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Straits Times
40 minutes ago
- Straits Times
Russia is gaining ground in Ukraine, but can its economy keep pace?
Analysts say Russia wants to methodically destroy the Ukrainian military, as Moscow slowly advances its own troops. KYIV - Russia's summer offensive in Ukraine is gaining ground as its forces attack on multiple fronts. In June, the country's numerical advantages in troops and air power produced its biggest monthly gains in territory since the beginning of the year. Russia's aims are not simply territorial. Analysts say it wants to methodically destroy the Ukrainian military, as Moscow slowly advances its own troops. The biggest challenge for Moscow may be far from the front lines, as the Russian economy can no longer keep pace with escalating military spending. For Ukraine, its ability to sustain the war may also be decided far away, as the Trump administration sends mixed signals about its desire and ability to continue arming Kyiv's forces. Earlier in July, President Donald Trump said that Nato countries would buy weapons from the United States to give to Ukraine. The ground war Over the past two months, Russian units have been able to step up their attacks on multiple fronts, from Ukraine's Sumy region in the north to the steppes of Zaporizhzhia in the south. Russia now controls more than two-thirds of Ukraine's Donetsk region – the main theatre of the ground war. Russian forces have carved out a 10-mile-deep pocket around the Ukrainian troops defending the crucial city of Kostiantynivka, partly surrounding them from the east, south and west. Russia has also entered the Dnipropetrovsk region of eastern Ukraine for the first time in more than three years of war. Ukrainian soldiers say the Russian army uses two main tactics to advance on the battlefield: pinning down Ukrainian troops with drones, shells and glide bombs before attacking enemy lines with relentless squad assaults. Top stories Swipe. Select. Stay informed. Singapore Tampines regional centre set to get more homes, offices and public amenities Multimedia How to make the most out of small homes in Singapore Life US tech CEO Andy Byron resigns after viral Coldplay 'kiss cam' video Asia From toy to threat: 'Killer kites' bring chaos to Indonesian airspace Opinion I thought I was a 'chill' parent. Then came P1 registration Singapore 'God and government are the only things beyond our control,' says Group CEO Business Me and My Money: He overcomes a $100k setback to build a thriving online tuition business Asia At least 34 killed as tourist boat capsizes in Vietnam's Halong Bay Ukraine responds by sending experienced, drone-equipped units to help plug the gaps, a tactic that has been compared to sending firefighters to contain flare-ups. But Russia's relentless attacks are placing a strain on Ukraine's outmanned army. Those attacks helped Russia make its largest territorial gains of the year in June. According to Deep State, a Ukrainian group that maps the conflict using drone footage and its links with the Ukrainian military, Russia gained more than 214 square miles of Ukrainian territory in June, up from 173 square miles in May. Putting those gains in context, Russia is capturing less than 0.1 per cent of Ukraine's vast territory each month. At that pace, it would take Moscow several years to occupy all of the four Ukrainian regions it declared annexed in 2022. The air war Away from the front lines, Russia has been increasing the toll it inflicts on the Ukrainian population at large by pummeling the country with mass-produced exploding drones. Over the past weeks, Russia has been setting records on the number of drones it sends into Ukraine. Russia recently launched 728 exploding drones and decoys in one nightly barrage, according to Ukraine's air force. As Russia builds up its drone-making infrastructure, military analysts expect Moscow to routinely launch more than 1,000 drones per volley by autumn. Kyiv was the main target earlier this month of an intense overnight bombardment, which killed at least two people and wounded 25 others, according to local officials. The Russian barrages also include cruise missiles and ballistic missiles. Ukraine has a variety of air-defence systems – including improvised systems like fishing nets to snare drones – but the ballistic missiles can be shot down by only one air-defence system in Ukraine's arsenal: American Patriot missiles. But after a series of reversals by the Trump administration – which paused military aid and then agreed to sell weapons to European allies, which will then give them to Ukraine – Ukrainians are hopeful but cautious about whether they can count on US military support. Officials in Nato countries have proposed a plan where the Trump administration could sell weapons to its allies, which would then give them to Ukraine. That would be a financial windfall for the United States, and could also shield Mr Trump from accusations of direct involvement in the war. Last week, Mr Trump said he intended to adopt that strategy. Russia's goals Russia is not only seeking to win new territory in Ukraine. 