
Scotland 'needs long-term action' to solve housing emergency
And whilst this recognition is welcome, particularly for a sector which has for years gone into most fiscal or policy announcements bracing itself for challenges, it must be followed by long-term action.
Not least because, while housing associations and co-operatives are not for profit and have a social purpose, they are still businesses, with all the needs for predictability and certainty every business has.
They operate on 30-year business models with their only income coming from rents. This not only funds management and maintenance, but also the vital wraparound services which support tenants to stay in their homes, whether that's energy advice, help with employment or signposting to health provision.
In the last two Scottish Budgets we've seen the grant funding available for social housing first cut by £196million for 2024-2025 and then reversed by an uplift of £212m for 2025-2026. While this is welcome, few businesses can experience such unpredictability and volatility without consequences, let alone social purpose businesses tasked with putting a roof over people's heads.
Building homes is a lengthy process which requires time, planning and significant upfront investment. It's not something which can be scaled up overnight in response to changing budgets or be planned most efficiently and effectively with annual budgets.
And it's crucial we remember why building social homes matters. Last year the Scottish Government declared a national housing emergency amid record homelessness and around 250,000 people on social housing waiting lists.
We cannot end an emergency with short-termism. What we need to see is consensus across the political spectrum recognising our social homes as critical infrastructure. A warm, secure, affordable home for everyone being as important to the country as transport, energy networks, the health system and policing.
The Scottish Government has an opportunity following the Spending Review to provide our housing associations with a multi-year funding settlement to get Scotland building and achieve the goal of a warm, secure, affordable home for the thousands who need one.
At the Scottish Federation of Housing Associations (SFHA) Annual Conference in Glasgow last month, the First Minister indicated his willingness to look at a long-term funding package if a similar announcement was made in England.
Given the Chancellor's announcement of £39bn for housing in England over 10 years, SFHA expects the Scottish Government to use consequentials from the Barnett Formula to introduce an increased long-term settlement here in Scotland.
The importance of this government grant to housing associations cannot be overstated. Most importantly, it keeps rent levels truly affordable. Rents for social homes typically average half the amount of the private rented sector, and research shows that 20,000 children are kept out of poverty by living in a social home rather than a private rented home.
In the last parliament, the government grant in Scotland was £3.5bn and housing associations more than doubled this through private borrowing to £7.3bn. As well as keeping rents affordable, government investment gives private finance lenders strong confidence in the sector.
It is a delicate balancing act. In Scotland the government grant is still around 50%, but any changes to the ratio– as seen in England where grant has been as low as 15% in recent years – risks pushing rents up and adversely affecting private lending confidence.
An important piece of this puzzle is Mid-Market Rent (MMR): a form of affordable rented housing which offers rents below market rates and is generally used by younger individuals and couples.
The Scottish Government's Housing Bill, which is currently going through parliament, has proposed including these MMR homes in plans for private sector rent controls, something providers say would make development of these homes unviable. The last thing the housing sector needs is anymore uncertainty, so it's incumbent on the Scottish Government to exempt MMR from rent controls and give the sector stability.
We need a housing system which is a level playing field, offering choice between social homes, the private rented sector and home ownership according to the different needs people have at different times in their lives.
There is room for all, but one-size does not fit all. Choice according to need is vital if we are to achieve a re-balanced and mature housing system which delivers from generation to generation, according to need and aspiration, reinvesting the money in more homes. One which housing is seen as national infrastructure, providing a service and is not a commodity accessible to some but denied to many others.
Housing is fundamental to so many of the defining challenges of our time and policymakers must recognise it as critical infrastructure and the bedrock to all our lives it so evidently is. That must begin with a long-term funding plan.
Sally Thomas is the Chief Executive of the Scottish Federation of Housing Associations (SFHA) who represent Scotland's housing associations and co-operatives
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