logo
Hairy claws make hermit crabs braver, Plymouth study finds

Hairy claws make hermit crabs braver, Plymouth study finds

BBC News9 hours ago
Hermit crabs scuttling along the UK's coastline may be bolder than they appear, especially those with more sensitive claws, according to new research from the University of Plymouth.The study reveals that tiny hair-like structures called sensilla on the crabs' claws help them assess their surroundings and decide when it is safe to emerge from their shells. Crabs with more of these sensory hairs were found to recover more quickly and act more boldly.The researchers hope their findings will inspire further studies into how sensory traits influence animal behaviour.
Lead author Ari Drummond, a PhD researcher at the university, said: "I was especially intrigued by how hermit crabs use their claws and antennae when re-emerging from their shells. "The patterns I observed led me to wonder if they might be using their claws to assess environmental risk. "In a world where species face increasing threats, understanding how animals sense and respond to danger is vital."The team studied local hermit crabs in the lab, observing their reactions to being startled and later examining their moulted claw tissue under an electron microscope. This allowed them to count the number of sensilla without harming the animals.Their findings suggested a link between sensory input and personality, a concept they have called "sensory investment syndrome".Prof Mark Briffa, senior author of the study, added: "We've long known that animals can behave differently from one another. "This research suggests that those differences may be rooted in how they sense the world around them."
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Scientists reveal foolproof formula for a lifetime of happiness - and it takes just five minutes to perform
Scientists reveal foolproof formula for a lifetime of happiness - and it takes just five minutes to perform

Daily Mail​

time18 minutes ago

  • Daily Mail​

Scientists reveal foolproof formula for a lifetime of happiness - and it takes just five minutes to perform

It's often said that happiness is about finding joy in the little things in life - and now scientists appear to have found proof in that. Just five minutes a day performing 'micro-acts of joy' that foster positive emotions is enough to banish stress, boost health, and improve sleep quality, experts found. According to stress expert Dr Elissa Epel, listening to laughter, admiring a flower on a local walk or doing something nice for a friend can measurably improve people's emotional well-being and attitudes toward life. Epel, an expert on stress and ageing who oversaw the new research, said: 'We were quite taken aback by the size of the improvements to people's emotional well-being.' Epel's team at the University of California San Francisco studied almost 18,000 people, mainly from the U.S., UK, and Canada, for the web-based 'Big Joy Project' over a two-year period to 2024. It was the first study to look at whether small, easy-to-do acts that take minimal time could have measurable and lasting effects on people. Participants were asked to perform five-ten minute acts of joy for a week. Prof Epel said the thousands of people who took part in her project matched the positive results achieved by programs that required months of classes, for hours at a time. The study, published in the Journal Of Medical Internet Research, asked participants to perform seven acts over seven days, such as sharing a moment of celebration with someone else, doing something kind for another person, making a gratitude list or watching an awe-inspiring video about nature. Prof Epel said her team picked tasks that were focused on promoting feelings of hope and optimism, wonder and awe, or fun and silliness. Each task took under ten minutes, including answering short questions. Participants were quizzed about their emotional and physical health at the start and end of the week-long project, providing a measure of their emotional well-being, positive emotions, and 'happiness agency', along with their stress and sleep quality. The psychologists explained that emotional well-being includes how satisfied people are with their lives and whether they have purpose and meaning. Happiness agency is how much control they feel they have over their emotions. The team found improvements in all areas, and the benefits increased depending on how fully people participated in the program, meaning those who completed all seven days saw greater benefits than those who only managed two or three. While further research was needed, according to Epel, it's clear that a daily dose of joy could help people in trying times: 'All of this well-being stuff, it's not a luxury. 'We often say that we'll let ourselves be happy once we've reached some point or finished some task. Well, we want to flip that – we need the energy of joy to get through the hard parts. These are really necessary skills.'

Royal Navy's HMS Protector gets Freedom of the City of Cambridge
Royal Navy's HMS Protector gets Freedom of the City of Cambridge

