logo
Our brightest star can lead us to Orion's hunting dog

Our brightest star can lead us to Orion's hunting dog

The Guardian17-03-2025
This week we will use the brightest star in the night sky to find a less than obvious constellation.
Canis Major, the Great Dog, was included in Ptolemy's 2nd-century list of 48 constellations in his great work Almagest. This became the standard reference work for astronomy for a millennium, providing the basis on which the northern and equatorial skies are still divided into constellations.
The Almagest also championed the idea that Earth, not the sun, was the centre of the solar system, so it was not perfect.
The chart shows the view looking south-south-west from London at 2030 GMT on 17 March, although the view will be essentially the same all week.
Orion's belt points to the brilliant dog star, Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky. From there, the rest of the dog's shape can be traced using the fainter stars in the constellation. A dark sky will be useful for this.
Canis Major, and the nearby constellation Canis Minor (not shown on the chart), are Orion's hunting dogs.
From the southern hemisphere, Canis Major rides high in the sky during the evening at this time of year. Face north-west and look for it, up near the zenith.
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Disturbing Ancient Egyptian graves reveal brutal treatment of corpses 5,000 years ago including shock teen girl's burial
Disturbing Ancient Egyptian graves reveal brutal treatment of corpses 5,000 years ago including shock teen girl's burial

Scottish Sun

time3 days ago

  • Scottish Sun

Disturbing Ancient Egyptian graves reveal brutal treatment of corpses 5,000 years ago including shock teen girl's burial

The girl's body was carefully aligned with the setting sun on the winter solstice, while her coffin also pointed towards the rising of Sirius, the brightest star in the sky Click to share on X/Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) ARCHAEOLOGISTS have uncovered a disturbing Ancient Egyptian burial practice that saw people dismembered before being put to rest. The discovery offers a rare insight into the spiritual life of villagers more than 5,000 years ago - and may even mark the beginning of religion for the ancient pharaohs. Sign up for Scottish Sun newsletter Sign up 3 Using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, researchers analysed patterns among more than 900 tombs across the 74-acre Adaiima site Credit: Alcouffe, A., Duchesne, S., Tupikova, I. et al./ Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory Researchers found the remains of a teenage girl whose arm had been deliberately severed after her death and positioned to match her left arm. The girl's left arm was bent unnaturally in a more than 90degree angle and tucked in very tightly. The limb was removed near the lower part of the upper arm and forearm, possibly done using an axe. The muscles were most likely sliced with a flint blade, according to researchers. Her severed arm was carefully arranged to appear almost intact, with the hand placed beside the forearm. Buried in the Adaiima cemetery on the west bank of the Nile river, the remains date back to between 3300 to 2700 BC. The girl's body was carefully aligned with the setting sun on the winter solstice, while her coffin also pointed towards the rising of Sirius, the brightest star in the sky. Celestial alignments, and other symbolic gestures, likely influenced the religious traditions later embraced by Egypt's first pharaohs who emerged between 100 and 400 years later. 3 Buried in the Adaiima cemetery on the west bank of the Nile river, the remains date back to between 3300 to 2700 BC Credit: Getty Her burial may also be the earliest sign of the Osiris and Isis myth - where the goddess Isis reassembles the dismembered body of Osiris beneath the rising Sirius. The tale is thought to symbolise death, rebirth, and cosmic order. Ancient Egyptian Tombs: Over a Thousand Mummies Unveiled The cemetery her remains were found in is one of Egypt's oldest and most thoroughly studied, and paints a detailed picture about how funerary practices changed over time. Using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, researchers analysed patterns among more than 900 tombs across the 74-acre Adaiima site. Another coffin that was positioned to catch the winter sun contained a woman buried with ornate jewelry and pottery. A third grave, also belonging to a woman, faced the summer sunset and contained a ceremonial staff and plant-fiber wig. The study suggests these early burials shaped the mythology later adopted by Egypt's ruling elite - from their sky-based alignments to their ritual gestures, such as dismemberment. Older graves were placed around earlier, astronomically-aligned tombs, suggesting those burials held continued to hold religious or ancestral significance over the years. Ivory boat models and fine coffins were found with remains researchers believed once belonged to individuals of higher status or spiritual importance. Similar to the dismemberment, a singular bone belonging to a child was found placed on the chest of an adult in a later tomb. In the myth of Osiris, Isis gathers the scattered body parts of her murdered husband after he is slain by his jealous brother, Set. "Sepdet, which we know as Sirius, was believed to be the appearance of Isis in the sky," the study said. "When the state emerged, it did not create religion from scratch. "It absorbed long-standing practices and reworked them into royal narratives."

