Hyosung Transitioning Bio-Based Spandex Feedstock from Corn to Sugar
Hyosung, the world's largest producer of spandex by market share, leaned into sustainable stretch with its bio-based spandex made from dent corn feedstock. Ever since, it has been aiming to increase the content of its regen™ BIO Spandex, and now, it's found a solution in sugar.
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The sugarcane-based bio-BDO is part of Hyosung's plan to support the textile industry in reducing carbon emissions by moving to more circular business models. Last year, Hyosung partnered with sustainable materials leader, Geno, to start construction at its Vietnam plant to produce Bio-BDO derived from sugarcane, powered by Geno's proprietary BDO technology. For more than two decades, Geno has been developing and scaling technology to enable the production of sustainable materials derived from plant- or waste-based feedstocks instead of fossil fuels.
The Korea-based fiber manufacturer cites three specifics for the sugarcane upgrade. 'First, sugarcane has a higher yield per hectare than corn. Second, sugarcane is more effective at sequestering carbon than corn. Third, sugarcane's byproduct, bagasse, can be used as a renewable energy source, further reducing its carbon footprint,' said Simon Whitmarsh-Knight, Hyosung's global sustainability director-textiles, adding that there is no compromise on durability and performance compared to corn, or even traditional spandex.
There is no change in the characteristics or the bio-based content of the bio spandex itself, stressed Whitmarsh-Knight. The functionality and quality of the spandex remain consistent, allowing customers to enjoy the same high-performance product while benefiting from a renewable input material.
Hyosung will be utilizing the bio-BDO facilities at its plant in Vietnam. The facility expects to start production in the first half of next year, with the potential of producing up to 50,000 tons of bio-BDO by the end of 2026.
'For the first time, the industry will have an integrated supply of bio-based spandex in one region, from raw material to fiber,' said Whitmarsh-Knight. 'This provides significant benefits to our customers such as faster speed to market, reduced development times and a more robust supply chain.'
Having pioneered the use of sugarcane in spandex, Hyosung had the opportunity to develop a new value chain for this product, one also linked to traceability, transparency and certification.
'It was essential that we found a partner who had the practical knowledge, value chain connections and consulting expertise to help us build and track this new system,' said Whitmarsh-Knight. 'Having researched the market in depth, we decided that CZ (Czarnikow) offered the optimum balance of direct connections with farmers, logistical experience and sustainability know-how. In addition, their VIVE platform provides well-established structure and processes to trace the product from farm to manufacturing facility.'
Hyosung's brand and retail partners have already reaped the benefits of adding regen™ BIO spandex to fabric blends with other bio-based fibers, not to mention using it as a renewable stretch engine with cotton and merino wool. Hyosung plans to transition existing customers and their value chains from its Gen 1 corn-based spandex to its Gen 2 sugarcane-based version starting next year.
And since every brand takes a unique approach to sustainability according to their goals, Hyosung has expanded its bio Spandex offering to include various options for the yarn to be made with a higher content of renewable resources to include regen BIO + and regen BIO Max. Backed by third-party verified data and independent Life Cycle Assessments, regen™ BIO Max elastane delivers a 27 percent lower carbon footprint and 82 percent less ozone depletion than conventional spandex, marking a meaningful shift towards circular, regenerative materials.
Making the transition even easier is the fact that the structure and ratio of bio-based content remain consistent even when switching the feedstock from corn to sugarcane.
PANGAIA, the materials science company at the intersection of science, purpose and design, has successfully brought Hyosung's regen BIO spandex to commercial use and is on board for the sugarcane transition. Starting from Women's activewear, expanding to Men's, and now extending into their new 365 Seamless range with regen BIO Max, this continuous adoption highlights PANGAIA's deep understanding and trust in bio-based products as part of their innovative sustainability strategy.
'The ongoing use of bio-based materials by such a pioneering brand demonstrates that the bio story resonates strongly with consumers,' said Whitmarsh-Knight. 'It is clear evidence that our product is growing within both the fashion industry and sustainability movement.'
How each brand messages this material to their end consumers will ultimately depend on their respective communication strategy, but Whitmarsh-Knight feels sugarcane has the potential to resonate well with consumers interested in bio-based materials.
'That said, since bio-based spandex is still relatively new in the market, it may be more important at this stage to first help consumers understand the broader shift from fossil fuels to renewable resources. Once that foundation is established, brands will be better positioned to evolve their storytelling with more nuanced details about the specific feedstocks being used,' he said.
