Iranians targeted with spyware in lead-up to war with Israel: Research

Straits Times

3 days ago

Find out what's new on ST website and app.
According to new research, more than a dozen Iranians' mobile phones were targeted with spyware in the months prior to the country's war with Israel.
TEXAS – More than a dozen Iranians' mobile phones were targeted with spyware in the months prior to the country's war with Israel, according to new research.
Miaan Group, a digital human rights organisation based in Austin, Texas, found a number of Iranians who received threat notifications from Apple Inc. in the first half of 2025, and researchers believe they only identified a fraction of the total targets.
Another round of Iranian spyware targets was discovered by Mr Hamid Kashfi , a Sweden-based cybersecurity researcher and founder of the firm DarkCell.
The attacks mark the first known example of such highly advanced cyber-espionage tools being used both inside Iran and against Iranians living abroad. It's not clear who was behind the attacks.
Miaan Group said the victims included two Iranian dissidents inside the country and a technology worker who is an Iranian citizen living in Europe, who were targeted with spyware on their iPhones.
They were first notified of the incident via text message by Apple, which typically sends a threat notification message to victims when a hack is detected.
Mr Kashfi said he found 12 victims, all inside Iran and working either in the country's technology sector or for the government. Both Mr Kashfi and the Miaan Group declined to name the victims in order to protect their safety.
Top stories
Swipe. Select. Stay informed.
Singapore Singaporeans aged 21 to 59 can claim $600 SG60 vouchers from July 22
Singapore Singaporeans continue to hold world's most powerful passport in latest ranking
Singapore Woman evacuated from lift in Supreme Court building after falling glass triggers emergency halt
Asia Malaysian aide's unresolved 2009 death tests govt's reform pledge despite DAP chief's apology
Singapore Prosecution says judge who acquitted duo of bribing ex-LTA official had copied defence arguments
Singapore Singapore not affected by haze despite smoke plumes in Sumatra: NEA
Singapore Miscalculation of MOH subsidies and grants led to $7m in overpayments, $2m in shortfalls
Singapore Ports and planes: The 2 Singapore firms helping to keep the world moving
The threat notifications, which were seen by Bloomberg, describe the attacks as 'exceptionally rare' and costing 'millions of dollars'.
The Apple notification, which is careful to note that the company doesn't attribute the attacks, compared the sophistication and cost of the recent attacks to Pegasus spyware from NSO Group.
'The extreme cost, sophistication and worldwide nature makes mercenary spyware attacks some of the most advanced digital threads in existence today,' Apple told the Iranian targets.
'This attack is likely targeting you specifically because of who you are or what you do.'
Apple didn't respond to a Bloomberg request for comment. The notification added that 'Apple has high confidence in this warning.'
Mr Kashfi said his investigation concluded that 'zero-day zero-click' attacks were likely used. That approach exploits hidden vulnerabilities and require no interaction from the victim.
'Zero-click chains are more sophisticated, more expensive, one stage higher than typical hacking campaigns,' Mr Kashfi said. 'But they weren't shy about using it and burning it.'
Neither Mr Kashfi nor the Miaan Group were able to do full forensic examinations of the targeted iPhones.
In several cases, being inside Iran made examinations impossible. In others, victims only came forward months after the notification.
Finally, other targets chose to take their targeted iPhones to be examined by the Iranian government security services rather than independent experts living abroad, Mr Kashfi said. BLOOMBERG