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Oarfish found on Dunedin beach 'not a harbinger of doom'

Oarfish found on Dunedin beach 'not a harbinger of doom'

A dead oarfish lies in the sand at Aramoana Beach this week. A recent sighting of the long pelagic fish in Tasmania prompted a flurry of international headlines about the rare ''doomsday'' fish. PHOTO: SHARON CAMPBELL
An oarfish that recently washed up on Dunedin's Aramoana Beach is likely not a "harbinger of doom", but it is "certainly an unusual sight and a special one", the Department of Conservation (Doc) says.
A reader sent the Otago Daily Times photos of one of the rare deep-sea fish after it washed ashore at Aramoana earlier this week.
Sightings of the long, ribbon-like fish often prompt talk of "doomsday fish", or recollections of Japanese folklore, in which sightings of oarfish were believed to be signs of imminent earthquakes or tsunamis.
However, Doc marine species manager Malene Felsing said "as for being a 'harbinger of doom' — that's more myth than marine biology."
"In some cultures, oarfish have been linked to folklore and natural disasters, but there's no scientific evidence to support those beliefs," she said.
"Sometimes these stories resurface because the fish are so rarely seen and have an almost otherworldly appearance."
Dr Felsing said oarfish sightings in New Zealand were "very rare".
The deep-sea fish usually lived at depths of 200m to 1000m, and only seemed to wash up onshore when they were unwell or dying.
"While they're not unheard of in our waters, they're certainly an unusual sight and a special one."
The reader said they found the fish near Bear Rock one June 3.
"I reckon it would have been 3-4 metres long. I don't believe it's a harbinger of doom, and I have never seen one before."
Dr Felsing said temperate and tropical oceans worldwide, including around New Zealand, provided a habitat for the oarfish, but they were more commonly encountered in the northern hemisphere.
"Because they live in such deep water, they're rarely seen alive, which adds to their mystery and appeal."
Doc typically did not get involved in strandings of deep-sea fish such as oarfish, unless there was some sort of risk posed to people or other species.
"However, they are fascinating specimens, and any sighting is a great opportunity to learn more about our marine biodiversity."
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Our Changing World: Protecting 'Jaws'
Our Changing World: Protecting 'Jaws'

RNZ News

timea day ago

  • RNZ News

Our Changing World: Protecting 'Jaws'

By Karthic SS for Our Changing World Checking traps for the lowland longjaw galaxias. Photo: Karthic SS Tiny, rare and under the radar. Just a few streams in Twizel, in the upper Waitaki catchment, are home to one of New Zealand's rarest fish: the lowland longjaw galaxias. Follow Our Changing World on Apple , Spotify , iHeartRadio or wherever you listen to your podcasts "If you look closely, you can see the lower jaw is longer than the upper jaw - sort of like a bulldog... We affectionately call them 'Jaws'," says Department of Conservation senior ranger for biodiversity Dean Nelson. Unlike their namesake, these 'Jaws' are tiny, growing up to just eight centimetres. Dean has been working to protect these small, brown-speckled fish for more than two decades in Twizel. "They get under your skin a bit, you really get wound up about them. They've become my big passion these days," he says. Dean Nelson checking traps. Photo: Karthic SS There are two genetically distinct lowland longjaw populations: one in the Upper Waitaki catchment and the other in the Kauru Kakanui river in Otago. "They are treated as different species, but both are called lowland longjaws," says Dean. Lowland longjaws are related to whitebait. Both are part of a family called Galaxiidae. This family of fishes is named for the gold flecks on their backs that resemble a starry galaxy pattern. But there's one big difference. The whitebait species are migratory: adults migrate to the coast to spawn, and their young swim back upstream, where they are caught as whitebait. Lowland longjaw galaxias. Photo: Dean Nelson In contrast, lowland longjaw galaxias are homebodies. They are non-migratory, spending all their lives in the same gravely stream they hatch in. New Zealand is home to 12 species of non-migratory galaxiids, plus 13 groups that are yet to be formally described and confirmed as a species. All of them have been classified to be 'at risk' or 'threatened', as most of the populations are fragmented and prone to local extinctions. Lowland longjaw galaxias (the smaller fish, on the left). Photo: Karthic SS The Waitaki lowland longjaws are 'nationally endangered', which means they are at risk of extinction in the short term. Just seven known populations remain. They face various threats such as invasive plants, land use changes, and introduced trout. Brown and rainbow trout from the northern hemisphere were released into the rivers of Aotearoa in the mid-to-late 19th century for sports fishing. They are one of the main threats to the lowland longjaw galaxias. A brown trout eating a bignose galaxias. Photo: Dean Nelson Trout can move through river systems, and when they get into streams and tributaries, they feed on native fish like the longjaw and other non-migratory galaxiids, causing a dramatic decline in their numbers. At a field site near Twizel, Dean has witnessed this decline himself. "We knew trout were here in Fraser Stream and hadn't done anything about it, and in 2009 we suddenly found that we were only getting a handful of fish. "I think we caught 12 lowland longjaw and 25 bignose galaxiids in the stream. And we went, 'Uh oh, that's no good!' So we put a barrier in. That was our first barrier, and we've since modified it and changed it." Fraser Stream landscape barrier. Photo: Karthic SS Martha Jolly, a PhD Candidate at the University of Canterbury, is studying how these artificial barriers and other interventions can help turn things around for the lowland longjaw. "It's quite similar to fenced reserves in terrestrial conservation, where you might put a fence around a precious species and do predator removal to protect that species." The barriers are designed to keep trout out of the habitat by creating a drop they can't jump. There are now 12 built barriers in the upper Waitaki catchment. The barrier at the Waterwheel Wetland. Photo: Martha Jolly "Some of our galaxias species just really cannot co-occur with trout. They tend to get predated on, and end up going extinct pretty quickly. "Nobody is saying that we want to get rid of trout from our waterways at all. And what we're finding with the non-migratory galaxiid habitat is that actually it's tiny fragments, which isn't ideal for trout fishery, anyway. "There's plenty of room for everybody. There are just some habitats where these introduced sports fish are really not helpful, and have a negative impact on our native fish." Flood over the trout barrier at Fraser Stream, August 2022. Photo: Dean Nelson Frequent monitoring of streams is crucial. Extreme weather events can result in floods that flow over the top of barrier, meaning trout get back into longjaw habitat. Both Martha and Dean believe that the barriers alone might not be enough, and in the future, they might have to consider other conservation efforts. In the meantime, Dean says, they are using environmental DNA to help them search for more tiny 'Jaws'. "I still hold hope that one day we'll find another population that we didn't know about that's surviving somewhere." Sign up to the Our Changing World monthly newsletter for episode backstories, science analysis and more.