Beyond textiles, Hyosung also plans to also use its bio-BDO in footwear, packaging and automotive, so moving this to bio-BDO will represent a significant saving in carbon emissions across multiple industries.
To learn more about Hyosung's textile materials, click here.
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Chicago Tribune
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Gary fighting shortage in classroom with online teachers
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CNBC
an hour ago
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In rare earth metals power struggle with China, old laptops, phones may get a new life
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Today, next-generation recyclers — a mix of legacy companies and startups — are innovating ways to gather and process the ever-growing mountains of electronic waste, or e-waste, which comprises end-of-life and discarded computers, smartphones, servers, TVs, appliances, medical devices, and other electronics and IT equipment. And they are doing so in a way that is aligned to the newest critical technologies in society. Most recently, spent EV batteries, wind turbines and solar panels are fostering a burgeoning recycling niche. The e-waste recycling opportunity isn't limited to rare earth elements. Any electronics that can't be wholly refurbished and resold, or cannibalized for replacement parts needed to keep existing electronics up and running, can berecycled to strip out gold, silver, copper, nickel, steel, aluminum, lithium, cobalt and other metals vital to manufacturers in various industries. But increasingly, recyclers are extracting rare-earth elements, such as neodymium, praseodymium, terbium and dysprosium, which are critical in making everything from fighter jets to power tools. "Recycling [of e-waste] hasn't been taken too seriouslyuntil recently" as a meaningful source of supply, said Kunal Sinha, global head of recycling at Swiss-based Glencore, a major miner, producer and marketer of metals and minerals — and, to a much lesser but growing degree, an e-waste recycler. "A lot of people are still sleeping at the wheel and don't realize how big this can be," Sinha said. Traditionally, U.S. manufacturers purchase essential metals and rare earths from domestic and foreign producers — an inordinate number based in China — that fabricate mined raw materials, or through commodities traders. But with those supply chains now disrupted by unpredictable tariffs, trade policies and geopolitics, the market for recycled e-waste is gaining importance as a way to feed the insatiable electrification of everything. "The United States imports a lot of electronics, and all of that is coming with gold and aluminum and steel," said John Mitchell, president and CEO of the Global Electronics Association, an industry trade group. "So there's a great opportunity to actually have the tariffs be an impetus for greater recycling in this country for goods that we don't have, but are buying from other countries." Although recycling contributes only around $200 million to Glencore's total EBITDA of nearly $14 billion, the strategic attention and time the business gets from leadership "is much more than that percentage," Sinha said. "We believe that a lot of mining is necessary to get to all the copper, gold and other metals that are needed, but we also recognize that recycling is going to play a huge role," he said. Glencore has operated a huge copper smelter in Quebec, Canada, for almost 20 years on a site that's nearly 100-years-old. The facility processes mostly mined copper concentrates, though 15% of its feedstock is recyclable materials, such as e-waste that Glencore's global network of 100-plus suppliers collect and sort. The smelter pioneered the process for recovering copper and precious metals from e-waste in the mid 1980s, making it one of the first and largest of its type in the world. The smelted copper is refined into fresh slabs that are sold to manufacturers and traders. The same facility also produces refined gold, silver, platinum and palladium recovered from recycling feeds. The importance of copper to OEMs' supply chains was magnified in early July, when prices hit an all-time high after President Trump said he would impose a 50% tariff on imports of the metal. The U.S. imports just under half of its copper, and the tariff hike — like other new Trump trade policies — is intended to boost domestic production. It takes around three decades for a new mine in the U.S. to move from discovery to production, which makes recycled copper look all the more attractive, especially as demand keeps rising. According to estimates by energy-data firm Wood Mackenzie, 45% of demand will be met with recycled copper by 2050, up from about a third today. Foreign recycling companies have begun investing in the U.S.-based facilities. In 2022, Germany's Wieland broke ground on a $100-million copper and copper alloy recycling plant in Shelbyville, Kentucky. 