
Full Year 2024 VCI Global Ltd Earnings Call
Zhi Feng Ang; Chief Financial Officer, Director; VCI Global Ltd
Operator
Good morning everyone and welcome to VCI Global fiscal-year 2024 earnings conference call. Joining me today to discuss our results are Victor Hoo, our group Executive Chairman and CEO; and Zhi Feng Ang, our CFO. Before we begin, I would like to take this opportunity to remind you that our remarks today may contain forward-looking statements, which are subject to future events and uncertainties. Statements that are not historical facts, including but not limited to statements about the company's beliefs and expectations are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risk and uncertainties, and our actual results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements should be considered in conjunction with the cautionary statements in our earnings release and the risk factors including in our followings with SES. This presentation also includes certain non-gap financial measures which we believe can be helpful in evaluating our performance. However, those measures should not be considered substitutes for comparable GAAP measures. The accompanying conciliation information related to those non-gap and GAAP measures can be found in our earnings press release issued earlier today. Without further ado, I will now turn the call over to our group's executive Chairman and CEO, Mr. Victor Hoo.
Victor Hoo
Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining the call to discuss our 2024 performance. I'm pleased to report a strong year for VCI Global. We achieved a 41% increase in revenue, reaching $27.8 million and $0.4 million increase in net income, amounting to USD7.6 million compared to the previous fiscal year. This remarkable growth was driven by solid performance across all our business segments. Despite a challenging macroeconomic environment, I'm particularly proud of the strategic milestone we achieved. While the growth in net profit may appear modest, it reflects deliberate investment we make in building a stronger foundation, for example, expanding our team, hiring top talent, and enhancing our infrastructure. These investments are positioning us for isolated growth and sustainable growth in 2025. One of our standout achievements this year was the success of our technology division solution and consultancy segment. We introduced innovation in generative AI and AI powered digital human technology, which not only reinforced our vision to lead in the tech space, but also booster the rapid expansion of our cybersecurity as a service and AI as a service offerings under Val and and. Our advisory business also saw significant progress. The Capital Consulting Group Limited or VCCG, our dedicated Capital Markets advisory division, is preparing for a carveout IPO. This move reflects our confidence in the long-term potential of the capital market advisory space, even amid broader macroeconomic volatility. To further support our growth, we are expanding our regional footprint with new offices in Singapore, aimed at scaling our cybersecurity and capital market advisory services, and in Hong Kong to deepen our presence and client reach across Greater China. This strategic initiative reinforced our position as a regional leader in capital market consultancy. Building on the record setting year, our strong performance reflects both strategy execution across high growth sectors where we see sustained demand. In 2025, we will continue accelerating the development of our cross-sector platform strategy, seamlessly integrating AI infrastructure, CSAS, fintech Solutions, renewable energy assets, and capital market advisory. Now, I'll turn the call over to Mr. Ang to provide more details on our financial performance.
Zhi Feng Ang
Thank you, Victor, and thank you again to everyone for joining us today for VCIG's fiscal year 2024 earnings call. I'm Ang, CFO of VCIG, and I'm pleased to provide an overview of our financial performance. We are proud to have delivered exceptional results in fiscal year 2024. Our revenue rose by 41% compared to the previous year, driven by strong performance across all core verticals. These results validate our long term strategy and the unwavering dedications of our team. Let's take a closer look at our revenue breakdown. Revenue from business strategy consultancy increased by 1% from USD14.7 million in 2023 to USD14.8 million in fiscal year 2024, reflecting overall consistency in performance year over year. The company continued to execute high impact transactions, including the successful leasing of founder Group Limited FGL in short on October 23, 2024 and YY Group Holding Limited, YYGH in short on April 22, 2024. Several other clients are currently progressing through the IPO pipeline, further reinforcing BCI Glover, strong positioning and growing credibility within the US capital market ecosystem. Meanwhile, our technology development solutions and consultancy. Saw remarkable growth, revenue surged by 155% to USD11.4 million in fiscal year 2024 compared to USD4.5 million the previous year. The savor increase was driven by advancement in our generative AI solutions, AI digital human technology, and other ongoing projects. We also delivered strong improvement in profitability through discipline cost management and beta rose by 13% to USD8.3 million in fiscal year 2024, representing a 30% margin on revenue. Net income came in at USD7.6 million and earnings per share increased by 143%, reaching $0.51. Overall, we are proud of our achievement and the continued improvement in our profitability. Thank you once again for joining us to review our financial results. We look forward to connecting with you at our next announcement.
