
Dictator Franco's head replica rolls on football pitch in Spanish art festival
The performance formed part of the Ex Abrupto festival near the town of Moia, about 60 km (37 miles) north of Barcelona, where intense fighting occurred in 1939 during the Spanish Civil War.
A representative from the U.S. collective INDECLINE, who did not want to be identified, said the act aimed to remind people about the history of fascism in Europe and the risks posed by the rise of the far right in many countries in Europe and the United States.
"Without addressing these issues and addressing history you don't really have a context of what you are really walking into," he said.
Franco ruled Spain with an iron fist for almost four decades until his death in 1975 after his fascist forces defeated the leftist Republicans in the 1936-39 Civil War.
Artist Eugenio Merino, 50, who created the rubber replica, said the game he had dubbed "Kick Franco's Head" was to mark the 50th anniversary since the dictator's death.
Merino has previously used Franco's likeness as a punching bag or has displayed it in a fridge. Those works from the early 2010s led to several defamation lawsuits against him, but the courts threw them out in 2015.
The short game, played by 22 performers, featured frequent shouts of "No pasaran!" – a Republican slogan meaning "they (fascists) will not pass".
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Daily Mail
39 minutes ago
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BBC News
an hour ago
- BBC News
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Romance in Berlin nightclubs By the end of the Victorian period, social etiquette was beginning to relax, and daters found new places to seek partners. Dancehalls played increasingly upbeat music late into the night. Jaunty ragtime dances gave way to jazz in the 20th Century. It became more socially acceptable for single women to go to bars and clubs with friends and meet people there. With new dating spaces came new ways to signal interest. Around this time, in the 1920s, Berlin became the poster city for ultra-modern night life. Some Berlin clubs were "immense, multi-level, with movable floors and even water for water ballet shows," says Jennifer Evans, a professor of 20th Century social history at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada, and author of Life Among the Ruins: Cityscape and Sexuality in Cold War Berlin. Technology of the time enabled dancers to flirt in busy clubs. The Berlin nightclub Residenz-Casino, known familiarly as the Resi, became famous for offering night-clubbers the means to contact each other using either a telephone or an elaborate system of pneumatic tubes from their table. Like the tubes used in internal office mailing systems, department stores and banks to send money from the shop floor to the back office, a message could be stuck inside a metal canister and pushed into a tube, where it was sucked by a vacuum to its destination. Someone could write a message on paper and send it to a switchboard, where an operator would read to ensure it was polite (a bit like, an early example of content moderation on social media today) before diverting it to the recipient's table. Alongside messages, gifts "from cigarettes to small trinkets to cocaine" could be bought and sent to the intended love interest, says Evans. "There must have been something quite scintillating about seeing your person across the room as they received the message, hidden in plain sight," says Evans. "Their reactions, positive or negative, immediate and unfiltered, enhanced by the sense of fun and frivolity in the room. Maybe we should bring them back." The outbreak of World War Two in 1939 spelled the end of this form of social interaction, she says, but some nightclub communication systems lived on in what would become West Berlin after the war. The Resi itself re-opened in 1951. "I suppose we are constantly re-inventing ways to talk to one another, expressing our desires, in these demi-monde [fringe or clandestine] spaces,' says Evans. "It seems to say a lot about who we are as humans and how badly we seek connection." Secret signals in LGBTQ+ culture Same-sex relationships have long had to rely on alternative modes of communication because of the history of oppression and marginalisation that has targeted people in LGBTQ+ communities. Historically, secret signals allowed LGBTQ+ people to find partners while trying to stay safe from hostility, violence and repressive laws. Same-sex relationships were illegal in much of Europe until the 1960s and 70s, and 2000s in the US. The green carnation, for example, originally became popular as a symbol with a hidden meaning by gay writer Oscar Wilde. In 1892, Wilde instructed a handful of his friends to wear them on their lapels for the opening night of his play Lady Windermere's Fan. When asked what it meant, Wilde (allegedly) said, "Nothing whatsoever. But that is just what nobody will guess." "This sums up so many of these queer symbols – they have to be hidden hints and nods without overtly saying what they mean," says Sarah Prager, speaker and author of Queer, There and Everywhere: 27 People Who Changed the World and other books about LGBTQ+ history. "This can be a challenge for historians," adds Prager. "There might never be full confirmation or separation from legend with some of these symbols, because the whole point is to be able to communicate in secret in times of oppression." Other flowers and plants became associated with the LGBTQ+ community. "Besides the green carnation, one of the oldest examples of queer floriography is violet and lavender. [...] The colours purple, lavender [and] violet, have all been associated with queerness for centuries," says Prager. "We think this dates back to Sappho, the Greek poet of the 6th Century BCE, [who] wrote about women loving other women and is one of the earliest recorded examples of queerness between women." Jewellery has long been used as a visual expression and communicator of sexual identity in queer communities. "I have tattoos, earrings, clothing, that signal my queerness so that it makes it easier for me to feel in community with people," Prager says. "The feeling that I get when I see somebody else showing one of these symbols is an instant recognition of community, safety, kinship." Through the musical and sexual liberation of the Swinging '60s and '70s, queer culture found a new voice. There were increasingly spaces for the LGBTQ+ community to seek love. In Germany, "gay men used the Contacts Desired pages of magazines like Der Kreis and the later gay magazines like Him," says Jennifer Evans. "There, they'd advertise for 'friendship' or companionship... or sometimes, more brazenly for photo exchanges." The test of time The desire to see a sweetheart's likeness, and playfully connect through coded gestures and implied meaning, has continued to the present day – whether through dating app profiles, curated online presences, pings, likes, swipes and compliments. "There's a long history to secret writing, long before sexting or slipping into someone's DMs as they say," says Evans. She points out that flirting and the early stages of courtship have long been associated with the development of new technologies that allow people to communicate hidden thoughts and feelings, even in plain sight: "From symbols like a coloured handkerchief hanging from a back jean pocket in gay cruising, to shorthand emojis and acronyms in sexting." Sometimes, she adds, this furtiveness serves a purpose in keeping people safe – such as when being public about engaging in certain sexual practices could put one in danger. But more generally, she says, it is the sheer thrill of developing shared intimacies. Codes, rituals and carefully composed images are all "part of the game". -- For more science, technology, environment and health stories from the BBC, follow us on Facebook, X and Instagram.


