraction for the committee. On Wednesday, RFK jnr criticised Gavi's encouragement of pregnant women to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A COVID-19 infection before and during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage two- to four-fold, even if it's only a mild infection. Conversely, there is good evidence vaccination during pregnancy is safe and can reduce the chance of hospitalisation of pregnant people and of infants by passing antibodies through the placenta. In Australia, pregnant people who have never received a primary COVID-19 vaccine are recommended to have one. However, they are not generally recommended to have booster unless they have underlying risk conditions or prefer to have one. This is due to population immunity. COVID-19 vaccine advice should adapt to changes in disease risk and vaccine benefit. It doesn't mean previous decisions were wrong, nor that vaccine boosters are unsafe. RFK jnr's criticism of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy may influence choices individuals make in other countries, even when unvaccinated pregnant women are encouraged to consider vaccination. RFK jnr also questioned the safety of the combined diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) vaccine as he announced the withdrawal of US funding support for Gavi. In the early 2000s, three community-based observational studies reported a possible association between increased chance of death in infants and use of the DTP vaccine. A few subsequent studies also reported associations, with higher risk in girls, prompting a World Health Organisation (WHO) review of safety. Real-world studies are complicated, and the data can be difficult to interpret correctly. Often, the very factors that influence whether someone gets vaccinated can also be associated with other health risks. When the WHO committee reviewed all the studies on DTP safety in 2014, it did not indicate serious adverse events. It concluded there was substantial evidence against these claims. Gavi, the vaccine alliance, supports vaccine purchasing in low-income countries. The US has historically accounted for 13 per cent of all donor funds. However, RFK jnr said Gavi needed to re-earn the public trust and "consider the best science available" before the US would contribute funding again. Gavi predicted in March that the impact of US funding cuts could result in one million deaths through missed vaccines. Australia is fortunate to be buffered from these impacts. Our vaccine advisory body, the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation, has people with deep expertise in vaccination. We have robust decision processes that weigh evidence critically and make careful recommendations to government. The federal government also announced A$386 million to support the work of Gavi from 2026 to 2030. All of this keeps our vaccine policies strong, preventing disease and increasing life expectancy here and overseas. But to mitigate the possible influence of the US in Australia, our governments, health professionals and the public need to be ready to rapidly tackle the misinformation, distortions and half-truths RFK jnr cleverly packages - with quality information. The United States used to be a leader in vaccine research, development and policymaking. Now US Secretary of Health Robert F. Kennedy jnr is undermining the country's vaccine program at the highest level and supercharging vaccine skepticism. Two weeks ago, RFK jnr sacked the entire Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices responsible for reviewing the latest scientific evidence on vaccines. RFK Jr alleged conflicts of interest and hand-picked a replacement panel. On Wednesday, RFK jnr announced the US would stop funding the global vaccine alliance, Gavi, because he claimed that "when the science was inconvenient today, Gavi ignored the science". RFK jnr questioned the safety of COVID vaccines for pregnant women, as well as the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine. On Thursday, when the new Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices met, the person who first drew RFK jnr into vaccine scepticism, Lyn Redwood, shared disproved claims about a chemical called thimerosal in flu vaccines being harmful. The undermining of regulation, advisory processes and funding changes will have global impacts, as debunked claims are given new levels of apparent legitimacy. Some of these impacts will be slow and insidious. So what should we make of these latest claims and funding cuts? Thiomersal (thimerosal in the the US) is a safe and effective preservative that prevents bacterial and fungal contamination of the vaccine contained in a multi-dose vial. It's a salt that contains a tiny amount of mercury in a safe form. Thiomersal is no longer used as a preservative in any vaccines routinely given in Australia. But it's still used in the Q fever vaccine. Other countries use multi-dose vials with thiomersal when single-dose vials are too expensive. In the US, just 4 per cent of adult influenza vaccines contain thiomersal. So focusing on removing vaccines containing thimerosal is a distraction for the committee. On Wednesday, RFK jnr criticised Gavi's encouragement of pregnant women to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A COVID-19 infection before and during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage two- to four-fold, even if it's only a mild infection. Conversely, there is good evidence vaccination during pregnancy is safe and can reduce the chance of hospitalisation of pregnant people and of infants by passing antibodies through the placenta. In Australia, pregnant people who have never received a primary COVID-19 vaccine are recommended to have one. However, they are not generally recommended to have booster unless they have underlying risk conditions or prefer to have one. This is due to population immunity. COVID-19 vaccine advice should adapt to changes in disease risk and vaccine benefit. It doesn't mean previous decisions were wrong, nor that vaccine boosters are unsafe. RFK jnr's criticism of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy may influence choices individuals make in other countries, even