logo
Scientists give 10,000-year-old woman a face: Incredible reconstruction reveals lady with 'lighter skin than most' and BLUE eyes

Scientists give 10,000-year-old woman a face: Incredible reconstruction reveals lady with 'lighter skin than most' and BLUE eyes

Daily Mail​18-06-2025
At first glance, it looks like a photo of an modern-day tribesperson, wearing a decorative headdress and an earnest expression.
But this is actually an eerily-realistic synthetic reconstruction of a woman from Belgium who lived and died 10,500 years ago.
Scientists and artists have reconstructed the face of the Margaux woman, whose remains were found in a cave in Belgium's Meuse Valley.
Part of an early civilization of hunter-gatherers, she had 'average skin colour', much lighter than expected, and light blueish-grey eyes.
The eerily-realistic bust also sports a shaven head, a leather feathered hairband and decorative markings on her shoulders made with ochre and charcoal.
A homo sapien just like us, she would have roamed the densely-forested lands and rivers in the search for food shortly after the last ice age.
For now, she's known as the Margaux woman, but the public are invited to choose a proper name for her.
Experts say she belonged to the same Western European hunter-gatherer population as the famous Cheddar Man from Gough's Cave, Somerset.
Skeletal remains of the Mesolithic woman were originally discovered in 1988 in the Margaux cave near the Belgian city of Dinant.
Around 35 years later, researchers were able to extract well-preserved DNA from the skull to learn more about her appearance, including eye and skin colour.
Like the Cheddar Man, the Belgian woman had blue eyes, but her skin was slightly lighter than that of many other individuals from the same period.
'This indicates greater diversity in skin pigmentation than we previously thought,' said Maïté Rivollat, chief geneticist of the project.
Two Dutch twin brothers – Adrie and Alfons Kennis, described as 'palaeo-anthropological artists' – then used the insights to create the reconstruction, mostly made of a combination of resin and silicone.
The Kennis brothers have made many previous reconstructions of Neanderthals and other prehistoric hominids, including Ötzi the Iceman.
Professor Isabelle De Groote, project leader and researcher in human origins at Ghent University, said this woman was about 35 to 60 at time of death.
'In anthropology, it is difficult to be more accurate than this with just a preserved skull and jaw,' she told MailOnline.
Who was the Margaux woman?
The Margaux woman was a hunter-gatherer who lived and roamed Europe 10,500 years ago.
Skulls of her and an estimated eight other women were found in the back of Margaux Cave, Belgium in the 1980s.
There were also other parts of their skeletons found but these were all commingled so experts could not assign them to the different individuals.
But it is unclear what the ancient lady died of, as the skull does not reveal 'an obvious sign of death'.
'It is rare that we see this in a skeleton because most causes of death do not show on the skeleton but we do not see a blow to the head in her, for example,' Professor De Groote added.
Naturally, around 10,000 years ago, Europe was a very different place to what it is today, the academic explained.
'The Mesolithic people of Belgium, around 10,000 years ago, lived as hunter-gatherers in forested landscapes,' she told MailOnline.
'They settled in campsites such as Abri du Pape, where they built hearths and crafted flint tools.
'Their diet was diverse, including wild game like deer and boar, fish, birds, and plant foods such as hazelnuts, which were a key resource.
'They used animal parts for clothing, tools, and bindings, and may have domesticated dogs.
'Their lifestyle was closely tied to the natural environment, relying on seasonal resources and skilled foraging and hunting.
'They would have moved around a lot, but returned to their favourite campsites and the burials caves.'
Through an online poll, the public are invited to choose a name for the woman out of three options – Margo, Freya and Mos'anne.
Margo refers to the cave in which she was found, while Freya and Mos'anne refer to the hills and river basin in which the caves are located, respectively.
People can vote for their favourite name until the end of June by clicking 'vote' at the top of the project's website.
Then from September, she will be visiting museums across Belgium as part of a travelling exhibition.
The full list of locations includes University of Ghent, Andenne Museum Space and Gallo-Romeins Museum in Tongeren.
The Neolithic Revolution was the world's first verifiable revolution in agriculture.
It began in Britain between about 5000 BC and 4500 BC but spread across Europe from origins in Syria and Iraq between about 11000 BC and 9000 BC.
The period saw the widespread transition of many disparate human cultures from nomadic hunting and gathering practices to ones of farming and building small settlements.
The revolution was responsible for turning small groups of travellers into settled communities who built villages and towns.
Some cultures used irrigation and made forest clearings to better their farming techniques.
Others stored food for times of hunger, and farming eventually created different roles and divisions of labour in societies as well as trading economies.
In the UK, the period was triggered by a huge migration or folk-movement from across the Channel.
Today, prehistoric monuments in the UK span from the time of the Neolithic farmers to the invasion of the Romans in AD 43.
Many of them are looked after by English Heritage and range from standing stones to massive stone circles, and from burial mounds to hillforts.
Stonehenge, the most famous prehistoric structure in Europe, possibly the world, was built by Neolithic people, and later finished during the Bronze Age.
Neolithic structures were typically used for ceremonies, religious feasts and as centres for trade and social gatherings.
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Rare 300,000-year-old wooden tools found in China reveal diet secrets of early humans
Rare 300,000-year-old wooden tools found in China reveal diet secrets of early humans

The Independent

time28 minutes ago

  • The Independent

Rare 300,000-year-old wooden tools found in China reveal diet secrets of early humans

