logo
NZ heads to infinity and beyond

NZ heads to infinity and beyond

It was difficult not to stifle a snort of derision when the government announced last week that New Zealand was about to set up a dedicated "space unit".
The kiwi is, famously, a ground-dwelling bird, so the notion that the nation's military was about to be tasked with responsibility for preserving our place in the stratosphere — at first glance — seemed worthy of high comedy.
And yet, for all the comedic potential that Defence Minister Judith Collins' announcement offered, on closer consideration it may well not be such an out-of-this-world idea after all.
New Zealand's stake in outer space is one well worth protecting.
A recent report estimated that — thanks to the likes of Southlander Sir Peter Beck's company Rocket Lab — that the space sector contributes about $2.5 billion annually to the New Zealand economy.
There are also about 17,000 jobs connected directly or indirectly to the space sector, and they are local jobs: there are Dunedin firms, especially engineering companies, which have valuable and ongoing contracts with the space industry.
Thus far New Zealand has mainly been engaged with sending technology and satellites from other countries and companies into space.
Given we already have rocket launch sites and gifted innovators in the fields of high tech and manufacturing, it is not too far-fetched to think that the days of the country launching its own orbiting machines are to come.
The fact that New Zealand is a small country should be a driver rather than a deterrent in this respect.
As Ms Collins pointed out, the country relies on space-based infrastructure for a range of critical services, from weather observation to financial transactions.
While the country can rely on satellite coverage from elsewhere to a certain degree, we are in a far distant corner of the planet and others will not prioritise what is going on in our backyard.
Satellites are increasingly being used in fields like agriculture, for example, and Nasa is not as likely to be interested in tracking stock to pasture ratios on the east coast of Otago as we are.
And, as Cyclone Gabrielle demonstrated, reliable satellite-derived communications will be vital during and after future natural disasters.
It would be preferable to have our own resources to fall back on rather than relying on the future profitability of Elon Musk's companies.
"The squadron's initial focus will be on monitoring, analysing, and understanding space activity to safeguard national and international interests," Ms Collins said.
Those words are bland and unspecific, but given the international intelligence sharing agreements that New Zealand is party to, let alone the involvement of the New Zealand Defence Force, it would be safe to say that border security — both economic, in terms of things like fisheries surveillance, and military in terms of keeping an eye out for unwanted visitors —will be high on the agenda.
New Zealand, through the space squadron, will be one of a dozen Pacific countries monitoring the region and sharing information.
While distance has protected New Zealand thus far, even a cursory glance at how war is being conducted these days in the Ukraine, Gaza and the wider Middle East is instructive as to how being far away from a potential assailant can no longer be relied upon to keep the country safe.
There is a pleasing synchronicity in No 62 Squadron being reactivated as New Zealand's "space squadron".
During World War 2, 62 Squadron operated radar systems — ground-breaking surveillance science then.
It will be using infinitely superior technology now, but its basic mission will remain the same: to preserve New Zealand's best interests.
The space unit is not about an astronomical police force using rockets and rayguns. It is about sensible precautions fit for the modern world and the uncertain future ahead.
With a dozen personnel it is not an extravagant luxury. And although a defence force endeavour it comes with the promise that it will work alongside business, industry and academics to also advance peaceful endeavours.
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Many Nasa science missions are targeted for termination or major cuts
Many Nasa science missions are targeted for termination or major cuts

NZ Herald

time4 hours ago

  • NZ Herald

Many Nasa science missions are targeted for termination or major cuts

The budget cuts NASA's $7.33 billion science budget nearly in half, affecting multiple missions. Photo / Getty Images There is a fully tenured Nasa spacecraft named Mars Odyssey that has been faithfully orbiting the Red Planet since October 2001. It has made more than 100,000 spins around Mars. No spacecraft has orbited a distant planet for so long. Odyssey has a few old-age issues, including running low

No climate change buy-outs in future, government advised
No climate change buy-outs in future, government advised

