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Boston Globe
2 hours ago
- Boston Globe
The FDA is targeting orange juice. Here's why, and what the science says.
Orange juice contains nutrients including calcium and Vitamin C. But some nutritionists argue that's not enough to make up for the unnecessary calories and natural sugars. 'Juices are a dilemma,' said Peter Lurie, the executive director of the nonprofit Center for Science in the Public Interest, which advocates for a healthy and safe food supply. Get Winter Soup Club A six-week series featuring soup recipes and cozy vibes, plus side dishes and toppings, to get us all through the winter. Enter Email Sign Up The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends instead eating real fruit, which contains more fiber than juice. The association advises against giving fruit juice to infants except to manage constipation. It also advises limiting how much juice parents should give older children, such as no more than 4 ounces per day for kids 1 to 3 years old. Advertisement 'If you're going to have a small amount of juice, it's not going to be anything that anybody's going to worry about,' said Marion Nestle, a retired professor of nutrition, food studies and public health at New York University who called fruit juices 'delicious.' 'When you worry about juice is when it's in large amounts,' she added. Advertisement Even though leading orange juice brands do not contain added sugars, high levels of natural sugars can still be harmful, some experts said. 'Orange juice is sugar water,' said Barry Popkin, a professor of nutrition at the University of North Carolina. 'Every juice is essentially sugar water.' Once touted as part of a balanced breakfast, Americans are souring on orange juice. Consumers have gravitated toward other beverage options seen as healthier. Prices have risen. Production has stalled. And this has become a problem for Florida's orange producers. The sugar content of the fruit grown in the state has been steadily dropping due to a bacterial disease afflicting the crop, exacerbated after Hurricane Irma struck in 2017. In 2022, Florida trade groups representing the state's citrus growers and citrus juice industry petitioned the FDA to lower the minimum fruit sugar levels for pasteurized orange juice. The FDA sets a minimum standard for the sugar content in order to call a drink 'pasteurized orange juice,' the kind commonly sold at grocery stores without added sugars. If manufacturers fall below that threshold, they are essentially no longer allowed to call their products 'pasteurized orange juice." Florida orange industry groups said lowering that threshold would protect their business and reduce orange imports from other countries while going unnoticed by consumers. Sugar per serving would lower from 18 grams to 17 grams, according to nutritional label samples provided to the FDA by the industry. Other nutrients would be largely unaffected to the change. Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and FDA Commissioner Marty Makary both pledged to examine this proposal during congressional hearings when pressed by Sen. Ashley Moody (R-Florida). Advertisement Some nutrition experts said if Kennedy wanted to advance his 'Make America Healthy Again' agenda, which included pledges to improve the diets of children, he should champion more sweeping regulations broadly targeting sugars and sodium. 'If one is serious about sugar in the American diet, we need an across the board approach,' Lurie said.
Indian Express
23-07-2025
- Indian Express
42-year-old had severe vitamin B12, Vitamin D deficiency despite diabetes medication: What caused it?