Telegraph
3 hours ago
- Telegraph
Chelsea and Aston Villa being fined while Crystal Palace are banned would be a mockery
Like Chelsea, the sanction for Aston Villa, in the Europa League next season, also saw most of the sanction suspended. Villa, who have chafed against the Premier League financial controls, were fined €11 million for similar offences on a lesser scale. Barcelona, a club still in breach of La Liga FFP over a missing €100 million in VIP seats sales in a stadium as yet unbuilt, were given a €60 million Uefa fine with €45 million suspended. Meanwhile, Lyon visited the last-chance saloon for what felt like the fifth time in the last few months. The French club were fined €12.5 million with a further €40 million suspended. Targets have been set for Lyon's trading this coming season. Uefa has stipulated that €60 million must be injected into the club by July 15 and converted into equity within four months. L'Équipe, the French newspaper, has reported this week that the DNCG is minded to rule that Lyon must raise €100 million now and a further €100 million by the end of the season to avoid relegation. With Textor now off the board and the US investor Michele Kang the new chair of the club, that may or may not be possible. But either way, the question presents itself anew. How many chances will Lyon get? Lyon could take a Europa League place at the expense of Palace on the actions of a man who never had decisive influence at the Premier League club, and by now does not even own a chair leg at Selhurst Park. Yet if regulation exists for any reason then it is surely to stop the kind of financial collapse that seems to be unfolding at Lyon, not punish well-run clubs like Palace. Palace's principals, chairman Steve Parish and his US investors David Blitzer and Josh Harris, control the club – but not Textor. They could not force him to comply with the Uefa requirement to place his shares in a blind trust by the March deadline on the off-chance Palace would win the FA Cup. Especially not given that Textor was in the process of selling that stake. The Palace stake was held in Textor's investment vehicle Eagle Football, of which he owns 50 per cent. Which, when he still owned it, would place his personal control of Palace at less than the 30 per cent determined to constitute decisive influence. Palace now have no connection with Textor Textor never ran Palace. The two clubs shared no recruitment staff or data, much less players. Just one trade between the two clubs in all that time – the €1 million sale of Jake O'Brien to Lyon in 2024. One of the current legal cases against Textor is that brought by Bruno Lage, who managed another Eagle Football club, Botafogo. When he sacked Lage, Textor is alleged to have promised him the Palace job which he could ultimately not deliver, for reasons that should now be clear. Lage, now Benfica manager, is suing Textor in the High Court. Eagle Football has said it will vigorously defend its position and indicated it is open to settlement talks with Lage. If anything might indicate to Uefa that Textor never had decisive influence at Palace, then it might be the Lage case. Indeed, as Lyon owner he traded more with Nottingham Forest than he ever did with Palace. Forest's sale of Moussa Niakhaté last year and then the loan and sale of Orel Mangala were useful disposals for the Premier League club. The Brazilian Igor Jesus moved in the opposite direction on Saturday. Forest will inherit Palace's place in the Europa League should Uefa expel the latter. Forest owner Evangelos Marinakis also had to go through the Uefa blind trust procedure for MCO when it looked like Forest might make the Champions League as well as his Greek champions Olympiakos. As with every MCO which undertakes the process, from City Football Group, to Ineos at Manchester United, it is a legal tick-box that appeases Uefa. Does it make any difference when it comes to the reality of ownership? What is not in doubt is that as of July 6, 81 days before the first Europa League first league-stage matchday round, Palace have no connection with Textor – the former investor who never called the shots. Yet at other clubs where rules are accepted to have been broken the picture is different. Deals are being cut, fines are being suspended, targets for improvement are being set. Palace missed one arbitrary deadline – a requirement that was out of the club's control to fulfil over a supposed MCO overlap that no longer exists. Yet it is Palace who are faced with losing that European place they fought so hard to secure – while others get chance after chance.