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Best of BS Opinion: Why policy must shelter everyone without favour
Pan Gongsheng, China's central bank chief, wants to widen the global monetary umbrella, away from dollar dominance. With six foreign banks joining China's SWIFT alternative and ECB's Christine Lagarde echoing concerns, there's a visible push. But, as our first editorial notes, China's capital controls and credibility gaps mean the renminbi (Chinese Yuan) isn't a ready replacement. Instead, we may end up with a fragmented financial drizzle with more transaction costs and less shelter for all.
Closer home, Uttar Pradesh is building something more inclusive. The state is planning 15 MSME zones across 11 districts, using over 700 acres to energise small businesses. Programmes like One District One Product are reshaping exports, but the umbrella is still lopsided, argues our second editorial. Only one in three MSMEs are run by women, and agro-processing remains underscaled. For MSMEs to truly flourish, policies must unfurl beyond land to credit access, rural skilling, and logistical ease.
Air safety, argues K P Krishnan, urgently needs its own umbrella. India's DGCA is shackled, lacking autonomy, money, and modern recruitment. Global regulators like the FAA and CAA operate with real independence. India needs an Aviation Safety Authority through a full Act of Parliament, with financial muscle and legal teeth. After all, umbrellas shouldn't only open after the thunderclap.
And Vinayak Chatterjee writes of a nuclear pivot. From Small Modular Reactors to private sector entry, India's ambitious 100 GW goal by 2047 demands updated laws and new investors. But unless vendor liability rules, fuel security, and financing reforms come through, the umbrella will remain stuck at half-open.
Finally, in Private Revolutions: Coming of Age in a New China, as reviewed by Gunjan Singh, Yuan Yang reminds us that in China too, the umbrella of reform has left many standing at the edge. Her portrait of four women reveals how revolutions may roar from the state but the everyday act of staying dry is personal, persistent, and quietly radical.
Stay tuned and remember, advisory shouldn't be weather-dependent or selective. Open it wide or what's the point?
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Drones in Naxal Territories: Emerging Internal Security Risk 1. Chhattisgarh (2022) – Security forces discovered a drone crash site used by Naxalites for surveillance of CRPF camps. The drone was unregistered, but local police lacked the jurisdiction to prosecute under Aircraft Act. 2. Odisha (2022) – Drones were reported scouting forested areas near Malkangiri and Kandhamal, suspected to be used for arms drops. The local police confiscated equipment but faced no clear legal procedure for seizure, examination, or prosecution. IV. Global Approaches to Local Enforcement Across the world, democratic nations are facing rise in drone usage and thus associated risks. Many of them have decentralized enforcement powers, recognizing that ground-level response is essential for public safety, national security, and privacy protection. The following international models offer useful precedents for India: 1. United States of America Under the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Reauthorization Act of 2018, the Local and state law enforcement agencies are empowered to detain drones, question operators, and initiate enforcement actions. 2. United Kingdom Following the 2018 Gatwick Airport drone disruption, the UK amended the Air Navigation Order 2016 and the Police Act to empower law enforcement with the authority to land, seize, and inspect drones. It provides the police with powers to issue on-the-spot fines up to £1,000 for registration and permission breaches. 3. France France enforces strict drone regulations under the Code de l'Aviation Civile (Civil Aviation Code) 1958. Under the code, Municipal police are empowered to inspect drones and question operators. In Paris, drone surveillance and enforcement are handled jointly by Police and Directorate General of Civil Aviation. 4. Germany Germany's Luftverkehrs-Ordnung (Air Traffic Regulation) 1964 empowers State Police to detain unlicensed drones and initiate proceedings under aviation safety and privacy laws. 5. Australia Under the Civil Aviation Safety Regulations (CASR) 1998, Australia empowers State and Territory Police to enforce no-fly zones, register violations, and confiscate rogue drones. V. Existing Legal Framework: Aircraft Act 1934 & Drone Rules 2021 Drones are Unmanned Arial Vehicles which is a type of Unmanned Aircraft System that falls under the ambit of Aircraft as per section 2(1) of the Aircraft Act 1934. Drones are thus governed by The Aircraft Act, 1934 and The Drones Rules, 2021. Under the Aircraft Act, 1934, the Central Government is empowered to regulate the manufacture, possession, operation, and safety of aircraft. The Drone Rules, 2021, notified under this Act, introduced a streamlined framework for drone classification, registration, pilot certification, and operation permissions. In case of any violations of Drone Rules, Rule no. 50 of Drone Rules 2021 states levying penalty up to Rs 1 lakh by the DGCA or any other authority