Otago Daily Times

time18 hours ago

  • Otago Daily Times

No climate change buy-outs in future, government advised

Homeowners whose houses are flooded or damaged by weather events should not expect buy-outs in the future, a panel of experts has recommended to the government. It has also recommended that individuals should be responsible for knowing the risks and making their own decisions about whether to move away from high-risk areas. In a new report, it suggested a transition period of 20 years, to provide people with time to make decisions and spread any cost. The independent reference group, which includes economists, representatives from the banking and insurance sectors, local government and iwi, was set up by the Ministry for the Environment to help inform forthcoming climate adaptation legislation. Successive governments have grappled with how to adapt to and pay for climate change risks to communities as the frequency and severity of weather events increases. Cyclone Gabrielle and the 2023 Auckland floods are estimated to have cost a combined $14.5 billion in infrastructure damage and business losses. The previous Labour-led government failed to draft adaptation laws, and the current coalition government has still not introduced a planned climate adaptation bill that would set out how communities, individuals and businesses will respond. The latest report follows a cross-party select committee inquiry completed last year, and an expert working group report published in 2023. It said climate change was already affecting New Zealanders and there was an "urgent need" to change how the country adapted to the risks. "It is currently underprepared. This is leading to larger and more frequent recovery costs, unmanaged financial strain, and disproportionate impacts on some groups." If climate change risks were not addressed, it could lead to insurers withdrawing cover from some areas, and property values in high-risk areas declining over time. It recommended that people should be responsible for knowing the risks to their own home and acting accordingly. "Unless there is risk to life, some people may choose to stay in risky locations. In that case, they should be responsible for bearing the costs of their decision," the authors said. However, people would not be able to make informed decisions until much better, nationally consistent information about those risks was made available, they said. Along with better hazard information and communication, the report recommended mandatory adaptation planning at local government level, along with reducing councils' exposure to lawsuits "so that hard decisions can be made". Some of those hard decisions could include withdrawing services from some locations, it suggested. The government should continue to provide hardship support after large-scale weather events, the report recommended. However, it also believed that financial compensation to home and landowners for their properties should gradually reduce over the transition period, with no buy-outs after that time. Adaptation funding itself should follow a 'beneficiary pays' approach in most cases, the report said. "This would mean those who benefit most from these investments contribute more." Central government should only invest in adaptation if it would protect Crown assets, "or where broader national benefits can be realised". "Central government investment or other financing strategies may be appropriate to help overcome challenges in particularly vulnerable areas, where there is less ability to pay." The government should also provide some financial support to Māori communities to protect infrastructure like marae and urupā, which were often in higher-risk areas, the authors said. "Māori land and assets are particularly exposed to climate-change-related risk, as are rural communities that may have small ratepayer bases or be dependent on critical infrastructure assets such as a single bridge." It also noted the effects of climate change risks on lower socio-economic communities. "As prices of properties that are highly exposed to climate-change-related risks fall, lower socio-economic communities will be more likely to live in them, increasing their financial and physical vulnerability." The report's recommendations are a departure from a previous expert report, which recommended an ongoing framework for compensating home and business owners in order to move high-risk communities out of harm's way. Environmental Defence Society policy director Raewyn Peart was previously involved in helping write recommendations for designing adaptation law, and told RNZ's Nine to Noon programme the first priority was to stop building new houses in high-hazard areas like floodplains. A National Environmental Standard could be put in place with immediate effect to stop councils allowing that to happen, she said. She had not read the Independent Reference Group's report but said the proposals in it were unlikely to go far enough, because people in difficult circumstances through no fault of their own would need help. On the other hand, there had to be a point where councils could stop providing services if people chose not to move, she said.

What is Rocket Lab launching into space and why are people angry about it?
What is Rocket Lab launching into space and why are people angry about it?

The Spinoff

timea day ago

  • The Spinoff

What is Rocket Lab launching into space and why are people angry about it?