when unvaccinated pregnant women are encouraged to consider vaccination. RFK jnr also questioned the safety of the combined diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) vaccine as he announced the withdrawal of US funding support for Gavi. In the early 2000s, three community-based observational studies reported a possible association between increased chance of death in infants and use of the DTP vaccine. A few subsequent studies also reported associations, with higher risk in girls, prompting a World Health Organisation (WHO) review of safety. Real-world studies are complicated, and the data can be difficult to interpret correctly. Often, the very factors that influence whether someone gets vaccinated can also be associated with other health risks. When the WHO committee reviewed all the studies on DTP safety in 2014, it did not indicate serious adverse events. It concluded there was substantial evidence against these claims. Gavi, the vaccine alliance, supports vaccine purchasing in low-income countries. The US has historically accounted for 13 per cent of all donor funds. However, RFK jnr said Gavi needed to re-earn the public trust and "consider the best science available" before the US would contribute funding again. Gavi predicted in March that the impact of US funding cuts could result in one million deaths through missed vaccines. Australia is fortunate to be buffered from these impacts. Our vaccine advisory body, the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation, has people with deep expertise in vaccination. We have robust decision processes that weigh evidence critically and make careful recommendations to government. The federal government also announced A$386 million to support the work of Gavi from 2026 to 2030. All of this keeps our vaccine policies strong, preventing disease and increasing life expectancy here and overseas. But to mitigate the possible influence of the US in Australia, our governments, health professionals and the public need to be ready to rapidly tackle the misinformation, distortions and half-truths RFK jnr cleverly packages - with quality information. The United States used to be a leader in vaccine research, development and policymaking. Now US Secretary of Health Robert F. Kennedy jnr is undermining the country's vaccine program at the highest level and supercharging vaccine skepticism. Two weeks ago, RFK jnr sacked the entire Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices responsible for reviewing the latest scientific evidence on vaccines. RFK Jr alleged conflicts of interest and hand-picked a replacement panel. On Wednesday, RFK jnr announced the US would stop funding the global vaccine alliance, Gavi, because he claimed that "when the science was inconvenient today, Gavi ignored the science". RFK jnr questioned the safety of COVID vaccines for pregnant women, as well as the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine. On Thursday, when the new Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices met, the person who first drew RFK jnr into vaccine scepticism, Lyn Redwood, shared disproved claims about a chemical called thimerosal in flu vaccines being harmful. The undermining of regulation, advisory processes and funding changes will have global impacts, as debunked claims are given new levels of apparent legitimacy. Some of these impacts will be slow and insidious. So what should we make of these latest claims and funding cuts? Thiomersal (thimerosal in the the US) is a safe and effective preservative that prevents bacterial and fungal contamination of the vaccine contained in a multi-dose vial. It's a salt that contains a tiny amount of mercury in a safe form. Thiomersal is no longer used as a preservative in any vaccines routinely given in Australia. But it's still used in the Q fever vaccine. Other countries use multi-dose vials with thiomersal when single-dose vials are too expensive. In the US, just 4 per cent of adult influenza vaccines contain thiomersal. So focusing on removing vaccines containing thimerosal is a distraction for the committee. On Wednesday, RFK jnr criticised Gavi's encouragement of pregnant women to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A COVID-19 infection before and during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage two- to four-fold, even if it's only a mild infection. Conversely, there is good evidence vaccination during pregnancy is safe and can reduce the chance of hospitalisation of pregnant people and of infants by passing antibodies through the placenta. In Australia, pregnant people who have never received a primary COVID-19 vaccine are recommended to have one. However, they are not generally recommended to have booster unless they have underlying risk conditions or prefer to have one. This is due to population immunity. COVID-19 vaccine advice should adapt to changes in disease risk and vaccine benefit. It doesn't mean previous decisions were wrong, nor that vaccine boosters are unsafe. RFK jnr's criticism of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy may influence choices individuals make in other countries, even when unvaccinated pregnant women are encouraged to consider vaccination. RFK jnr also questioned the safety of the combined diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) vaccine as he announced the withdrawal of US funding support for Gavi. In the early 2000s, three community-based observational studies reported a possible association between increased chance of death in infants and use of the DTP vaccine. A few subsequent studies also reported associations, with higher risk in girls, prompting a World Health Organisation (WHO) review of safety. Real-world studies are complicated, and the data can be difficult to interpret correctly. Often, the very factors that influence whether someone gets vaccinated can also be associated with other health risks. When the WHO committee reviewed all the studies on DTP safety in 2014, it did not indicate serious adverse events. It concluded there was substantial evidence against these claims. Gavi, the vaccine alliance, supports vaccine purchasing in low-income countries. The US has historically accounted