authorized by central government in accordance with provisions of section 10A of Aircraft Act which mentions about adjudication of penalties. As far as cognizance of offence is concerned, as per section 12B of the Aircraft Act, no courts can take cognizance without a complaint made by Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) or Director General of Bureau of Civil Aviation Security (DGBCAS) or Director General of Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (DGAIIB). This clearly shows that state police have no statutory authority to register a FIR in case of violation of the Drone Rules under The Aircraft Act. Suggested Legislative Amendments The need to empower State Police and law enforcement agencies to act against unauthorized drone activity cannot be realized without clear statutory backing. While current law i.e. The Aircraft Act 1934 centralize enforcement under DGCA and the Ministry of Civil Aviation, they lack a federalist structure for operational enforcement. The following suggested amendments aim to create an enabling legislative framework: 1. Insertion of a new sub section under section 12 of The Aircraft Act 1934 Since Section 12 (B) of the Act clearly mandates prior sanction for any cognizance to be taken against unauthorized Drones by DGCA or DGBCAS or DGAAIB, it gives no autonomous authority to state police/state enforcement agencies for acting against offences committed by unmanned aerial vehicles endangering public safety. Therefore Section 12 can be enhanced with a new sub section – 'c' providing for autonomous powers and rights to the local police to address unauthorized arial activities. The new sub section may include the following to ensure strict implementation of Drone Rules: (a) Any police officer not below the rank of Sub-Inspector shall have the authority to: * Intercept, search, and seize any unmanned aircraft system (UAS) and associated devices, including drones, found operating in contravention of this Act or any rules made thereunder. * Require any drone operator to produce a valid Unique Identification Number (UIN), flight authorization, remote pilot license, and other necessary permits. (b) State Police shall have the jurisdiction to register FIR against anyone responsible for violating drone rules, conduct investigations, and initiate legal proceedings as per the procedure established by law for offences punishable under the Aircraft Act 1934 and Drone Rules 2021 without mandatory requirement of complaint made by DGCA, DGBCAS or DGAAIB. Justification: This provision will create statutory recognition of police powers and ensures lawful drone seizure, investigation, and prosecution without requiring prior approval from central authorities—essential for time-sensitive security interventions. 2. Insertion of a new clause under sub section 5(2) of The Aircraft Act 1934 An amendment can be made under section 5(2) of The Aircraft Act by adding a new clause 'r' making central government duty bound to provide for rules regarding localized scheme of enforcement prescribing the powers, functions, responsibilities, and standard operating procedures for enforcement of drone-related laws by State Governments and their police. Justification: At present, no delegated legislation exists to support drone law enforcement by States. This amendment provides the statutory hook for the Centre to issue rules that support decentralized implementation. A written standard operating procedure for States will also rule out all sorts of ambiguity amongst police of different states with respect to addressing drone rules violations. 3. Purpose of arial activity should be intimated To curb Drone missuses, the Drone Rules 2021 should be amended requiring operators to pre-register the purpose of their arial activity on the Digital Sky platform, with full access granted to police. This will help address security and individual's privacy concerns. For operationalizing the proposed legislative framework, a structured, multi-phase roadmap must be adopted. The implementation plan must account for legal preparedness, inter-agency coordination, infrastructure, and technical capacity-building at the State level. VII. Conclusion As India's airspace becomes increasingly populated with drones, it is imperative that enforcement should be decentralized. While the DGCA and Ministry of Civil Aviation remain the principal regulatory bodies, law enforcement agencies particularly police being the first responder to any adversary must be empowered to register a criminal case autonomously against unauthorized or dangerous drone operations protecting mankind and infrsastructure. Empowering State Police through clear legislative amendments will bridge the existing enforcement vacuum, enhance national security and urban safety, create accountability at both operational and regulatory levels. Therefore it's need of the hour that India must adopt a dual-layer enforcement model comprising of central regulation with decentralized enforcement mirroring global best practices to ensure persistent security. (Writer is a lawyer practising in Supreme Court of India, Allahabad High Court & tribunals) Get the latest lifestyle updates on Times of India, along with Doctor's Day 2025 , messages and quotes!