Bedouins evacuated from Druze areas in Sweida as cease-fire holds

L'Orient-Le Jour

6 days ago

Syrian authorities on Monday evacuated Bedouin families from the Druze-majority city of Sweida, after a ceasefire in the southern province halted a week of sectarian bloodshed that a monitor said killed more than 1,100 people.
The violence, which followed massacres of Alawites in March and clashes involving the Druze in April and May, has shaken the Islamist rule of interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa, who has pledged to protect minorities in a country devastated by 14 years of war.
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights monitor said the ceasefire was largely holding despite isolated gunfire in areas north of Sweida city with no reports of casualties.
An AFP correspondent saw a convoy of buses and other vehicles enter the provincial capital and exit carrying civilians, including women and children.
State news agency SANA said 1,500 people from Bedouin tribes were to be evacuated.
The ceasefire announced Saturday put an end to the sectarian violence that has left more than 1,100 dead, most of them Druze fighters and civilians, according to the Observatory, whose toll also includes several hundred government security personnel.
Fatima Abdel-Qader, 52, a Bedouin who was leaving the city on foot, said that "we've been surrounded for 10 days, unable to leave or come back -- anyone who wanted to go out risked gunfire and clashes."
"We were afraid that someone would come to our home and kill us all," she told AFP, adding that they had no way of even getting food or water.
Damascus has accused Druze groups of attacking and killing Bedouins during the clashes.
'Unthinkable'
Clashes began on July 13 between Druze and Bedouin tribes, who have had tense relations for decades.
Witnesses, Druze factions and a monitor have accused government forces of siding with the Bedouin and committing abuses including summary executions when they entered Sweida last week, while Sunni Arab tribes also converged on the area in support of the Bedouin.
The cease-fire effectively began on Sunday after Bedouin and tribal fighters withdrew from Sweida city and Druze groups regained control.
The U.S. special envoy to Syria, Tom Barrack, said Monday that what had happened in Sweida was "unthinkable".
"You have a Syrian government in effect. They need to be held accountable. They also need to be given the responsibility that they're there to do," told a press conference on a visit to neighbouring Lebanon.
The weekend cease-fire announcement came hours after Barrack said the United States had negotiated a truce between Syria's Islamist government and Israel, which had bombed government forces in both Sweida and Damascus earlier in the week.
Israel, which has its own Druze community, has said it was acting in defense of the group, as well as to enforce its demands for the total demilitarisation of Syria's south.
The deal allowed the deployment of government security forces in Sweida province but not its main city.
The AFP correspondent said security forces had erected sand mounds to block some of Sweida's entrances.
Sunni tribal fighters were sitting on the roadside beyond the checkpoints.
Aid convoy
At the main hospital in Sweida city, dozens of bodies were still waiting to be identified, with a forensic medicine official at the facility saying that "we still have 97 unidentified corpses".
According to the United Nations, the violence has displaced more than 128,000 people, an issue that has also made collecting and identifying bodies more difficult.
More than 450 of the dead had been brought to the Sweida national hospital by Sunday evening, with more still being recovered from the streets and homes.
"The dead bodies sent a terrible smell through all the floors of the hospital," said nurse Hisham Breik, who had not left the facility since the violence began.
"The situation has been terrible. We couldn't walk around the hospital without wearing a mask," he said, his voice trembling, adding that the wounded included women, children and the elderly.
The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs said hospitals and health centres in Sweida province were out of service, with "reports of unburied bodies raising serious public health concerns".
Humanitarian access to Sweida "remains highly constrained", it said in a statement late Sunday.
On Sunday, a first humanitarian aid convoy entered the city which has seen power and water cuts and shortages of fuel, food and medical supplies.
A Red Crescent official told AFP the supplies included body bags.