A 42-year-old man, with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes, came to us complaining of persistent fatigue, tingling in his hands and feet and trouble walking. This meant that his blood sugar had begun to damage his nerves. Predictably his HbA1c count (average blood sugar of three months) was 9.2 per cent (poorly controlled diabetes). But what surprised me was his vitamin counts: Vitamin B12: 123 pg/mL (severely deficient), Vitamin D3: 8 ng/mL (deficient) and magnesium: 1.5 mg/dL (low). So what was he doing wrong? The man had been taking Metformin for years without B12 supplementation. His diet lacked dairy and fruits due to misconceptions about managing blood sugar. After starting vitamin B12 injections and vitamin D supplementation, along with improved diets and diabetes control, his symptoms of neuropathy significantly improved over four months. This case underlines the importance of looking beyond just blood sugar numbers as vitamin deficiencies can mimic or aggravate diabetic complications. Beyond its direct effects on glucose metabolism, diabetes can also interfere with nutrient absorption, leading to several micronutrient deficiencies. Over time, these deficiencies can worsen diabetic complications such as neuropathy, poor wound healing and cardiovascular issues. Why do people with diabetes develop vitamin deficiencies? This is because of increased urinary losses. High blood sugar levels lead to a condition called osmotic diuresis, where the kidneys excrete more water and, along with it, water-soluble vitamins such as Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin B12, and Vitamin C. This effect is more pronounced in poorly controlled diabetes. Diabetes can cause gastroparesis, or delayed stomach emptying, which affects digestion and absorption of nutrients. Long-term use of Metformin, a common diabetes medication, is also known to interfere with Vitamin B12 absorption in the intestines. Chronic low-grade inflammation in diabetic patients increases the body's need for antioxidants like Vitamin C, Vitamin E and selenium. However, these nutrients are often depleted faster than they can be replenished. Type 2 diabetes is commonly associated with obesity and fatty liver, both of which impair fat metabolism. This affects the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K. Dietary restrictions or poor diet People with diabetes often limit their food choices, sometimes avoiding fruits or certain carbohydrates due to fear of sugar spikes. This can unintentionally lead to insufficient intake of essential vitamins and minerals. Most common deficiencies Vitamin D deficiency is common as it is linked with insulin resistance and immune dysfunction. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common, especially those on Metformin, and can cause fatigue, memory loss, and worsening neuropathy. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency can lead to worsening diabetic neuropathy and cardiac issues. Magnesium is an important co-factor for insulin signalling. But this is often lost through urine in diabetics. What can patients and caregivers do? Do not miss your routine screening, especially for B12 and Vitamin D in long-term diabetes patients or those on Metformin. Include nutrient-rich foods like green leafy vegetables, low-sugar fruits, dairy, nuts, and seeds. Under the supervision of a healthcare provider, appropriate supplementation can prevent long-term complications. Also, periodic assessment of the side effects of diabetic medications is essential. Diabetes management is not just about sugar — it's about complete nutritional care. (Dr Chaturvedi is senior endocrinologist, Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi)
Time of India
17-07-2025
- Time of India
Adding these foods that can naturally reverse high blood sugar at home
1 2 For someone struggling to manage high blood sugar 'what to eat' can be the most daunting question, this is because most foods can silently spike sugar levels, and need medications for better management. But do you know adding the right foods to your diet can also help in effectively managing insulin levels and may help reverse high blood sugar eventually. Fenugreek Seeds (Methi) Fenugreek seeds are rich in soluble fiber, which slows down carbohydrate digestion and sugar absorption in the body. They contain an amino acid called 4-hydroxyisoleucine that enhances insulin secretion. Soaking 1–2 teaspoons of fenugreek seeds in water overnight and consuming them on an empty stomach in the morning is a common Ayurvedic remedy for blood sugar control. Bitter Gourd (Karela) Bitter gourd is a natural hypoglycemic food that contains polypeptide-p, a plant insulin that helps reduce blood sugar. It also has compounds like charantin and vicine that increase glucose uptake and improve insulin sensitivity. Drinking karela juice on an empty stomach 2–3 times a week or including it in your curries can significantly benefit glucose management. Cinnamon (Dalchini) Cinnamon is known to improve insulin sensitivity and slow the breakdown of carbohydrates in the digestive tract. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Many Irish Citizens Don't Know About This Read More Undo Studies show that just ½ teaspoon of cinnamon powder daily can lower fasting blood sugar levels. You can add it to your tea, sprinkle it over fruit, or mix it into smoothies or oatmeal for daily use. Indian Gooseberry (Amla) Amla is a potent antioxidant and rich source of Vitamin C. It helps stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin and reduce blood sugar levels. Drinking fresh amla juice or consuming raw amla with a pinch of turmeric can be beneficial. Some people also mix amla powder with warm water or aloe vera juice for added effect. Is diabetes reversible with food? Type 2 diabetes may not be permanently "cured," but growing research suggests that it can be reversed or put into long-term remission through significant lifestyle changes, especially dietary interventions. A 2019 study published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology from the DiRECT (Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial) in the UK found that nearly 46% of participants who followed a low-calorie, nutrient-rich diet experienced diabetes remission after one year, with some maintaining it for up to two years without medication. The study emphasizes that sustained weight loss, reduced carbohydrate intake, and eating whole, fiber-rich foods like legumes, vegetables, and healthy fats can restore insulin sensitivity and normalize blood sugar levels in many individuals.