Operator
Thank you, Mr. Ang. We would now like to begin the Q&A session as we receive a few questions from the floor during the conference. First question is addressed to Mr. Victor. Can you elaborate on some of the key financial highlights for fiscal year 2024, particularly area where VCI Global demonstrated the strongest performance?
Victor Hoo
Absolutely. In the fiscal year 2024, Visa Global delivered strong performance across several key areas. We recorded 41% increase in revenue, reaching $27.8 million, driven by solid contributions from all our business segments. Our technology division performed exceptionally well, especially in AI and police services, full by growing demand and innovation such as AI power solutions and supported by new projects focused on developing generative AI capabilities and AI digital human technologies, which are gaining strong traction in the market. Net profit rose to USD7.5 million up from $7.1 million the previous year, despite increased investment in talent, infrastructure, and strategy initiatives. This reflects our commitment to building long-term value and readiness to scale for future opportunities. These results underscore our strong execution, diversified business model, and forward-looking strategy.
Operator
On a more strategic note, can you explain how VCI Global and its cross-sector offerings will benefit shareholders?
Victor Hoo
VCI Global's cross-sector strategy is designed to create synergies that drive sustainable growth and maximize shareholder value by integrating key sectors such as AI infrastructure, cybersecurity, fintech solutions, and capital market advisory services, we can offer comprehensive bundle services that address multiple client needs. This is not only increases customer lifetime value, but also reduces customer acquisition costs, resulting in higher margins and a more resilient recurring revenue base. Additionally, this diversified approach positions PCC Global to capitalize on emerging trends and tap into high growth sectors with enduring demand. By strengthening our platform across multiple industries, we provide shareholders with a unique competitive edge and opportunity to benefit from long term value creation and innovation. Our strategy is about building infrastructure that supports the digital economy, which ultimately drives scalability, increases profitability, and enhances the stability of our revenue streams. Key factors that directly contribute to the long-term growth and success of the Global benefiting our shareholders.
Operator
With the carveout IPO of VCCG in the pipeline, is VCIG considering additional carveout for other business segments? Could you elaborate on the broader strategy behind this approach? Additionally, can you provide more details on VCCG carveout and its growth potential?
Victor Hoo
The upcoming carve-out IPO of VCCG is part of our broader strategy to incubate high potential business units and unlock their value to public markets. VCCG, our capital markets and strategic advisory division, has shown strong momentum. Particularly in IPO and M&A services, we expect the IPO to take place in the third quarter of 2025, and this move will not only give VCCG greater visibility and access to capital, but also create added value for VCF global shareholders. This carve-out model enables us to scale efficiently, attract dedicated resources, and accelerate growth while maintaining strategic oversight. Well, I can't disclose specifics just yet, we do have to replicate this model across other fast growing segments, especially in AI and cybersecurity. It's a disciplined way to remain agile, and lock shadow value and full expansion in high demand verticals.
Operator
We also received a question via email asking whether VCI Global has an international expansion strategy beyond the previously mentioned expansions in Singapore and Hong Kong.
Victor Hoo
We made strong headway in our expansion plans. In the first quarter of 2025, we established offices in Singapore and Hong Kong, and we will be announcing the appointment of country CEOs shortly. Additionally, we are in advanced talks with partners and clients in the Middle East and expect to expand into that region very soon. This international footprint is part of our broader strategy to tap into the high growth markets and position with CIG as a truly global player across our technology and consulting verticals. It will also allow us to scale our services, diversify our revenue streams, and better serve clients with cross-border needs.
Operator
Given the current geopolitical tensions and the growing interest in AI infrastructure, how is your subsidiary Valland navigating these challenges, especially since Valant integrate both DeepSeek LLM and NVIDIA GPU? And how does your AI infrastructure stand out in a crowded market?