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The company dismantles and separates it into 40 or 50 different types of material, from keyboards and mice to circuit boards, wires and cables. Recyclers harvest those items for metals and rare earths, which continue to go up in price on commodities markets, before reentering the supply chain as core raw materials. Even before the Trump administration's efforts to revitalize American manufacturing by reworking trade deals, and recent changes in tax credits key to the industry in Trump's tax and spending bill, entrepreneurs have been launching e-waste recycling startups and developing technologies to process them for domestic OEMs. "Many regions of the world have been kind of lazy about processing e-waste, so a lot of it goes offshore," Sinha said. In response to that imbalance, "There seems to be a trend of nationalizing e-waste, because people suddenly realize that we have the same metals [they've] been looking for" from overseas sources, he said. "People have been rethinking the global supply chain, that they're too long and need to be more localized." Several startups tend to focus on a particular type of e-waste. Lately, rare earths have garnered tremendous attention, not just because they're in high demand by U.S. electronics manufacturers but also to lessen dependence on China, which dominates mining, processing and refining of the materials. In the production of rare-earth magnets — used in EVs, drones, consumer electronics, medical devices, wind turbines, military weapons and other products — China commands roughly 90% of the global supply chain. The lingering U.S.–China trade war has only exacerbated the disparity. In April, China restricted exports of seven rare earths and related magnets in retaliation for U.S. tariffs, a move that forced Ford to shut down factories because of magnet shortages. China, in mid-June, issued temporary six-month licenses to certain major U.S. automaker suppliers and select firms. Exports are flowing again, but with delays and still well below peak levels. The U.S. is attempting to catch up. Before this past week's Trump administration deal, the Biden administration awarded $45 million in funding to MP Materials and the nation's lone rare earths mine, in Mountain Pass, California. Back in April, the Interior Department approved development activities at the Colosseum rare earths project, located within California's Mojave National Preserve. The project, owned by Australia's Dateline Resources, will potentially become America's second rare earth mine after Mountain Pass. Meanwhile, several recycling startups are extracting rare earths from e-waste. Illumynt has an advanced process for recovering them from decommissioned hard drives procured from data centers. In April, hard drive manufacturer Western Digital announced a collaboration with Microsoft, Critical Materials Recycling and PedalPoint Recycling to pull rare earths, as well as copper, gold, aluminum and steel, from end-of-life drives. Canadian-based Cyclic Materials invented a process that recovers rare-earths and other metals from EV motors, wind turbines, MRI machines and data-center e-scrap. The company is investing more than $20 million to build its first U.S.-based facility in Mesa, Arizona. Late last year, Glencore signed a multiyear agreement with Cyclic to provide recycled copper for its smelting and refining operations. Another hot feedstock for e-waste recyclers is end-of-life lithium-ion batteries, a source of not only lithium but also copper, cobalt, nickel, manganese and aluminum. Those materials are essential for manufacturing new EV batteries, which the Big Three automakers are heavily invested in. Their projects, however, are threatened by possible reductions in the Biden-era 45X production tax credit, featured in the new federal spending bill. It's too soon to know how that might impact battery recyclers — including Ascend Elements, American Battery Technology, Cirba Solutions and Redwood Materials — who themselves qualify for the 45X and other tax credits. They might actually be aided by other provisions in the budget bill that benefit a domestic supply chain of critical minerals as a way to undercut China's dominance of the global market. Nonetheless, that looming uncertainty should be a warning sign for e-waste recyclers, said Sinha. "Be careful not to build a recycling company on the back of one tax credit," he said, "because it can be short-lived." Investing in recyclers can be precarious, too, Sinha said. While he's happy to see recycling getting its due as a meaningful source of supply, he cautions people to be careful when investing in this space. Startups may have developed new technologies, but lack good enough business fundamentals. "Don't invest on the hype," he said, "but on the fundamentals." Glencore, ironically enough, is a case in point. It has invested $327.5 million in convertible notes in battery recycler Li-Cycle to provide feedstock for its smelter. The Toronto-based startup had broken ground on a new facility in Rochester, New York, but ran into financial difficulties and filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy protection in May, prompting Glencore to submit a "stalking horse" credit bid of at least $40 million for the stalled project and other assets. Even so, "the current environment will lead to more startups and investments" in e-waste recycling, Sinha said. "We are investing ourselves."

