Weak credit growth and rate cuts to squeeze profit at HDFC, ICICI Banks
ADVERTISEMENT The moves came as lending growth weakens, with gross bank credit growth hitting a three-year low in May. India's finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman asked government-owned banks to boost lending in order to fuel economic growth, according to Mint. Her ministry is also said to be considering issuing new banking licenses for the first time in almost a decade.
Efforts to shore up the economy are under way as the country is gradually recovering after a consumption slowdown last year. Firms like Nestle India Ltd. — due Thursday — should show an acceleration in revenue growth led by better product volumes.
Tariff concerns will cloud Infosys Ltd.'s Wednesday update after rival Tata Consultancy Services Ltd. said many American clients were cautious about tech investments given ongoing economic uncertainty. Shares in Tata Consultancy Services, HCL Technologies Ltd. and Tech Mahindra Ltd. all dropped after reporting earnings.
Saturday: HDFC Bank (HDFCB IN) and ICICI Bank (ICICIBC IN) profit growth is seen limited by thinning margins, as loans typically re-price faster than deposits when interest rates change. HDFC Bank said earlier in July gross advances grew 0.4% on the quarter, trailing deposit growth of 1.8%, as it continues efforts to bring down its loan-deposit ratio. HDFC Bank will also consider issuing bonus shares for the first time. Meanwhile, ICICI Bank is expected to set aside higher provisions as unsecured lending rises, raising asset quality risks, according to Bloomberg Intelligence.
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Monday: Eternal's (ETERNAL IN) first-quarter profit is expected to halve on losses at its quick-commerce business Blinkit. The unit is investing in expanding its 'dark stores' network, where it services quick-commerce orders, and analysts will watch for updated guidance on when profits are expected. Strategic steer on its new 'Going Out' business will equally be in focus.
Tuesday: No major earnings.
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Wednesday: Infosys (INFO IN) could lower or pull its revenue growth guidance as demand for new projects deteriorates amid worsening economic conditions, BI said. Watch for commentary on whether clients are canceling projects, especially in industries hit by US tariffs, Kotak Institutional Equities said.
Thursday: Nidec's (6594 JP) sales would likely be affected by uncertainties in the auto market, as demand for electronic parts and motors slow in Japan, according to BI. Founder Shigenobu Nagamori said the firm's appetite for takeovers remains intact, following its earlier decision to withdraw a $1.8 billion hostile bid for Makino Milling Machine Co.
ADVERTISEMENT - SK Hynix's (000660 KS) second-quarter operating profit likely rose 63%, consensus shows. Margins could reach 45% to 47%, BI said, supported by robust average selling prices for memory chips. Meanwhile DRAM shipments might have risen above its guidance. Seasonal demand could kick up DRAM and NAND shipments in the third quarter, BI added.- Nestle India's (NEST IN) first-quarter earnings may be supported by higher revenue contributions from both its domestic and export segments. The company is expected to be on an improving growth trajectory, Citi said. Watch out for strategic initiatives following a change in leadership.
- Bajaj Finance's (BAF IN) lending growth is expected to slow in keeping with sector peers. Asset quality trends may be softer in the non-banking finance sector as a weaker macro environment has slightly exacerbated usual seasonal weaknesses, according to Jefferies.
