UK to hold inquiry into miners strike ‘Battle of Orgreave' four decades on
More than 5,000 striking miners clashed with a similar number of riot police who had been drafted in from across the country at the Orgreave coking plant near Sheffield in northern England.
It was one of the most violent scenes witnessed during a British industrial dispute, and also a pivotal moment in the strike, launched against Thatcher's moves to close money-losing pits. The miners ultimately lost the broader fight to save their industry.
The police have long faced accusations of brutality and using excessive violence at Orgreave on June 18, 1984. TV footage showed charges by officers on horseback and one miner being repeatedly struck on the head with a baton.
More than 120 people were injured and 95 miners initially arrested and charged with riot and violent disorder. Those charges were all later dropped after the evidence was dismissed.
Campaigners have for years demanded to know who was responsible for the deployment of the large number of police and their tactics, as well as what happened to some official documents.
Home Secretary Yvette Cooper — Britain's interior minister whose Labour party was in opposition at the time of the strike — said an inquiry headed by Pete Wilcox, the Bishop of Sheffield, would be held to find out the truth.
'The violent scenes and subsequent prosecutions raised concerns that have been left unanswered for decades, and we must now establish what happened,' she said.
Kate Flannery, the Orgreave Truth & Justice Campaign Secretary, said they needed to be sure that the inquiry had the powers to have unrestricted access to all government and police papers.
'We have waited a long time for this day and this is really positive news,' she said.
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Al Arabiya
11 hours ago
- Al Arabiya
UK ninja sword ban begins as 1,000 weapons surrendered in knife crime crackdown
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Arab News
14 hours ago
- Arab News
Musk boosts fortunes of hard-right figures in Europe on X, AP analysis finds
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Before winning a surprise seat in the European Parliament, where he's advocated for Musk, the influencer seemed to have one ambition: to hug the world's richest man. He got his hug — and political endorsements. On days Musk has interacted with his account on X, the man's audience exploded from just over 300,000 to nearly 10 million views. Elon Musk may have tumbled from political grace in Washington — he stepped down as an adviser to President Donald Trump in May and has since traded insults with the president — but as he works to build his own political party, his power on X his power remains unchecked. Musk's influence on the platform he bought for $44 billion has made him a kingmaker at home and abroad. Among those he has chosen to cultivate are hard-right politicians and insurgent influencers across Europe, according to an Associated Press analysis of public data. 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The AP used the records, obtained from data provider Bright Data, to analyze how Musk's account interacted with the European influencers, and vice versa, and the extent to which Musk's engagement boosted their reach. These case studies are not meant to be representative of a broad universe; rather, they showcase the ways in which Musk's engagement can have an impact on local influencers who share his views. Due to limitations on data collection, the dataset is not a complete record of all posts made by these accounts. Even so, it captured at least 920 instances in which one of the European accounts tagged, replied or otherwise attempted to interact with Musk's account, and at nearly 190 instances where Musk's own posts interacted with the Europeans. The AP also analyzed records of daily follower counts, using data from Social Blade, to measure any growth in the European accounts' audience that occurred in the wake of Musk's online interactions. 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Others examined by AP were an influencer known as the 'shieldmaiden of the far-right;' a German activist dubbed the 'anti-Greta Thunberg' now living in what amounts to political exile in Washington, D.C.; and two politicians who have advocated for the interests of Musk's companies as those firms seek to expand in Europe. AP's analysis shows how Musk is helping unite nationalists across borders in common cause to halt migration, overturn progressive policies and promote an absolutist vision of free speech. While his efforts have sparked backlash in some countries, Musk's promotion of a growing alliance of hard-right parties and individuals has helped rattle the foundation of a transatlantic bond that has guided US and European relations for over eight decades. Engagement from Musk does not guarantee a surge in followers or page views. But AP found it can have a huge impact, especially on up-and-coming influencers. One account that began with around 120,000 followers when Musk took over Twitter in October 2022 topped 1.2 million by January of this year. Seven other European accounts saw six-figure increases in their follower counts over the same period. Most of the 11 accounts examined saw triple-digit percentage increases in their followers. Even some that grew more steadily on their own before Musk interacted with them saw their follower counts rise sharply after he began engaging with their posts. Similarly, on days Musk interacted with a post, its account saw its views soar — in most cases, accruing two to four times as many views, with a few seeing boosts 30 or 40 times their normal daily viewership. Musk is not the only factor influencing the growth of these accounts, of course, but their rising fortunes are a measure of how the platform has evolved under his leadership. When Musk acquired X, he pledged to turn it into a haven for free speech, declaring himself a 'free speech absolutist.' AP's analysis adds to growing evidence that instead of serving as a neutral forum for free speech, X amplifies Musk's speech. This shift has given him sweeping power to direct people's attention. 