Business Insider
5 hours ago
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Cryptoprivacy on trial: jury to decide if Tornado Cash's Roman Storm is a $1B money launderer or a free speech hero
A federal jury in Manhattan is about to get an education in cryptocurrency mixing, the future of "DeFi," and how North Korean dictator Kim Jong Un pays for his nukes. Jury selection begins Monday, and cyberprivacy advocates say the verdict will shape the very future of decentralized finance, or DeFi. That's the blockchain-based system where users can lend, borrow, and earn interest on cryptocurrencies person to person, bypassing banks, exchanges, or the stock market. According to an online resource for currency traders, the DeFi market has a market value of about $121 billion. Opening statements may begin as early as Tuesday. "If I lose my case, DeFi dies with me," the trial's lone defendant, Seattle-based software developer Roman Storm, rather dramatically pronounced in a podcast a week ago. Storm is one of the creators of Tornado Cash, a software tool that digitally "mixes" cryptocurrency, scrambling transactions to make them even more anonymous. It lets users deposit and withdraw crypto from a shared pool, obscuring their identities. Federal prosecutors say that between 2019 and 2022, the 35-year-old Russian expat knowingly let hackers and fraudsters use Tornado Cash to scramble and launder more than $1 billion — and made millions himself in the process. "The Tornado Cash service was used to launder large volumes of criminal proceeds with the knowledge and participation of the defendant," Assistant US Attorney Thane Rehn told the judge in 2023, when Storm pleaded not guilty at his first Manhattan court appearance. Prosecutors are particularly concerned over the hundreds of millions of dollars in crypto they say Storm laundered for the Lazarus Group, the notorious North Korea-sponsored cybercrime organization credited with the 2014 Sony Pictures hack, an $81 million Bangladeshi bank heist in 2016, and the 2017 WannaCry ransomware attacks. Federal and UN officials say Kim uses the Lazarus Group to fund his nuclear missile program. In 2022, the Biden Treasury Department barred US citizens from using Tornado Cash, saying that Lazarus Group and other cybercrooks used it to launder more than $7 billion in criminal proceeds. The Trump Treasury Department lifted these sanctions without explanation in March. A DeFi cause célèbre Storm is now a cause célèbre among DeFi and blockchain privacy advocates. Amicus briefs on his behalf have been filed by the Blockchain Association, Coin Center, the DeFi Education Fund, Paradigm, and the Electronic Frontier Foundation. He has received significant financial support as well. According to more than $2.5 million in the Ethereum network-backed cryptocurrency Ether has been donated for Storm's and fellow Tornado Cash developer Alexey Pertsev's legal defense, thanks to fundraising by the Ethereum Foundation, Paradigm, and others. Pertsev was convicted of money laundering in a Dutch court last year. A third Tornado Cash cofounder, Roman Semenov, was charged with Storm but remains a fugitive. The defense contends in court filings that Storm never had control over or custody of the money that passed through his cryptocurrency mixing tool and never knowingly helped cybercriminals. "I did not have any contact whatsoever with any criminals, any criminal organizations, any illicit actors, any North Koreans," Storm said on the podcast Crypto in America. Prosecutors say communications show otherwise, including one in which Storm told his cofounders, "Guys, we're fucked" as the bits, so to speak, hit the fan. Privacy advocates and Storm himself complain that his prosecution persists despite a DOJ memo in April announcing the office "will no longer target virtual currency exchanges, mixing and tumbling services, and offline wallets for the acts of their end uses." "The Department of Justice is not a digital assets regulator," said the memo. Signed by Trump lawyer-turned-Deputy US Attorney General Todd Blanche, it criticized the Biden administration for "pursuing a reckless strategy of regulation by prosecution." Attorneys for Storm did not respond to requests for comment on Friday. A spokesperson for the US Attorney's Office in Manhattan declined to comment on the ongoing case. Tornado Cash keeps spinning Tornado Cash, meanwhile, keeps spinning along. Storm told the Crypto in America podcast last week that all he did was write code. "I did not feel I'm responsible for managing how somebody's using the software," he said. And once the code for Tornado Cash was let loose into the DeFi world, it basically ran automatically, he told the podcast. He couldn't flip the off switch if he tried, he said, because no such switch exists. "Correct," Storm answered when the podcasters asked if Tornado Cash is still up and running. "It's always been running. Just like the Ethereum network, or the bitcoin network, or the internet," he said. "It's immutable and decentralized," he said. "It's unstoppable." Storm remains free on $2 million bail and faces up to 40 years in prison if convicted. "I don't have a 100% answer right now," he said when the podcasters asked if he intends to take the stand. "I may, or may not." The trial is expected to last at least three weeks.