On Friday, picket signs bearing Palestine flags and banners about genocide gathered around three Rocket Lab locations in New Zealand. Why? Rocket Lab, founded in 2006 by Sir Peter Beck, is often lauded in New Zealand for catalysing our space industry. Today it still leads the sector, one with a quickly growing revenue – it was $2.68b in 2024. It's not just glowey-eyed nationalism that paints Rocket Lab favourably. Outside of New Zealand, it's seen as an ' innovative, exciting young space tech company,' and in the first quarter of 2025, Rocket Lab recorded $123 million in revenue, 32% up year-on-year. Rocket Lab is now an American corporation with headquarters in California. It offers launches from Māhia Peninsula and Virginia USA as well as aerospace manufacturing and design. While in 2008 Beck stated, ' if it's involved in the military we don't want anything to do with it,' the company won contracts from at least three US defence agencies in 2009, and seemingly never looked back. In May, Rocket Lab announced a $460 million deal with a US missile tracking tech company, positioning itself as a major contractor to US national security. In the US, Rocket Lab's rockets are the second most launched (after SpaceX). Here in New Zealand, concerns have been raised, and largely ignored by politicians, that Rocket Lab's ability to replace satellites makes the country a military target. Over the years, groups like Auckland Peace Action and Rocket Lab Monitor have accused Rocket Lab of being part of the militarisation of space and breaching New Zealand's Nuclear Free status. Many of the complaints have centered around its US military contracts. These groups have pointed out that Lockheed Martin, the world's largest weapons manufacturer, has invested in Rocket Lab and that the aerospace intelligence and communications technology that Rocket Lab develops, manufactures and launches could be used in weapon systems and other military operations. The most recent protests, from Friday, were led by Palestine Solidarity Network Aotearoa (PSNA). Beyond the pickets, the group, along with a lawyer, have referred Rocket Lab CEO Peter Beck, minister for space and for defence Judith Collins and others to the office of the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court. Why? Because PSNA believes that Rocket Lab activities may have intentionally contributed to war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide committed by Israel. In a statement provided to The Spinoff, a Rocket Lab spokesperson said the company 'strongly refutes PSNA's false and irresponsible claims' and that it is considering its legal options. They followed with a bullet-pointed summary of New Zealand's legal requirements for launching rockets. So what does Rocket Lab launch into space from Māhia? Rocket Lab's website says that its launches, numbering over 200 since 2018, have enabled ' operations in national security, scientific research, space debris mitigation, Earth observation, climate monitoring, and communications '. In the past the company has said it does not and will not launch weapons as this is against its commitment and New Zealand law. New Zealand's space activities are regulated by the Outer Space and High-altitude Activities Act 2017. Apart from safety considerations, the act takes into account New Zealand's international obligations and national interests like economic benefits, risks to national security and international relations. Anything launched into space must have a license granted by discretion of the government on a case-by-case basis. Cabinet has outlined some payloads not to be permitted – payloads that contribute to nuclear weapons programmes or capabilities; payloads with the intended end use of harming, interfering with, or destroying other spacecraft, or space systems; payloads with the intended end use of supporting or enabling specific defence, security or intelligence operations that are contrary to government policy; payloads where the intended end use is likely to cause serious or irreversible harm to the environment. Rocket Lab's website includes a log of launched missions. Among the clients listed are Hawkeye360, BlackSky, Capella Space, NASA, the US National Reconnaissance Office, the United States Space Force, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and RideShare. A few are labelled 'confidential commercial customer' or simply 'undisclosed'. Some media coverage states that Hawkeye360, BlackSky, Capella Space, all space-based intelligence firms, have links to the Israeli Ministry of Defense, though unsurprisingly it's hard to track down evidence and details. In its ICC referral, PSNA has taken issue with Rocket Lab's BlackSky launches in particular, claiming that ' these satellites provide high resolution images to Israel which are very likely used to assist with striking civilians in Gaza '. BlackSky has a network of satellites and sensors that capture high-frequency imagery of Earth. They monitor places and activities for clients, providing high-resolution photographs and AI-enabled analytics every hour under subscription models. This year, Rocket Lab is launching a series of BlackSky's Gen-3 satellites from Māhia Peninsula which are faster, can automatically identify smaller objects and can capture imagery through clouds, smoke or haze. In 2024, Intelligence Online, an intelligence trade publication, reported that 'BlackSky has a secret $150m contract to supply high temporal frequency images and analysis to the Israeli defence ministry'. This claim has not been reported elsewhere, but BlackSky has recently announced a new, $100+ million contract from a 'strategic international defense sector customer' for its Gen-3 monitoring capabilities. When Rocket Lab was asked by Newsroom in November last year whether payloads it had launched had been used to inform Israeli air strikes, a spokesperson pointed to other uses of commercial satellite imagery and data like disaster and humanitarian response, emergency management, national security, commerce, and environmental monitoring. A recent mission launched satellites for wildfire detection and monitoring. What don't we know? There is much we don't know and may never know about what Rocket Lab and its clients do. Some payloads have been kept confidential, yet all launches from New Zealand have to disclose information to the government in order to get the needed licenses. It's not cut and dry when the government might have obligations to release that information – under the Official Information Act information can be withheld on grounds of commercial or national security. The Spinoff contacted the office of Judith Collins for comment on Rocket Lab and the ICC referral. We were referred to the office of the prime minister who provided the following comment from a spokesperson: 'People are free to express their views but New Zealand has consistently made clear the situation in Gaza is deeply distressing, and the crisis must end. Our response to the Israel-Hamas conflict has been consistently grounded in the importance of upholding international law.'

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store