'There's an extreme asymmetry in the way Musk is able to leverage and shape the platform,' said Timothy Graham, an associate professor in digital media at the Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane, Australia, who has studied data anomalies on X. 'There's an unequivocal sense when you go onto the site that you're entering Musk's kingdom.' Musk's megaphone: Bigger than Trump and Taylor Swift Since he acquired Twitter in 2022, Musk has come to dominate the platform. His followers have more than doubled, to more than 220 million — growth so tremendous that it easily outpaced the other Top 10 accounts. Not even Taylor Swift has been able to keep up. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, whose followers grew by 21 million — or 25 percent — from October 2022 through January, clocked a distant second. Donald Trump's followers grew by 14 percent, or around 12 million, while Taylor Swift mustered a mere 3 percent growth, or 3 million new followers. None of the other Top 10 accounts have shown such consistent follower growth, month after month, AP found. The result is a further concentration of power for the world's richest man, who now commands the most popular account on a social media platform used by hundreds of millions of people around the world. Given the opacity of the algorithms that power X, it's hard to determine with certainty what array of factors might be driving such unusual — and unusually consistent — growth in Musk's account. But researchers who have analyzed data patterns on X argue that the platform's algorithm has, at times, been altered to amplify Musk's voice. How X promotes content is a growing point of contention in Europe. In January, the European Union expanded its investigation of X to assess how the platform pushes content to users and why some material goes viral. In February, French prosecutors opened a separate investigation into X over allegations that Musk changed the platform's algorithms to promote biased content. Musk's public attacks on left-leaning politicians, support for hard-right policies and loose handling of facts have prompted rebukes from British Prime Minister Keir Starmer, former German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, French President Emmanuel Macron, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, Italian President Sergio Mattarella, and Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre. X did not respond to requests for comment. Musk is X's kingmaker Musk's dominance creates a strong incentive for people seeking to increase their clout — or their revenues, through the platform's monetization options — to exploit these network effects and try to get Musk to engage with their content. 'People know that he's gearing everything toward him,' said Graham, the digital media scholar in Australia. 'They're doing everything they can to get close to this person because he is the moneymaker.' Germany's Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, for example, has benefited from the Musk effect. AfD coleader Alice Weidel helped lead the party, which advocates for nationalist and anti-immigrant policies, to second place in German parliamentary elections in February. When Musk interacted with her account in the run-up to those elections, the average number of daily views she got rose from about 230,000 to 2.2 million. Germany's domestic intelligence agency in May classified Weidel's party as a right-wing extremist organization, which would subject the AfD to greater surveillance. The party, which maintains that it's a victim of politically motivated defamation, promptly filed a lawsuit against the move, which Musk, along with top US officials blasted as an attack on free speech. The designation has been suspended pending judicial review. The AfD denies any association with Germany's Nazi past — though, in a chat with Musk livestreamed on X in January, Weidel falsely described Hitler as a 'communist, socialist guy.' The chat has gotten 16 million views. Musk also appeared at AfD rallies and endorsed the party in a German newspaper. AfD officials did not respond to requests for comment. Naomi Seibt, a German climate skeptic, pinged Musk nearly 600 times between October 2022 and Jan. 2025. Musk finally engaged in June 2024, when he asked her to explain why the AfD is so controversial in Germany. Since then, Musk has replied to, quoted or tagged Seibt more than 50 times, and her followers have grown by more than 320,000 since Musk took over the platform. On days Musk interacted with Seibt, her posts, on average, got 2.6 times as many views. 'I didn't intentionally 'invade' Elon's algorithm,' Seibt told AP. 'Obviously Elon has a lot of influence and can help share a message even with those who are usually glued to the legacy media, particularly in Germany.' Seibt said she's now living in the United States because she fears political persecution in Europe. 'Washington DC is the political heart of America and thus also the safest place for me to be,' she said. 'I fear the German state wants me locked up.' Musk has also boosted the influence of political insurgents in the UK Days before British national elections last July, Musk took to X to ask Nigel Farage, the leader of the populist Reform UK party: 'Why does the media keep calling you far-right? What are your policies?' Farage replied eagerly: 'Because we believe in family, country and strong borders. Call me!' Such interactions from Musk helped Farage more than triple his daily audience. Farage did not reply to requests for comment. In Spain, Rubén Pulido, a columnist for a newspaper published by the populist Vox party's think tank, hit the jackpot in August, when Musk responded to two posts in which he argued that rescue boats operated by nongovernmental organizations effectively help smugglers move migrants to Europe. Pulido's visibility soared. On days Musk engaged with him, his account got nearly 300,000 views — roughly three times more than usual. When Musk didn't interact with Pulido's account, the results were just as clear. In January, he again inveighed against migrant rescues and sought to get Musk's attention. 