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And a new market is emerging for portfolios of BNPL debt, which are securitised and bought up, often by asset managers. The idea of a loan at the point of sale is an old one. In 1856 Isaac Singer and Edward Clark, an entrepreneurial duo, began selling sewing machines in instalments, with great success. The modern industry operates in a similar manner. When a customer buys a product for $100, they can pay in stages. The BNPL lender—perhaps Klarna, a Swedish company, or Affirm, a large American provider—pays the merchant upfront, in exchange for a cut of, say, $3. This works for retailers, since it boosts sales. Customers with access to loans spend at least 20% more relative to those without access, even as the sticker price stays the same. The customer pays back the sum over time, often six weeks, in four instalments and with zero interest. Despite the industry's recent success, there is reason to think it is still in the foothills. Fewer than 2% of Bank of America customers born before 1965 have an outstanding BNPL payment, compared with 10% of the bank's Millennial and Generation Z clients. As younger cohorts come to account for more consumer spending, the market should grow. In countries where BNPL has been around longer, it contributes to more sales: over one in five of those made online in Sweden, against less than one in sixteen in America. Local and regional firms are popping up to offer the service: Addi in Colombia, Atome in Singapore, Tamara in Saudi Arabia. As the industry grows, the borders between BNPL and mainstream finance are blurring. Klarna, an early mover, has been a bank in Europe since 2017. Sebastian Siemiatkowski, the company's co-founder and boss, says he wants it to become a digital financial assistant enabled by artificial intelligence. Affirm launched a debit card two years ago, and has seen uptake soar of late: the firm now reports almost 2m cardholders. Customers can use the cards in shops, either to pay in full or in instalments, bringing a financing method synonymous with e-commerce into the real world. In the past two years, both the BNPL giants have been integrated into Apple's and Google's digital wallets. Established financial firms are moving in the opposite direction. PayPal began offering BNPL services in 2020, capitalising on its strong relationships with merchants. Last year the payments giant processed $33bn in BNPL spending; an amount it says is growing at about 20% a year. Several banks now allow customers to split larger payments into smaller chunks after purchases. And Klarna's recent deals with payments firms such as Adyen, JPMorgan Payments and Stripe mean that its services are now provided to millions of merchants. Several fast-growing startups hope to disrupt trade credit, a vast market in which suppliers lend money to firms that buy their products. 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For BNPL providers, expanding their lending operations as fast as possible means keeping a light balance-sheet. The idea of burrito-securitised bonds may be the subject of mockery, but the relatively opaque market for BNPL portfolios is booming. Asset managers and private investment firms that are snapping up the debt believe they have found an appetising asset class in which underlying assets mature quickly. In October, Elliott Advisors, a British affiliate of a mammoth hedge fund, purchased Klarna's $39bn British loan portfolio. In 2023 KKR, a private-markets giant, agreed to buy as much as $44bn in BNPL debt from PayPal in 2023. Affirm has issued around $12bn in asset-backed securities. One BNPL insider calls the market 'a feeding frenzy", where there is not enough debt to satisfy demand. Some difficult questions linger over the industry, which has ballooned over the past decade—a period without a prolonged downturn. Chief among them is whether it is facilitating risky borrowing by consumers living beyond their means. Customers undoubtedly have lower incomes than those using credit cards. And there have been worrying snippets of news. Klarna's consumer-credit losses rose by 17% year-on-year in the first quarter of this year. Research by the Federal Reserve suggests that the proportion of BNPL users who have made a late payment has climbed from 15% in 2021 to 24% in 2024. All the same, default rates remain markedly lower than other forms of consumer credit. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), a regulator, notes that default rates for BNPL loans were about 2% between 2019 and 2022, compared with 10% for credit-card debt held by similar borrowers. Although Klarna's credit losses have grown in the past year, so have its balances. The company's overall default rate is lower than the industry norm. Could a growing pile of distressed consumer debt be hidden from view, beyond the sight of banks and policymakers? Some lenders worry about loan-stacking (borrowing from multiple sources at once). Such doubling up can cause a downwards spiral, with consumers taking on more and more loans in order to pay off earlier ones. Yet other research by the CFPB offers reassurance. It finds that measures of financial distress—such as revolving debt on credit cards or extra charges on credit-card loans—do not rise after BNPL use. Nor are BNPL users more likely to borrow from other sources in the 18 months after agreeing to pay for something in instalments. In June, FICO, America's main provider of consumer-credit scores, announced it would begin providing scores based on borrowers' BNPL histories. Julie May, an executive at FICO, notes a surprising finding from its year-long study with data from Affirm: for the most frequent borrowers, credit scores were improved or unchanged when BNPL loans are included. Research in Scandinavia finds similarly positive results. Christine Laudenbach of Goethe University Frankfurt and co-authors recently looked at 1m loan applications to an unnamed Nordic bank that makes use of BNPL data. Clients with a history of BNPL use, as well as a strong repayment history, were able to borrow at an average interest rate of 1.4 percentage points below the level suggested by their credit ratings. The final verdict on BNPL will come only in a severe downturn. But although its users are young, and many are new to borrowing, there are reasons for optimism. As the new form of finance becomes increasingly mainstream, it looks safer and more useful than its critics argue. Buy that burrito, and don't let anyone judge you.