for 13 per cent of all donor funds. However, RFK jnr said Gavi needed to re-earn the public trust and "consider the best science available" before the US would contribute funding again. Gavi predicted in March that the impact of US funding cuts could result in one million deaths through missed vaccines. Australia is fortunate to be buffered from these impacts. Our vaccine advisory body, the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation, has people with deep expertise in vaccination. We have robust decision processes that weigh evidence critically and make careful recommendations to government. The federal government also announced A$386 million to support the work of Gavi from 2026 to 2030. All of this keeps our vaccine policies strong, preventing disease and increasing life expectancy here and overseas. But to mitigate the possible influence of the US in Australia, our governments, health professionals and the public need to be ready to rapidly tackle the misinformation, distortions and half-truths RFK jnr cleverly packages - with quality information. The United States used to be a leader in vaccine research, development and policymaking. Now US Secretary of Health Robert F. Kennedy jnr is undermining the country's vaccine program at the highest level and supercharging vaccine skepticism. Two weeks ago, RFK jnr sacked the entire Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices responsible for reviewing the latest scientific evidence on vaccines. RFK Jr alleged conflicts of interest and hand-picked a replacement panel. On Wednesday, RFK jnr announced the US would stop funding the global vaccine alliance, Gavi, because he claimed that "when the science was inconvenient today, Gavi ignored the science". RFK jnr questioned the safety of COVID vaccines for pregnant women, as well as the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine. On Thursday, when the new Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices met, the person who first drew RFK jnr into vaccine scepticism, Lyn Redwood, shared disproved claims about a chemical called thimerosal in flu vaccines being harmful. The undermining of regulation, advisory processes and funding changes will have global impacts, as debunked claims are given new levels of apparent legitimacy. Some of these impacts will be slow and insidious. So what should we make of these latest claims and funding cuts? Thiomersal (thimerosal in the the US) is a safe and effective preservative that prevents bacterial and fungal contamination of the vaccine contained in a multi-dose vial. It's a salt that contains a tiny amount of mercury in a safe form. Thiomersal is no longer used as a preservative in any vaccines routinely given in Australia. But it's still used in the Q fever vaccine. Other countries use multi-dose vials with thiomersal when single-dose vials are too expensive. In the US, just 4 per cent of adult influenza vaccines contain thiomersal. So focusing on removing vaccines containing thimerosal is a distraction for the committee. On Wednesday, RFK jnr criticised Gavi's encouragement of pregnant women to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A COVID-19 infection before and during pregnancy can increase the risk of miscarriage two- to four-fold, even if it's only a mild infection. Conversely, there is good evidence vaccination during pregnancy is safe and can reduce the chance of hospitalisation of pregnant people and of infants by passing antibodies through the placenta. In Australia, pregnant people who have never received a primary COVID-19 vaccine are recommended to have one. However, they are not generally recommended to have booster unless they have underlying risk conditions or prefer to have one. This is due to population immunity. COVID-19 vaccine advice should adapt to changes in disease risk and vaccine benefit. It doesn't mean previous decisions were wrong, nor that vaccine boosters are unsafe. RFK jnr's criticism of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnancy may influence choices individuals make in other countries, even when unvaccinated pregnant women are encouraged to consider vaccination. RFK jnr also questioned the safety of the combined diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) vaccine as he announced the withdrawal of US funding support for Gavi. In the early 2000s, three community-based observational studies reported a possible association between increased chance of death in infants and use of the DTP vaccine. A few subsequent studies also reported associations, with higher risk in girls, prompting a World Health Organisation (WHO) review of safety. Real-world studies are complicated, and the data can be difficult to interpret correctly. Often, the very factors that influence whether someone gets vaccinated can also be associated with other health risks. When the WHO committee reviewed all the studies on DTP safety in 2014, it did not indicate serious adverse events. It concluded there was substantial evidence against these claims. Gavi, the vaccine alliance, supports vaccine purchasing in low-income countries. The US has historically accounted for 13 per cent of all donor funds. However, RFK jnr said Gavi needed to re-earn the public trust and "consider the best science available" before the US would contribute funding again. Gavi predicted in March that the impact of US funding cuts could result in one million deaths through missed vaccines. Australia is fortunate to be buffered from these impacts. Our vaccine advisory body, the Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation, has people with deep expertise in vaccination. We have robust decision processes that weigh evidence critically and make careful recommendations to government. The federal government also announced A$386 million to support the work of Gavi from 2026 to 2030. All of this keeps our vaccine policies strong, preventing disease and increasing life expectancy here and overseas. But to mitigate the possible influence of the US in Australia, our governments, health professionals and the public need to be ready to rapidly tackle the misinformation, distortions and half-truths RFK jnr cleverly packages - with quality information.