'Hi @elonmusk! Speak up,' he urged. Three weeks later, he tweeted: 'Perhaps @elonmusk might find this interesting.' That post garnered just 5,128 views. Pulido did not respond to requests for comment. While Musk helped boost the accounts of such fringe parties and rising influencers, his interactions did not provide as stark a benefit to more established politicians, AP found. That was true for both Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, whose ruling Brothers of Italy party has neo-fascist roots, and Dutch politician Geert Wilders, an anti-Islamic firebrand who has been called the Dutch Donald Trump. What happens on X doesn't always stay on X Musk's interactions online have spilled into political endorsements, policy advocacy — and money. X helps users monetize their accounts, through ad revenue sharing and paid subscription programs as well as direct fundraising links. That means a surge in attention on X can bring a surge in revenue. Tommy Robinson, a British anti-immigration agitator who was released from prison in May, after serving a reduced sentence of seven months for contempt of court, has a link to his fundraising page on his X profile. Interactions from Musk more than doubled Robinson's daily views, from around 380,000 to nearly 850,000. Robinson — whose real name is Stephen Yaxley-Lennon — could not be reached for comment Radio Genoa, an account reportedly investigated by Italian authorities last year for allegedly spreading hate speech about migrants, used X to publicize a call for a GoFundMe campaign to raise money for legal defense. Radio Genoa has pinged Musk dozens of times over the last three years, and for good reason: On days Musk engaged with him, the views on his account doubled. Radio Genoa's followers surged from less than 200,000 before Musk's engagement to over 1.2 million. Radio Genoa could not be reached for comment. Eva Vlaardingerbroek — a conservative Dutch political commentator dubbed the 'shieldmaiden of the far-right' whose account Musk has engaged with three dozen times — uses X to solicit tips and has creator status, which allows her to charge subscription fees. So does Seibt, the German activist — though she told AP her earnings from X aren't enough to sustain herself. Vlaardingerbroek did not respond to requests for comment. Musk has also advocated for Matteo Salvini, vice premier of Italy and the leader of the hard-right, anti-migrant League party. On X, Musk's interactions boosted Salvini's daily visibility more than fourfold. Offline, Salvini has urged Italy to move ahead with controversial contracts for Starlink and pushed back against EU efforts to regulate content on X. Before Fidias Panayiotou — a 25-year-old social media influencer from Cyprus with no political experience — won a surprise seat as an independent in the European Parliament last year, he spent weeks camped outside Twitter and Space X headquarters in a highly publicized quest to hug the world's richest man. In January 2023, his wish came true. Their embrace went viral. Soon, Musk was interacting with Panayiotou's posts on a variety of subjects, expanding his typical audience on X by more than 3,000 percent. Since taking his seat, Panayiotou — whose positions often also reflect the views of Cyprus' traditional leftist establishment — has praised X on the floor of the European Parliament, pushed back against regulations that impact the platform, and credited Musk with sparking his call to fire 80 percent of EU bureaucrats. Musk, evidently, was pleased. 'Vote for Fidias,' he posted on X, an endorsement that was viewed more than 11.5 million times. 'He is smart, super high energy and genuinely cares about you!' In July, after AP asked for comment, Panayiotou posted a video to dispel any impression that he was Musk's puppet. 'I don't have any relationship with Elon Musk,' he said. 'We haven't spoken at all since we hugged, neither through messages, nor by phone, and I've never invited him anywhere.' He said that Musk, unprompted, began reposting his content after he was elected to the European Parliament. 'I don't think it's a danger to democracy honestly that Elon Musk supports me,' Panayiotou explained in another video. 'I think this is the beauty of democracy.'
Asharq Al-Awsat
15 hours ago
- Asharq Al-Awsat
US, Allies Condemn Iranian Intelligence Threats
Britain and 13 allies including the United States and France condemned on Thursday what they called a surge in assassination, kidnapping and harassment plots by Iranian intelligence services targeting individuals in Europe and North America. "We are united in our opposition to the attempts of Iranian intelligence services to kill, kidnap, and harass people in Europe and North America in clear violation of our sovereignty," the countries said in a joint statement. They said such actions were increasingly carried out in collaboration with international criminal networks. 'These services are increasingly collaborating with international criminal organizations to target journalists, dissidents, Jewish citizens, and current and former officials in Europe and North America. This is unacceptable,' said the statement. 'We consider these types of attacks, regardless of the target, as violations of our sovereignty,' the countries said. 'We are committed to working together to prevent these actions from happening and we call on the Iranian authorities to immediately put an end to such illegal activities in our respective territories,' added the statement released by the governments of the United States, Britain, Albania, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Netherlands, Spain, and Sweden.