Victor Hoo
Valen is strategically positioned to navigate rising geopolitical tension by offering a flexible AI infrastructure that bridges eastern and Western technologies through the integration of DeepSeek's advanced and ambidious leading GPO platforms. We deliver robust region agnostic solution that minimizes dependency on any single supply chain. This hybrid approach ensures resilience and continuity for our clients, enabling them to access cutting-edge AI capabilities without being limited by regional restrictions or geopolitical risks. By leveraging the strength of both ecosystems, we provide a neutral globally interoperable platform that stands out in this fragmented landscape. Our air as a service model, the eye is not only cost efficient but also built for speed and scalability. Clients can deploy tailored AI solutions powered by LLM such as DeepSeek or Lama and integrated with a range of AI agents within 24 hours. Our system supports both the GPUs and alternative regional hardware, eliminating the need for high upfront cap packs and specialized talent. This plug and place significantly lowers the barrier to enterprise AI adoption while maintaining performance and ability.
Operator
VCI Global has developed a proprietary cybersecurity as a service solution. Can you speak to the competitive landscape in this space and what differentiates your platform from the others in the market?
Victor Hoo
While the cybersecurity space is highly competitive, what sets VCR global apart is our proprietary cybersecurity as a service solution. Cybersecure, which delivers comprehensive real-time protection at both the hardware and software levels. A key feature of cybersecure is its automated backup of the user's entire operating system. This allows for immediate data recovery in the event of a breach, including ransomware incidents. This capability is critically important for organizations seeking to ensure business continuity and minimize operational downtime. Furthermore, cybersecure incorporates military grid encryption directly into the hardware. This chip level encryption creates an additional layer of defense, making it significantly more difficult for remote attacks to succeed. Physical access to the device will be required, which is a far higher threshold for potential traits. The solution is delivered via a subscription model, which is structured to reduce upfront capital expenditure for enterprises while ensuring onward access to the latest updates and trade intelligence even for on-premises deployments. Ultimately, cybersecure brings together robust real-time protection, rapid bridge recovery, and resilient hardware level security into one unified platform, which we believe provides a strong value proposition for our clients.
Operator
Thank you, Mr. Victor. We appreciate the thoughtful questions from the floor. With all submitted questions addressed, this concludes our earnings conference. I will now hand the mic back to Mr. Victor, the group executive Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of VCI Global, for his closing remarks.
Victor Hoo
Thank you again to everyone for being here today and for the engaging questions during the Q&A session. 2024 has been a remarkable year for VCI Global. We achieved record revenue and net income, launched innovative technologies, and taken bold steps to scale our cross-sector platform. What we have shared today reflects our unwavering commitment to long-term value creation and strategic execution across high growthics. Looking ahead, 2025 will be a year of continued momentum. We are moving forward with a public listing of VCCG and further scaling our AI and cybersecurity capabilities to be gathered. Our mission remains clear to build future ready infrastructure that drives recurring value, lowers acquisition costs, and enhances shareholder returns. On behalf of the leadership team, I want to thank our shareholders, employees, partners, and all stakeholders for your continued trust and support. We look forward to delivering another year of strong sustainable growth together. Thank you, and we'll see you at the next update.