Canberra Times
4 hours ago
- Canberra Times
RFK jnr is stoking fears about vaccines. He's wrong
In Australia, pregnant people who have never received a primary COVID-19 vaccine are recommended to have one. However, they are not generally recommended to have booster unless they have underlying risk conditions or prefer to have one. This is due to population immunity.


The Advertiser
6 hours ago
- The Advertiser
Alfredo spent 120 days in hospital because no nursing home would take him
Alfredo de Andrade spent 120 days in Maitland Hospital as a severe dementia patient because no nursing home would take him. He'd shown high levels of agitation and aggression, so he was put on psychotropic medication to calm him. The Metford man, who died this month, had initially gone to Maitland Hospital for surgery after he fell and broke his hip. He was transferred to Kurri Kurri Hospital for recovery. "While he was there, he caught COVID," son Paulo de Andrade said. While at Kurri, Alfredo's aggressive behaviour meant he was transferred back to Maitland. "It was a concern that Dad was taking up an acute bed in a major hospital," Paulo said. "But he simply couldn't return home, and we couldn't find a place in a nursing home that could take care of him. "The hospital tried very hard to find a place for Dad. Eventually he did find a place at HammondCare's dementia village at Cardiff." He went into care at the village's eight-bed Quintral Cottage. It is part of the federal government's Special Dementia Care Program (SDCP) for patients with severe symptoms. There are 22 federally-funded SDCP units in Australia and 35 planned in total by 2026. Paulo said the family wanted Alfredo to "have the best quality of life possible in his remaining time". "The plan was to get him off the psychiatric medication, as he was in a safe environment," Paulo said. "As this was done, his aggression came down considerably." After about 12 months at Quintral, he was able to move into a regular cottage at Cardiff. "He became stable, could take instructions from the carers and was happy," Paulo said. Over-medicating elderly patients with dementia - so-called "chemical restraints" - is a controversial topic. Two recent royal commissions found psychotropic medicines were being "misused and overused", particularly among older people and those with a disability. Nonetheless, Paulo accepts that his dad was medicated at hospital for "his own safety". "I'm not saying it's wrong, it's the way it is," he said. "It's difficult for medical staff to get the medication mix right because every individual is different. They have to get a balance and see how they react." Paulo said the staff treating his dad at hospital were "magnificent". However, there were not enough publicly funded dementia places. "The public needs to be more aware of this because dementia cases are rising," he said. "There needs to be more public pressure on politicians for funding and resources for this." Alfredo migrated to Newcastle from Portugal in 1981, along with his wife Maria and their three children. He worked as a boilermaker at Allco Steel at Tomago. As a metal worker, he fabricated steel for projects such as the Australian Maritime Museum, Darling Harbour, Chifley Tower and the Sydney Monorail. "Dad was hard-working, kind and caring, who loved his family and friends," Paulo said. "He was brave to bring his family halfway around the world to start a new life." Paulo said it was hard seeing his dad go through severe dementia. "I'm thankful there are places that can take these patients and care for them safely. We need more of them." Federal aged care Minister Sam Rae more than 400,000 people were living with dementia in Australia. This was expected to "double by 2058". "We're working to deliver support that gives people with dementia the dignified care and quality of life they deserve," Mr Rae said. The government had allocated $57 million "to support older patients with dementia to transition out of hospital into aged care". Alfredo de Andrade spent 120 days in Maitland Hospital as a severe dementia patient because no nursing home would take him. He'd shown high levels of agitation and aggression, so he was put on psychotropic medication to calm him. The Metford man, who died this month, had initially gone to Maitland Hospital for surgery after he fell and broke his hip. He was transferred to Kurri Kurri Hospital for recovery. "While he was there, he caught COVID," son Paulo de Andrade said. While at Kurri, Alfredo's aggressive behaviour meant he was transferred back to Maitland. "It was a concern that Dad was taking up an acute bed in a major hospital," Paulo said. "But he simply couldn't return home, and we couldn't find a place in a nursing home that could take care of him. "The hospital tried very hard to find a place for Dad. Eventually he did find a place