'Its goal is to destroy Ukraine's military potential, its army,' Mr Valery Shiryaev, an independent Russian military analyst, said in an interview with Redaktsiya, an independent Russian news channel. 'If there is no army – the state would be defenceless.' The Kremlin has repeatedly said that it would continue pressing on in Ukraine until it can coerce Kyiv into accepting Moscow's peace terms. Russia has demanded that Ukraine recognize Russian territorial gains, shrink its military, designate Russian as an official language in Ukraine and formally commit to Ukrainian neutrality, which would rule out joining Nato. These demands are considered completely unacceptable by Ukraine's political leadership and its citizens. The Russian economy Analysts say that Russia may be spending unsustainable sums to fund the war, fuelling inflation, even as its oil and gas industry suffers from low energy prices, caused in part by Trump's tariffs. Oil exports finance about a third of Russia's total federal budget. At the end of June, President Vladimir Putin said that Russia was spending 6.3 per cent of its gross domestic product, or US$172.5 billion (S$221 billion), on its military, which was 'a lot' and that the country had 'paid for it with inflation.' The country's central bank set interest rates at 20 per cent to keep prices in check. 'We are planning to cut the defence expenses next year and the year after, as well during the next three years,' Mr Putin said. If he follows this plan and Russia reduces military spending, its ability to wage war will inevitably suffer. M.M.I., a leading Russian news outlet on Telegram dedicated to the economy, called the situation with the country's budget a 'catastrophe.' Spurred by record-high military expenditures, Russia's budget deficit has reached US$47 billion over the first half of the year. Because of lower prices, oil and gas revenues have dropped by more than 16 per cent, the country's Finance Ministry said. Casualties After releasing a few official death tolls early in the war, Russia stopped publishing any information about its losses. But teams of researchers and experts have sifted through publicly available data, like obituaries and inheritance records, to identify and verify casualties. To date, they have confirmed more than 115,000 deaths in the Russian military. A study in June found that nearly 1 million Russian troops had been killed or wounded in the war. According to Mr Dmitri Kuznets, a military analyst with the Russian news outlet Meduza, which was outlawed by the Kremlin and operates from Latvia, both Ukraine and Russia are now losing between 250 and 300 service members each day, based on available data. In 2025, Russia has still been able to attract an average of about 30,000 new service members per month, according to government statements and an analysis of budgetary data conducted by Dr Janis Kluge, a researcher at the German Institute for International and Security Affairs. But it was able to do so only by spending lavishly on its military, offering outsize sign-up bonuses and salaries. 'Both sides have devoted last year to increase sustainability – so that they could continue fighting no matter what happens,' Mr Kuznets said. NYTIMES
Straits Times
4 hours ago
- Straits Times
While You Were Sleeping: 5 stories you might have missed, July 20, 2025
Mourners react next to a body at Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City, on July 19. At least 36 killed by Israeli fire while seeking aid in Gaza At least 36 people were killed by Israeli fire while they were on their way to an aid distribution site in Gaza at dawn on July 19, according to the Gaza Health Ministry and Nasser Hospital in Khan Younis. The Israeli military said it had fired warning shots at suspects who approached its troops after they did not heed calls to stop, about a kilometre away from an aid distribution site that was not active at the time. Gaza resident Mohammed al-Khalidi said he was in the group approaching the site and heard no warnings before the firing began. "We thought they came out to organise us so we can get aid, suddenly (I) saw the jeeps coming from one side, and the tanks from the other and started shooting at us," he said. READ MORE HERE Druze regain control of Sweida city after Syria announces ceasefire Druze fighters pushed out rival armed factions from Syria's southern city of Sweida on July 19, a monitor said, after the government ordered a ceasefire following a US-brokered deal to avert further Israeli military intervention. Fighting nonetheless persisted in other parts of Sweida province, even as the Druze regained control of their city following days of fierce battle with armed Bedouin supported by tribal gunmen from other parts of Syria. Top stories