BBC News

timean hour ago

  • BBC News

Royal Navy's HMS Protector gets Freedom of the City of Cambridge

A Royal Navy ship has been given a Freedom of the City honour by a city that is about 50 miles from the nearest bit of coast. HMS Protector was given the award by Cambridge City Council at the city's military fair last vessel, an ice patrol ship usually based in Antarctica, has been recognised for its ongoing contributions to researching climate change and works with two research organisations from Cambridge, the council said. Dinah Pounds, Labour councillor who presented the award, said: "We are very grateful for their work and contributions to tackling climate change." Working in the Antarctic, the ship has supported scientific research, wildlife mapping, researching changing climate and the continent's shifting waters. This work is carried out by the Scott Polar Research Institute and the British Antarctic Survey – both based in added: "We declared a climate change emergency in 2019, and lot of work has gone into making Cambridge more climate resilient."This is a wonderful way to show support for the men and women who make up the Armed Forces community."The Freedom of the City parade at Parker's Piece included people from HMS Protector, armed forces veterans and cadets. Capt Tom Weaver said he looked "forward to strengthening the relationship" between the city and the ship while they continued their "research into the impacts of climate change and human activity" on the south pole last awarded Freedom of the City to the Hungarian city of Szeged in 2011. Follow Cambridgeshire news on BBC Sounds, Facebook, Instagram and X.

Weedkiller ingredient widely used in US can damage organs and gut bacteria, research shows
Weedkiller ingredient widely used in US can damage organs and gut bacteria, research shows

The Guardian

time3 hours ago

  • The Guardian

Weedkiller ingredient widely used in US can damage organs and gut bacteria, research shows

The herbicide ingredient used to replace glyphosate in Roundup and other weedkiller products can kill gut bacteria and damage organs in multiple ways, new research shows. The ingredient, diquat, is widely employed in the US as a weedkiller in vineyards and orchards, and is increasingly sprayed elsewhere as the use of controversial herbicide substances such as glyphosate and paraquat drops in the US. But the new piece of data suggests diquat is more toxic than glyphosate, and the substance is banned over its risks in the UK, EU, China and many other countries. Still, the EPA has resisted calls for a ban, and Roundup formulas with the ingredient hit the shelves last year. 'From a human health perspective, this stuff is quite a bit nastier than glyphosate so we're seeing a regrettable substitution, and the ineffective regulatory structure is allowing it,' said Nathan Donley, science director with the Center For Biological Diversity, which advocates for stricter pesticide regulations but was not involved in the new research. 'Regrettable substitution' is a scientific term used to describe the replacement of a toxic substance in a consumer product with an ingredient that is also toxic. Diquat is also thought to be a neurotoxin, carcinogen and linked to Parkinson's disease. An October analysis of EPA data by the Friends of the Earth non-profit found it is about 200 times more toxic than glyphosate in terms of chronic exposure. Bayer, which makes Roundup, faced nearly 175,000 lawsuits alleging that the product's users were harmed by the product. Bayer, which bought Monsanto in 2018, reformulated Roundup after the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified glyphosate as a possible carcinogen. The new review of scientific literature in part focuses on the multiple ways in which diquat damages organs and gut bacteria, including by reducing the level of proteins that are key pieces of the gut lining. The weakening can allow toxins and pathogens to move from the stomach into the bloodstream, and trigger inflammation in the intestines and throughout the body. Meanwhile, diquat can inhibit the production of beneficial bacteria that maintain the gut lining. Damage to the lining also inhibits the absorption of nutrients and energy metabolism, the authors said. The research further scrutinizes how the substance harms the kidneys, lungs and liver. Diquat 'causes irreversible structural and functional damage to the kidneys' because it can destroy kidney cells' membranes and interfere with cell signals. The effects on the liver are similar, and the ingredient causes the production of proteins that inflame the organ. Meanwhile, it seems to attack the lungs by triggering inflammation that damages the organ's tissue. More broadly, the inflammation caused by diquat may cause multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, a scenario in which organ systems begin to fail. The authors note that many of the studies are on rodents and more research on low, long-term exposure is needed. Bayer did not immediately respond to a request for comment. Despite the risks amid a rise in diquat's use, the EPA is not reviewing the chemical, and even non-profits that push for tighter pesticide regulations have largely focused their attention elsewhere. Donley said that was in part because US pesticide regulations are so weak that advocates are tied up with battles over ingredients like glyphosate, paraquat and chlorpyrifos – substances that are banned elsewhere but still widely used here. Diquat is 'overshadowed' by those ingredients. 'Other countries have banned diquat, but in the US we're still fighting the fights that Europe won 20 years ago,' Donley said. 'It hasn't gotten to the radar of most groups and that really says a lot about the sad and sorry state of pesticides in the US.' Some advocates have accused the EPA of being captured by industry, and Donley said US pesticide laws were so weak that it was difficult for the agency to ban ingredients, even if the will exists. For example, the agency banned chlorpyrifos in 2022, but a court overturned the decision after industry sued. Moreover, the EPA's pesticides office seems to have a philosophy that states that toxic pesticides are a 'necessary evil', Donley said. 'When you approach an issue from that lens there's only so much you will do,' he said.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store