A trove of rare 300,000-year-old wooden tools unearthed in south-west China reveals that early humans in the region may have relied heavily on underground plants like roots and tubers for sustenance. The findings, published on Thursday in the journal Science, throw light on the advanced cognitive skills of early human ancestors in East Asia and their lives, diet, and environment. This rare find was made due to the wooden tools being preserved in oxygen-deprived clay sediments at the archaeological lakeshore site of Gantangqing in Jiangchuan, Yunnan province. Researchers also found nearly 1,000 organic remains among the sediments. Using advanced techniques, scientists dated the uncovered remains to establish the age of the tools between 250,000-350,000 years old. The 'extremely rare' wooden tools, which appear in varieties of forms and functions, were extracted from layers dating to around 300,000 years old, scientists say. Until now, only two previously known discoveries have been made of wooden tools from this period – one in Europe and one in Africa. Two of the newly uncovered sticks appeared similar to those found at Italy's Poggetti Vecchi site, dating to 171,000 years old. Four unique hook-shaped tools were also uncovered and were likely used for cutting roots, scientists say. Researchers also found signs of deliberate polishing on the wooden tools, scraping marks and soil residues on the tool edges, indicating they were used for digging underground plants such as tubers and roots. 'The wooden implements include digging sticks and small, complete, hand-held pointed tools,' scientists wrote. Based on these findings, scientists suspect these East Asian human ancestors likely followed a plant-based diet, with evidence of pine nuts, hazelnuts, kiwi fruit and aquatic tubers found at the site. In comparison, the wooden tools uncovered in Europe and Africa were hunting implements, spears, and spear tips. 'The discovery challenges previous assumptions about early human adaptation. While contemporary European sites (like Schöningen in Germany) focused on hunting large mammals, Gantangqing reveals a unique plant-based survival strategy in the subtropics,' said archaeologist Bo Li, a co-author of the study. 'The diversity and sophistication of the wooden tools also fill a significant gap in the archaeological record, as pre-100,000-year-old wooden tools are extremely rare outside Africa and Western Eurasia,' Dr Li said. The discovery reveals that wooden tools were in use by early humans living in a much wider range across the globe. It also suggests that prehistoric cultures living in different environments developed tools useful to them locally.

Ancient Roman settlement uncovered after rare swords found near Cotswolds village
Ancient Roman settlement uncovered after rare swords found near Cotswolds village

Sky News

timean hour ago

  • Sky News

Ancient Roman settlement uncovered after rare swords found near Cotswolds village

An Iron Age Roman settlement has been discovered after a metal detectorist found two rare swords near a Cotswolds village. Archaeologists said their excavation had uncovered what could be evidence of a Roman villa. It follows the discovery of two iron Roman cavalry swords, possibly displaying traces of their scabbards, during a metal detecting rally near Willersey two years ago. Found by metal detectorist Glenn Manning, the swords were later donated to the Corinium Museum in Cirencester. Mr Manning said: "Finding two swords in the same spot was amazing. "The morning before the rally, I had a feeling I would find something special. "This was only my second time metal detecting. I'm excited to find out more about them." Historic England then carried out geophysical surveys of the area where the swords were found, which revealed the possibility of extensive prehistoric, and Romano-British remains. Evidence of settlements spanning several centuries was then found during excavations earlier this year. These include three or four Iron Age ring ditches, a substantial rectangular enclosure, and remains of Roman limestone buildings, which could be a winged villa. Following more archaeological work, Historic England could then recommend to the Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) that the site be protected as a scheduled monument. It is believed the long swords or "spatha" were used by the Romans on horseback from early in the second century AD through to the third century AD. They are contemporary with the villa, but it is not known how they came to be there. Ian Barnes, senior archaeologist at Historic England, said: "This excavation provides valuable insights into the nature of settlement patterns from the Early Iron Age through to the Roman period in Gloucestershire. "This new evidence will help us to understand more about what happened around the period of the Roman Conquest, which must have been a tumultuous time." Peter Busby, from Cotswold Archaeology, said: "I am very proud of how much our team of volunteers, professional archaeologists, and metal detectorists achieved in 15 days, despite the heavy January rain. "We turned a ploughed field, the swords, and geophysical anomalies into the story of a settlement spanning hundreds of years - the first stage in telling the history of these fields and their cavalry swords." Emma Stuart, director of the Corinium Museum, added: "It's a privilege to acquire such rare artefacts. "This valuable addition of Roman weaponry at the museum broadens the story of life in the Cotswolds during the mid to late Roman period." The swords will be on display for public viewing at the Corinium Museum from 2 August.

Iron Age Roman settlement discovered in Gloucestershire
Iron Age Roman settlement discovered in Gloucestershire

BBC News

time4 hours ago

  • BBC News

Iron Age Roman settlement discovered in Gloucestershire

A Roman settlement from the Iron Age has been discovered following a rare sword find, archaeologists have excavation near a village in the Cotswolds revealed what could be evidence of a Roman comes after the discovery of two iron Roman cavalry swords during a metal detecting event near Willersey in Gloucestershire two years swords were later donated to the Corinium Museum in Cirencester. Historic England then carried out surveys of the area where the swords were found which revealed the possibility of widespread prehistoric and Romano-British earlier this year found evidence of settlements stretching across several include several Iron Age ring ditches, a giant rectangular enclosure and remains of Roman limestone buildings. The long swords found are believed to have been used by the Romans on horseback from early in the second century AD through to the third century not known how they ended up at the site. "This excavation provides valuable insights into the nature of settlement patterns from the Early Iron Age through to the Roman period in Gloucestershire," said Ian Barnes who is a senior archaeologist at Historic England. "This new evidence will help us to understand more about what happened around the period of the Roman Conquest, which must have been a tumultuous time."More archaeological work will need to be carried out, and Historic England could then recommend to the government that the area should be recognised as a nationally important archaeological site.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store