Swipe. Select. Stay informed. Singapore Tampines regional centre set to get more homes, offices and public amenities Singapore AI system developed in Singapore could help predict liver cancer recurrence Life US tech CEO in viral Coldplay 'kiss cam' video resigns Asia From toy to threat: 'Killer kites' bring chaos to Indonesian airspace Opinion I thought I was a 'chill' parent. Then came P1 registration Singapore 'God and government are the only things beyond our control,' says Group CEO Business Me and My Money: He overcomes a $100k setback to build a thriving online tuition business Asia At least 34 killed as tourist boat capsizes in Vietnam's Halong Bay The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitor said that 'tribal fighters withdrew from Sweida city on Saturday evening' after Druze fighters launched a large-scale attack. READ MORE HERE South Korea pulls plane crash report after victims' families protest PHOTO: CHANG W. LEE/NYTIMES South Korean officials on July 19 abruptly cancelled the release of an intermediate report into the deadly crash of a Jeju Air passenger jet, after relatives of the victims disrupted a news conference, saying that the report was inadequate. The confrontational scene unfolded after officials had earlier briefed the families privately on the latest stage of the investigation. The officials were planning to publicly release some findings from an analysis of the engines on the Boeing 737-800 that crashed Dec 29, killing 179 of the 181 people on board. A lawyer for the relatives, who saw the officials' presentation in the private meeting, said the investigators had found no fault with the engines and instead appeared to blame birds – which struck the engines minutes before it made an emergency landing – and the plane's pilots prematurely. READ MORE HERE Ukraine proposes fresh peace talks with Russia next week PHOTO: AFP Kyiv has proposed to Moscow a new round of peace talks next week, Ukraine's President Volodymyr Zelensky said on July 19, hours after Russian strikes across Ukraine claimed more lives. Two rounds of talks in Istanbul between Moscow and Kyiv have failed to result in any progress towards a ceasefire, instead yielding large-scale prisoner exchanges and deals to return the bodies of killed soldiers. 'Security Council Secretary Umerov also reported that he had proposed the next meeting with the Russian side for next week,' Mr Zelensky said in his evening address. 'The momentum of the negotiations must be stepped up,' he added. READ MORE HERE Olympic champion Zheng pauses WTA Tour after elbow surgery Olympic champion Zheng Qinwen said on July 19 she would take a short break from the WTA Tour after undergoing elbow surgery. The 22-year-old Chinese player was eliminated from this year's Wimbledon tournament in the first round by Czech Katerina Siniakova earlier in July. "Now begins the recovery journey," she wrote on Instagram. "Over the next few weeks and months, I'll be focusing entirely on rehab — doing everything I can to come back stronger and healthier."
CNA
7 hours ago
- CNA
Trump insists Iran nuclear sites destroyed amid reports some survived
WASHINGTON: US President Donald Trump on Saturday (Jul 19) insisted that the US bombing of Iranian nuclear facilities "completely destroyed" the sites after a report said that some had largely survived. On his Truth Social platform, Trump reiterated his frequent claim that "all three nuclear sites in Iran were completely destroyed and/or OBLITERATED." He said it would "take years to bring them back into service and, if Iran wanted to do so, they would be much better off starting anew, in three different locations." US HIT IRAN'S NUCLEAR SITES IN JUNE US bomb and missile attacks struck Iran's controversial nuclear program on June 22, hitting the uranium enrichment facility at Fordo, south of Tehran, as well as nuclear sites in Isfahan and Natanz. The bombings, carried out at the same time as an Israeli campaign against Iranian nuclear and military infrastructure, were billed by Washington as a knockout blow to a years-long covert effort to build nuclear weapons. Iran insists it has not tried to weaponise its civilian nuclear power program. LEAKED INTEL SAYS ONLY 1 OF 3 SITES DESTROYED Despite Trump's claims of total success, several US media outlets have reported leaked intelligence suggesting a hazier picture. The latest to cast doubt was an NBC News report Friday, quoting a military damage assessment that only one of the three sites was mostly destroyed. Two other sites were deemed to be repairable and potentially able to resume uranium enrichment activities within "the next several months," NBC reported, citing five current and former US officials aware of the assessment. NBC also reported that the Pentagon had prepared an option to inflict far greater damage on Iran's facilities through a bombing campaign that would have lasted several weeks -- not the one-night operation chosen by Trump.