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Underpinned by those audiences and their data, we offer expert-led, data-driven, and digitally enabled services that have the potential to deliver significant impact and measurable outcomes to our clients: Trusted information that shapes the industry and informs investment Intelligence and advice that guides and influences strategy Advertising that grows reputation and establishes thought leadership Custom content that engages and prompts action Intent and demand generation that more precisely targets and converts Informa TechTarget is headquartered in Boston, MA and has offices in 19 global locations. For more information, visit and follow us on LinkedIn. © 2025 TechTarget, Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Non-GAAP Financial Measures This release and the accompanying tables include a discussion of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Combined Company Revenue, Combined Company Net Loss, Combined Company Net Loss Margin, Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA and Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA Margin, all of which are non-GAAP financial measures which are provided as a complement to results provided in accordance with GAAP. 'Adjusted EBITDA' means earnings before net interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, as further adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation, other income and expenses such as asset impairment and impairment related to goodwill, and costs related to mergers, acquisitions or reduction in forces expenses, if any. 'Adjusted EBITDA Margin' means Adjusted EBITDA divided by Revenue. 'Combined Company Revenue' means revenue calculated as if the acquisition of Former TechTarget occurred on January 1, 2023. See Footnote 5 of the Company's Form 10-K for December 31, 2024 for additional information related to our presentation of unaudited supplemental Combined Company financial information. 'Combined Company Net Loss' means net income/loss calculated as if the acquisition of Former TechTarget had occurred on January 1, 2023. See Footnote 5 of the Company's Form 10-K for December 31, 2024 for additional information related to our presentation of unaudited supplemental Combined Company financial information. 'Combined Company Net Loss Margin' means Combined Company Net Loss divided by Combined Company Revenue. 'Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA' means earnings before net interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, as further adjusted to exclude stock-based compensation, other income and expenses such as asset impairment and impairment related to goodwill, and costs related to mergers, acquisitions or reduction in forces expenses, if any. See Footnote 5 of the Company's Form 10-K for December 31, 2024 for additional information related to our presentation of unaudited supplemental Combined Company financial information. The items included in the calculation assume the acquisition of Former TechTarget had occurred on January 1, 2023. 'Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA Margin' means Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA divided by Combined Company Revenue. These non-GAAP measures should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP, but should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, GAAP results. In addition, our definitions of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA margin, Combined Company Revenue, Combined Company Net Loss, Combined Company Net Loss Margin, Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA and Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA Margin, may not be comparable to the definitions as reported by other companies. We believe that these measures provide relevant and useful information to enable us and investors to compare our operating performance using an additional measurement. We use these measures in our internal management reporting and planning process as primary measures to evaluate the operating performance of our business, as well as potential acquisitions. Combined Company measures are provided to assist our investors in further comparing our performance as if the acquisition of Former TechTarget occurred on January 1, 2023. The components of Adjusted EBITDA and Combined Company Adjusted EBITDA include the key revenue and expense items for which our operating managers are responsible and upon which we evaluate their performance. Adjusted EBITDA is also used in presentations to our Board of Directors. Furthermore, we intend to provide these non-GAAP financial measures as part of our future earnings discussions and, therefore, the inclusion of these non-GAAP financial measures will provide consistency in our financial reporting. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to GAAP is provided in the accompanying tables, except that full reconciliations of certain forward-looking non-GAAP measures are not provided because the Company is unable to provide such reconciliations without unreasonable effort due to the uncertainty and inherent difficulty of predicting the occurrence and financial impact of certain significant items. These items include, but are not limited to, acquisition and integration costs, amortization of intangible assets, restructuring and other expenses, asset impairment, and the income tax effect of these items. These items are uncertain, depend on various factors, including, but not limited to, our recent acquisition of Former TechTarget and could have a material impact on GAAP reported results for the relevant period. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This press release contains 'forward-looking statements'. All statements, other than historical facts, are forward-looking statements, including: statements regarding the expected benefits of the transactions consummated on December 2, 2024 (the 'Closing Date') pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 10, 2024, among TechTarget Holdings Inc. (formerly known as TechTarget, Inc. ('Former TechTarget')), Informa TechTarget, Toro Acquisition Sub, LLC, Informa PLC, Informa US Holdings Limited, and Informa Intrepid Holdings Inc. (the 'Transactions'), such as improved operations, enhanced revenues and cash flow, synergies, growth potential, market profile, business plans, expanded portfolio and financial strength; the competitive ability and position of Informa TechTarget; legal, economic, and regulatory conditions; and any assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. Forward-looking statements concern future circumstances and results and other statements that are not historical facts and are sometimes identified by the words 'may,' 'will,' 'should,' 'potential,' 'intend,' 'expect,' 'endeavor,' 'seek,' 'anticipate,' 'estimate,' 'overestimate,' 'underestimate,' 'believe,' 'plan,' 'could,' 'would,' 'project,' 'predict,' 'continue,' 'target,' or the negatives of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern Informa TechTarget's expectations, strategy, priorities, plans, or intentions. Forward-looking statements are based upon current plans, estimates, and expectations that are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those indicated or anticipated by such forward-looking statements. We can give no assurance that such plans, estimates, or expectations will be achieved, and therefore, actual results may differ materially from any plans, estimates, or expectations in such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such plans, estimates, or expectations include, among others: unexpected costs, charges, or expenses resulting from the Transactions; uncertainty regarding the expected financial performance of Informa TechTarget; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Transactions, including as a result of integrating the Informa Tech Digital Businesses with the business of Former TechTarget; the ability of Informa TechTarget to implement its business strategy; difficulties and delays in Informa TechTarget achieving revenue and cost synergies; evolving legal, regulatory, and tax regimes; changes in economic, financial, political, and regulatory conditions, in the United States and elsewhere, and other factors that contribute to uncertainty and volatility, natural and man-made disasters, civil unrest, pandemics, geopolitical uncertainty, and conditions that may result from legislative, regulatory, trade, and policy changes associated with the current or subsequent U.S. administrations; Informa TechTarget's ability to meet expectations regarding the accounting and tax treatments of the Transactions; market acceptance of Informa TechTarget's products and services; the impact of pandemics and future health epidemics and any related economic downturns on Informa TechTarget and the markets in which it and its customers operate; changes in economic or regulatory conditions or other trends affecting the internet, internet advertising and IT industries; data privacy and artificial intelligence laws, rules, and regulations; the impact of foreign currency exchange rates; certain macroeconomic factors facing the global economy, including instability in the regional banking sector, disruptions in the capital markets, economic sanctions and economic slowdowns or recessions, rising inflation and interest rate fluctuations on the operating results of Informa TechTarget; and other matters included in Risk Factors of Informa TechTarget's Form 10-K for fiscal year 2024 (filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the 'SEC') on May 28, 2025) and other documents filed by Informa TechTarget from time to time with the SEC. This summary of risks and uncertainties should not be considered to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties that may affect Informa TechTarget. Other factors may affect the accuracy and reliability of forward-looking statements. We caution you not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements as they are not guarantees of future performance or outcomes. Actual performance and outcomes, including, without limitation, Informa TechTarget's actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this press release. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release. None of Informa TechTarget, its affiliates, advisors or representatives, undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or developments, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements. (1) Assumes income taxes payable calculated at the low preliminary range. If calculated at the high preliminary range, income taxes payable would be $66,861 and total current liabilities would be $189,938. Expand TechTarget, Inc. Unaudited Selected Preliminary Earnings Information ($ in thousands) For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 March 31, 2025 March 31, 2024 High Preliminary Range Low Preliminary Range As Restated Revenues 1 $ 103,887 $ 103,887 $ 58,659 Cost of revenues 1,2 (44,160 ) (44,160 ) (23,969 ) Gross profit 59,727 59,727 34,690 Operating expenses: Selling and marketing 2 33,310 33,310 13,807 General and administrative 1,2 24,284 24,284 18,178 Product development 2 2,789 