Photos reveal the birth of a new solar system
Photos reveal the birth of a new solar system

Daily Mail​

time16-07-2025

  • Daily Mail​

Photos reveal the birth of a new solar system

Scientists have captured the birth of a new solar system for the very first time. These incredible images reveal the exact moment when planets began to form around a star 1,300 light-years from Earth. Located within the constellation Orion, the 'baby' proto-star HOPS-315 is surrounded by a ring of hot minerals that are only just starting to clump together. Scientists say these cosmic baby photos are just like what our own Sun would have looked like over four billion years ago. Lead author Professor Melissa McClure, an astronomer at Leiden University, told MailOnline: 'The star has disc and stellar properties that are very similar to what was expected for the Sun at only 100,000 years old. 'So it provides a snapshot of what the Sun might have looked like in its infancy.' Scientists believe that planets emerge from structures called protoplanetary discs - spinning wheels of hot matter that form around young stars. Now, using the James Webb Space Telescope and the ALMA telescope in Chile, scientists have finally been able to see what this process looks like. Astronomers often spot protoplanetary discs swirling around young stars or find discs that contain newborn, massive, Jupiter-like planets. However, the exact moment that planets start to condense has remained elusive. Within our own solar system, the very first material to condense near where the Earth currently orbits is trapped inside ancient meteorites. By analyzing these fragments of the early solar system when they fall to Earth, scientists know that they are packed with minerals rich in the chemical silicon monoxide. Since this chemical only condenses in the super-hot conditions of a young protoplanetary disk, its presence is a key sign of planetary formation. The first kilometer-sized 'planetesimals' (the tiny building blocks of planets), in the solar system formed just after these crystalline minerals started to condense. However, this moment, known as the "t=0" point, has never been seen because young stars are usually shrouded in an envelope of cold gas. But by finding a star system with 'just the right geometry', the researchers were able to peer through this thick cocoon and see the planetary disk inside. The signals of silicon monoxide were first detected around HOPS-315 by the James Webb Space Telescope. Researchers then used the ALMA telescope to work out exactly where those signals were coming from. Importantly, in their paper, published today in Nature, Professor McClure and her co-authors show that the chemicals around HOPS-315 are just beginning to cool. Professor McClure says: 'We were able to detect cooling silicon monoxide gas and these same crystalline minerals around a young protostar that is 100,000-200,000 years old.' The fact that the minerals are in both solid and gas states is a 'smoking gun' for this being the exact t=0 moment. They determined that the chemical signals were coming from a small region of the disc. This region was stretched in a ring around the star at a distance equivalent to where we find the asteroid belt in our solar system. Co-author Dr Logan Francis, a researcher at Leiden University, says: 'We're really seeing these minerals at the same location in this extrasolar system as where we see them in asteroids in the Solar System.' That similarity shows that HOPS-315 is undergoing a process of planet formation which is very similar to the one which produced Earth and all the other planets. This means scientists can study HOPS-315 to learn more about how our own planet formed billions of years ago. Co-author Professor Merel van 't Hoff, of Purdue University, says: 'We're seeing a system that looks like what our Solar System looked like when it was just beginning to form. 'This system is one of the best that we know to actually probe some of the processes that happened in our Solar System.'