at HammondCare's dementia village at Cardiff." He went into care at the village's eight-bed Quintral Cottage. It is part of the federal government's Special Dementia Care Program (SDCP) for patients with severe symptoms. There are 22 federally-funded SDCP units in Australia and 35 planned in total by 2026. Paulo said the family wanted Alfredo to "have the best quality of life possible in his remaining time". "The plan was to get him off the psychiatric medication, as he was in a safe environment," Paulo said. "As this was done, his aggression came down considerably." After about 12 months at Quintral, he was able to move into a regular cottage at Cardiff. "He became stable, could take instructions from the carers and was happy," Paulo said. Over-medicating elderly patients with dementia - so-called "chemical restraints" - is a controversial topic. Two recent royal commissions found psychotropic medicines were being "misused and overused", particularly among older people and those with a disability. Nonetheless, Paulo accepts that his dad was medicated at hospital for "his own safety". "I'm not saying it's wrong, it's the way it is," he said. "It's difficult for medical staff to get the medication mix right because every individual is different. They have to get a balance and see how they react." Paulo said the staff treating his dad at hospital were "magnificent". However, there were not enough publicly funded dementia places. "The public needs to be more aware of this because dementia cases are rising," he said. "There needs to be more public pressure on politicians for funding and resources for this." Alfredo migrated to Newcastle from Portugal in 1981, along with his wife Maria and their three children. He worked as a boilermaker at Allco Steel at Tomago. As a metal worker, he fabricated steel for projects such as the Australian Maritime Museum, Darling Harbour, Chifley Tower and the Sydney Monorail. "Dad was hard-working, kind and caring, who loved his family and friends," Paulo said. "He was brave to bring his family halfway around the world to start a new life." Paulo said it was hard seeing his dad go through severe dementia. "I'm thankful there are places that can take these patients and care for them safely. We need more of them." Federal aged care Minister Sam Rae more than 400,000 people were living with dementia in Australia. This was expected to "double by 2058". "We're working to deliver support that gives people with dementia the dignified care and quality of life they deserve," Mr Rae said. The government had allocated $57 million "to support older patients with dementia to transition out of hospital into aged care". Alfredo de Andrade spent 120 days in Maitland Hospital as a severe dementia patient because no nursing home would take him. He'd shown high levels of agitation and aggression, so he was put on psychotropic medication to calm him. The Metford man, who died this month, had initially gone to Maitland Hospital for surgery after he fell and broke his hip. He was transferred to Kurri Kurri Hospital for recovery. "While he was there, he caught COVID," son Paulo de Andrade said. While at Kurri, Alfredo's aggressive behaviour meant he was transferred back to Maitland. "It was a concern that Dad was taking up an acute bed in a major hospital," Paulo said. "But he simply couldn't return home, and we couldn't find a place in a nursing home that could take care of him. "The hospital tried very hard to find a place for Dad. Eventually he did find a place at HammondCare's dementia village at Cardiff." He went into care at the village's eight-bed Quintral Cottage. It is part of the federal government's Special Dementia Care Program (SDCP) for patients with severe symptoms. There are 22 federally-funded SDCP units in Australia and 35 planned in total by 2026. Paulo said the family wanted Alfredo to "have the best quality of life possible in his remaining time". "The plan was to get him off the psychiatric medication, as he was in a safe environment," Paulo said. "As this was done, his aggression came down considerably." After about 12 months at Quintral, he was able to move into a regular cottage at Cardiff. "He became stable, could take instructions from the carers and was happy," Paulo said. Over-medicating elderly patients with dementia - so-called "chemical restraints" - is a controversial topic. Two recent royal commissions found psychotropic medicines were being "misused and overused", particularly among older people and those with a disability. Nonetheless, Paulo accepts that his dad was medicated at hospital for "his own safety". "I'm not saying it's wrong, it's the way it is," he said. "It's difficult for medical staff to get the medication mix right because every individual is different. They have to get a balance and see how they react." Paulo said the staff