2,789 3,019 Depreciation 532 532 403 Amortization, excluding amortization of $2,473, and $102 included in cost of revenues 23,288 23,288 10,836 Impairment of goodwill 475,000 450,000 — Impairment of long-lived assets — — 1,864 Acquisition and integration costs 1 9,328 9,328 6,977 Remeasurement of contingent consideration — — 2,064 Total operating expenses 568,531 543,531 57,148 Operating loss (508,804 ) (483,804 ) (22,458 ) Other income (expense), net (4,081 ) (4,081 ) (4,749 ) Loss before provision for income taxes (512,885 ) (487,885 ) (27,207 ) Income tax benefit (provision) (32,000 ) (25,000 ) 7,698 Net loss $ (544,885 ) $ (512,885 ) $ (19,509 ) (1) Amounts include related party transactions as follows: Revenues 224 224 84 Cost of revenues 277 277 — General and administrative 6,279 6,279 8,505 Interest income — — 1,029 Acquisition and integration costs 46 46 6,055 (2) Amounts include stock-based compensation expense as follows: Cost of revenues 308 308 — Selling and marketing 2,757 2,757 — General and administrative 711 711 266 Product development 183 183 — Expand TechTarget, Inc. Reconciliation of Preliminary Net Loss to Preliminary Adjusted EBITDA and Preliminary Net Loss Margin to Preliminary Adjusted EBITDA Margin ($ in thousands) For Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 2025 2024 2024 High Preliminary Range Low Preliminary Range As Restated Combined Revenues $ 103,887 $ 103,887 $ 58,659 $ 110,295 Net loss $ (544,885 ) $ (512,885 ) $ (19,509 ) $ (31,588 ) Interest (income) expense, net 1,030 1,030 4,967 1,788 Provision (benefit) for income taxes 32,000 25,000 (7,698 ) (6,138 ) Depreciation 532 532 403 687 Amortization 25,761 25,761 10,938 24,603 EBITDA $ (485,562 ) $ (460,562 ) $ (10,899 ) $ (10,648 ) Stock-based compensation 3,959 3,959 266 11,725 Impairment of goodwill 475,000 450,000 — — Impairment of long-lived assets — — 1,864 1,864 Acquisition and integration costs 9,328 9,328 6,977 7,758 Remeasurement of contingent consideration — — 2,064 2,064 Adjusted EBITDA $ 2,725 $ 2,725 $ 272 $ 12,763 Net loss margin (524.5 )% (493.7 )% (33.3 )% (28.6 )% Adjusted EBITDA margin 2.6 % 2.6 % 0.5 % 11.6 % Expand TechTarget Inc. Reconciliation of Combined Company Revenue and Net Loss For the three months ended March 31, 2024 ($ in thousands) Historical Combined Company Informa Tech Digital Business (Note a) Former TechTarget (Note b) Transaction Accounting Adjustments Note Combined Company Revenues $ 58,659 $ 51,636 $ — $ 110,295 Cost of revenues: Cost of revenues (23,867 ) (19,158 ) 1,172 (c) (41,853 ) Amortization of acquired technology (102 ) (702 ) (4,265 ) (d) (5,069 ) Gross profit 34,690 31,776 (3,093 ) 63,373 Operating expenses: Selling and marketing 13,807 22,962 18 (e) 36,787 General and administrative 18,178 6,695 82 (f) 24,955 Product development 3,019 2,753 — 5,772 Depreciation 403 284 — 687 Amortization 10,836 3,525 5,173 (g) 19,534 Impairment of long-lived assets 1,864 — — 1,864 Acquisition and integration costs 6,977 — (5,745 ) (h) 1,232 Transaction and related expenses — 6,526 — 6,526 Remeasurement of contingent consideration 2,064 — — 2,064 Total operating expenses 57,148 42,745 (472 ) 99,421 Operating loss (22,458 ) (10,969 ) (2,621 ) (36,048 ) Interest expense — (552 ) — (552 ) Interest income 1,234 3,731 — 4,965 Other income (expense), net 218 (108 ) — 110 Related party interest expense (6,201 ) — — (6,201 ) Loss before provision for income taxes (27,207 ) (7,898 ) (2,621 ) (37,726 ) Income tax benefit (provision) 7,698 (2,190 ) 630 (i) 6,138 Net loss $ (19,509 ) $ (10,088 ) $ (1,991 ) $ (31,588 ) Expand (a) Represents the condensed statement of income of the Informa Tech Digital Business for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. (b) Represents the condensed consolidated statement of operations as reported in Former TechTarget's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. (c) Represents adjustments to cost of revenues associated with the elimination of TechTarget's historical lease expense, amortization related to existing computer software, internal-use software, and website development costs, and the recognition of the estimated lease expense based on remeasured lease liabilities and ROU assets. (d) Represents the elimination of Former TechTarget's historical amortization of acquired technology of $702 thousand and recognition of new amortization expense of $4,967 thousand resulting from intangible assets identified as part of the purchase price allocation. (e) Represents adjustments to selling and marketing expenses associated with the elimination of Former TechTarget's lease expense, and the recognition of the estimated lease expense based on remeasured lease liabilities and ROU assets. (f) Represents adjustments to general and administrative expenses associated with the elimination of Former TechTarget's historical lease expense, and the recognition of the estimated lease expense based on remeasured lease liabilities and ROU assets. (g) Represents the elimination of Former TechTarget's historical amortization of intangible assets of $3,525 thousand and recognition of new amortization expense of $8,698 thousand resulting from intangible assets identified as part of the purchase price allocation. (h) Represents the elimination of acquisition costs of $5,745 thousand incurred by the Informa Tech Digital Business for the three months ended March 31, 2024. (i) Represents the income tax effect of the pro forma adjustments presented. The pro forma income tax adjustments were estimated using a combined U.S. federal and statutory tax rate of 24.0% applied to all adjustments. Expand