See the birth of a new SOLAR SYSTEM: Incredible photos reveal the moment planets began to form around a star 1,300 light-years away
See the birth of a new SOLAR SYSTEM: Incredible photos reveal the moment planets began to form around a star 1,300 light-years away

Daily Mail​

time16-07-2025

  • Daily Mail​

See the birth of a new SOLAR SYSTEM: Incredible photos reveal the moment planets began to form around a star 1,300 light-years away

Scientists have captured the birth of a new solar system for the very first time. These incredible images reveal the exact moment when planets began to form around a star 1,300 light-years from Earth. Located within the constellation Orion, the 'baby' proto-star HOPS-315 is surrounded by a ring of hot minerals that are only just starting to clump together. Scientists say these cosmic baby photos are just like what our own Sun would have looked like over four billion years ago. Lead author Professor Melissa McClure, an astronomer at Leiden University, told MailOnline: 'The star has disc and stellar properties that are very similar to what was expected for the Sun at only 100,000 years old. 'So it provides a snapshot of what the Sun might have looked like in its infancy.' Scientists believe that planets emerge from structures called protoplanetary discs - spinning wheels of hot matter that form around young stars. Now, using the James Webb Space Telescope and the ALMA telescope in Chile, scientists have finally been able to see what this process looks like. Astronomers often spot protoplanetary discs swirling around young stars or find discs that contain newborn, massive, Jupiter-like planets. However, the exact moment that planets start to condense has remained elusive. Within our own solar system, the very first material to condense near where the Earth currently orbits is trapped inside ancient meteorites. By analysing these fragments of the early solar system when they fall to Earth, scientists know that they are packed with minerals rich in the chemical silicon monoxide. Since this chemical only condenses in the super-hot conditions of a young protoplanetary disk, its presence is a key sign of planetary formation. The first kilometre-sized 'planetesimals' (the tiny building blocks of planets), in the solar system formed just after these crystalline minerals started to condense. However, this moment, known as the "t=0" point, has never been seen because young stars are usually shrouded in an envelope of cold gas. But by finding a star system with 'just the right geometry', the researchers were able to peer through this thick cocoon and see the planetary disk inside. Located within the constellation Orion, the star HOPS-315 (circled in red) is just 100,000 years old. This makes it just a 'baby' star compared to others in the galaxy The signals of silicon monoxide were first detected around HOPS-315 by the James Webb Space Telescope. Researchers then used the ALMA telescope to work out exactly where those signals were coming from. Importantly, in their paper, published today in Nature, Professor McClure and her co-authors show that the chemicals around HOPS-315 are just beginning to cool. Professor McClure says: 'We were able to detect cooling silicon monoxide gas and these same crystalline minerals around a young protostar that is 100,000-200,000 years old.' The fact that the minerals are in both solid and gas states is a 'smoking gun' for this being the exact t=0 moment. They determined that the chemical signals were coming from a small region of the disc. This region was stretched in a ring around the star at a distance equivalent to where we find the asteroid belt in our solar system. Co-author Dr Logan Francis, a researcher at Leiden University, says: 'We're really seeing these minerals at the same location in this extrasolar system as where we see them in asteroids in the Solar System.' That similarity shows that HOPS-315 is undergoing a process of planet formation which is very similar to the one which produced Earth and all the other planets. This means scientists can study HOPS-315 to learn more about how our own planet formed billions of years ago. Co-author Professor Merel van 't Hoff, of Purdue University, says: 'We're seeing a system that looks like what our Solar System looked like when it was just beginning to form. 'This system is one of the best that we know to actually probe some of the processes that happened in our Solar System.' An asteroid is a large chunk of rock left over from collisions or the early solar system. Most are located between Mars and Jupiter in the Main Belt. A comet is a rock covered in ice, methane and other compounds. Their orbits take them much further out of the solar system. A meteor is what astronomers call a flash of light in the atmosphere when debris burns up. This debris itself is known as a meteoroid. Most are so small they are vapourised in the atmosphere. If any of this meteoroid makes it to Earth, it is called a meteorite.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store