South Asia achieves record immunization coverage; India, Nepal lead progress: WHO-UNICEF

The Hindu

16-07-2025

South Asia has achieved its highest-ever immunization coverage for children, with notable progress in India and Nepal, according to new data released on Tuesday (July 15, 2025) by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF for 2024.
India reduced its number of zero-dose children — those who have not received a single vaccine — by 43%, from 1.6 million in 2023 to 0.9 million in 2024. Nepal achieved a 52% reduction, from 23,000 to 11,000, a WHO statement said.
Pakistan also recorded its highest-ever DTP3 (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) coverage at 87%. However, Afghanistan continued to struggle, with the lowest coverage in the region and a one percentage point decline since last year, it added.
The progress marks a milestone in the region's efforts to protect every child from vaccine-preventable diseases.
"This is a proud moment for South Asia. More children are protected today than ever before, thanks to tireless frontline health workers, strong government leadership, donors' and partners' support and the unwavering trust of families," said Sanjay Wijesekera, UNICEF Regional Director for South Asia.
"But we cannot forget the millions of children who are under-vaccinated or unvaccinated. Now is the time to push further, especially into the most rural areas, to give every child his or her right to healthcare in the earliest years of life," he said.
In 2024, 92% of infants in South Asia received the third dose of the DTP vaccine — a crucial global indicator — up two percentage points from 2023. The first-dose DTP coverage rose from 93 to 95%, showing a strong recovery beyond pre-COVID levels, the statement said.
There was also a 27% drop in zero-dose children across the region, from 2.5 million in 2023 to 1.8 million in 2024.
The region also made significant strides in measles control. In 2024, 93% of infants received the first dose and 88% the second dose of the measles vaccine, up from 90% and 87% respectively. Measles cases fell 39%— from over 90,000 in 2023 to about 55,000 this year. However, coverage still remains below the 95% threshold needed to prevent outbreaks, the statement said.
"It is heartening to see WHO South-East Asia Region reach the highest ever immunization rates, surpassing the pre-pandemic up-trend. We must build on this momentum and step up efforts to reach every child with these lifesaving vaccines. Together we can, and we must," said Dr. Thaksaphon Thamarangsi, Director Programme Management, WHO South-East Asia Region.
HPV vaccination coverage for adolescent girls rose from 2% in 2023 to 9% in 2024. Bangladesh made significant progress, vaccinating over 7.1 million girls since launching its programme in 2023. Bhutan, Maldives, and Sri Lanka also increased their HPV coverage by 3 percentage points (91% to 94%), 15 points (60% to 75%), and 17 points (31% to 48%) respectively.
Nepal launched its national HPV vaccination campaign in February 2025 and has vaccinated over 1.4 million girls. India and Pakistan are expected to roll out their HPV vaccination programmes later this year, the statement said.
Behind these gains are sustained government efforts, investments, policies, and the dedication of frontline and community health workers—many of them women—alongside donor and partner support. Use of digital tools, improved data systems, and targeted outreach campaigns have also played a key role, it said.
While significant progress was made, over 2.9 million children in the region remain un- or under-vaccinated and therefore unprotected, the statement said.
With this in mind, UNICEF and WHO urged governments in South Asia to sustain political commitment, increase domestic financing for immunization, expand HPV vaccine coverage, and intensify efforts to reach zero-dose and under-vaccinated children. They also called for greater investment in frontline health workers and reinforcement of surveillance systems for vaccine-preventable diseases.