treating his dad at hospital were "magnificent". However, there were not enough publicly funded dementia places. "The public needs to be more aware of this because dementia cases are rising," he said. "There needs to be more public pressure on politicians for funding and resources for this." Alfredo migrated to Newcastle from Portugal in 1981, along with his wife Maria and their three children. He worked as a boilermaker at Allco Steel at Tomago. As a metal worker, he fabricated steel for projects such as the Australian Maritime Museum, Darling Harbour, Chifley Tower and the Sydney Monorail. "Dad was hard-working, kind and caring, who loved his family and friends," Paulo said. "He was brave to bring his family halfway around the world to start a new life." Paulo said it was hard seeing his dad go through severe dementia. "I'm thankful there are places that can take these patients and care for them safely. We need more of them." Federal aged care Minister Sam Rae more than 400,000 people were living with dementia in Australia. This was expected to "double by 2058". "We're working to deliver support that gives people with dementia the dignified care and quality of life they deserve," Mr Rae said. The government had allocated $57 million "to support older patients with dementia to transition out of hospital into aged care". Alfredo de Andrade spent 120 days in Maitland Hospital as a severe dementia patient because no nursing home would take him. He'd shown high levels of agitation and aggression, so he was put on psychotropic medication to calm him. The Metford man, who died this month, had initially gone to Maitland Hospital for surgery after he fell and broke his hip. He was transferred to Kurri Kurri Hospital for recovery. "While he was there, he caught COVID," son Paulo de Andrade said. While at Kurri, Alfredo's aggressive behaviour meant he was transferred back to Maitland. "It was a concern that Dad was taking up an acute bed in a major hospital," Paulo said. "But he simply couldn't return home, and we couldn't find a place in a nursing home that could take care of him. "The hospital tried very hard to find a place for Dad. Eventually he did find a place at HammondCare's dementia village at Cardiff." He went into care at the village's eight-bed Quintral Cottage. It is part of the federal government's Special Dementia Care Program (SDCP) for patients with severe symptoms. There are 22 federally-funded SDCP units in Australia and 35 planned in total by 2026. Paulo said the family wanted Alfredo to "have the best quality of life possible in his remaining time". "The plan was to get him off the psychiatric medication, as he was in a safe environment," Paulo said. "As this was done, his aggression came down considerably." After about 12 months at Quintral, he was able to move into a regular cottage at Cardiff. "He became stable, could take instructions from the carers and was happy," Paulo said. Over-medicating elderly patients with dementia - so-called "chemical restraints" - is a controversial topic. Two recent royal commissions found psychotropic medicines were being "misused and overused", particularly among older people and those with a disability. Nonetheless, Paulo accepts that his dad was medicated at hospital for "his own safety". "I'm not saying it's wrong, it's the way it is," he said. "It's difficult for medical staff to get the medication mix right because every individual is different. They have to get a balance and see how they react." Paulo said the staff treating his dad at hospital were "magnificent". However, there were not enough publicly funded dementia places. "The public needs to be more aware of this because dementia cases are rising," he said. "There needs to be more public pressure on politicians for funding and resources for this." Alfredo migrated to Newcastle from Portugal in 1981, along with his wife Maria and their three children. He worked as a boilermaker at Allco Steel at Tomago. As a metal worker, he fabricated steel for projects such as the Australian Maritime Museum, Darling Harbour, Chifley Tower and the Sydney Monorail. "Dad was hard-working, kind and caring, who loved his family and friends," Paulo said. "He was brave to bring his family halfway around the world to start a new life." Paulo said it was hard seeing his dad go through severe dementia. "I'm thankful there are places that can take these patients and care for them safely. We need more of them." Federal aged care Minister Sam Rae more than 400,000 people were living with dementia in Australia. This was expected to "double by 2058". "We're working to deliver support that gives people with dementia the dignified care and quality of life they deserve," Mr Rae said. The government had allocated $57 million "to support older patients with dementia to transition out of hospital into aged care".