In the spirit of Thor Heyerdahl and Kon-Tiki, Japanese researchers built a canoe to follow another ancient route
In the spirit of Thor Heyerdahl and Kon-Tiki, Japanese researchers built a canoe to follow another ancient route

NZ Herald

time5 days ago

  • NZ Herald

In the spirit of Thor Heyerdahl and Kon-Tiki, Japanese researchers built a canoe to follow another ancient route

Two new studies published yesterday in the academic journal Science presented the results of those experiments. In one report, advanced ocean models recreated hundreds of virtual voyages to pinpoint the most plausible routes for the crossing. 'We tested various seasons, starting points and paddling methods under both modern and prehistoric conditions,' Kaifu said. The other paper charts the 45-hour journey that Kaifu's crew made from eastern Taiwan to Yonaguni Island in the southern Ryukyus. The mariners, four men and one woman, paddled the 7.6m canoe, a hollowed-out cedar log christened Sugime, for 122 nautical miles on the open sea, relying solely on the stars, sun, and wind for their bearings. Often, they could not see their target island. 'Yosuke Kaifu's team has found the most likely answer to the migration question,' said Peter Bellwood, an archaeologist at the Australian National University who was not involved in the undertaking. Dawn, on the second morning of the voyage in 2019. Photo / Yosuke Kaifu via the New York Times Such a crossing between islands, he said, would have been one of the oldest, and among the longest, in the history of Homo sapiens up to that period, exceeded only by the migration to Australia from eastern Indonesia some 50,000 years ago. Early humans most likely used land bridges and watercraft to travel from mainland Asia to the Japanese archipelago. Three main paths had been proposed: Korea to Kyushu, Russia to Hokkaido, and Taiwan to Okinawa. Relics from six islands within the 1210km Ryukyu chain indicate that people migrated there between 35,000 and 30,000 years ago, arriving from both the north, via Kyushu, and the south, via Taiwan. 'The islands were always located at least 50 miles [80km] from the East Asian coastline, even during the last ice age with its low sea levels, and up to 110 miles [177km] apart from each other,' Bellwood said. Geologic records suggest that the Kuroshio, also known as the Black Stream, has remained stable for 100,000 years or more. Kaifu got the idea for the migration project in 2013, but lacked the funds to make it happen. Three years later, he persuaded Japan's National Museum of Science and Nature, where he worked as a researcher, to act as a sponsor. Financed largely by crowdfunding and counselled by sea kayakers, his team attempted the 40-nautical-mile route from the Yonaguni to the Iriomote islands in boats made from cattail reeds. The attempt was unsuccessful. The vessels proved stable but were too slow to handle the strong currents. In 2017, with the support of Taiwan's National Museum of Prehistory, the scientists toyed with rafts made of bamboo and rattan. A prototype was durable but, as was the case with the reed crafts, not fast enough to negotiate the Kuroshio. A second, lighter version was prone to cracking and did not last long in the high seas. After calculating that crossing the Kuroshio would require a speed of at least 2 nautical miles per hour, Kaifu searched for heavier materials. A canoe, christened Sugime, was cut and hollowed from a cedar tree using an edge-ground stone axe with a wooden handle. Photo / National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, via the New York Times A large Japanese cedar was felled and carved using stone axes modelled after tools from about 28,000 BC. 'The idea was to replicate the canoe-building methods that prehistoric seafarers may have used,' Kaifu said. Six summers ago, the Sugime set off from Taiwan. This time, the voyage was a success. Kaifu does not believe a return journey would have been possible. 'If you have a map and know the flow pattern of the Kuroshio, you can plan your return,' he said. 'But such things probably did not take place until much later in history.' Did the ancient mariners reach the Ryukus by accident or through deliberate navigation? Kaifu noted that the islands could be spied from the top of one of Taiwan's coastal mountains, indicating intentional travel. To test this, his team set 138 satellite-tracked buoys adrift and found that only four came within 20km of any of the islands, and those had been driven by storms. 'What that tells us is that the Kuroshio directs drifters away from, rather than toward, the Ryukyu Islands,' Kaifu said. 'It also tells us that those male and female pioneers must have been experienced paddlers with effective strategies and a strong will to brave the unknown.' In his view, the Japanese islanders of antiquity were not mere passengers of chance, but die-hard explorers. This article originally appeared in The New York Times. Written by: Franz Lidz Photographs by: National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, and Yousuke Kaifu ©2025 THE NEW YORK TIMES

University Of Auckland's Key Role In Global Fight To Tackle TB
University Of Auckland's Key Role In Global Fight To Tackle TB

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University Of Auckland's Key Role In Global Fight To Tackle TB

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