Limiting global warming to 1.5°C is now impossible
Backing up their assertion, which is supported by the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and Météo-France, the French national meteorological service, is a study presenting a clinical overview of global warming and confirming its acceleration, to which these institutions contributed. The study was published Thursday in the journal Earth System Science Data and was signed more broadly by 61 scientists from 17 different countries.
For the third consecutive year, these researchers updated the key climate indicators from the 2021 report by Working Group 1 of the IPCC. "Our work helps fill a gap caused by the long publication timeline of IPCC reports, as the next one is not expected until the end of the decade," explained Aurélien Ribes, a researcher at the National Center for Meteorological Research and co-author of the study.
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It has become the compass for climate action, adopted by vulnerable and ambitious countries alike, as well as diplomats and non-governmental organizations. It serves as a benchmark to shape policies and measure progress. The target of limiting global warming to 1.5°C is now "no longer achievable," leading climate scientists warned at the end of June. The culprit is the ongoing rise in greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities. These emissions are pushing temperatures higher and triggering a cascade of climate disasters. But what does exceeding this limit actually mean? Le Monde takes a closer look at an issue that's been central for the past decade. How was the 1.5°C target adopted? It is one of two main goals that was set by the Paris Agreement on climate change, signed on December 12, 2015. Article 2 of the agreement aims to hold "the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels" and "to pursue efforts" to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C. To define "pre-industrial levels," the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) uses the 1850-1900 period as its reference. Notably, these targets are not tied to any specific time horizon nor do they refer specifically to the year 2100.
Euronews
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Sanofi buys UK's Vicebio for over €1bn to expand vaccine portfolio
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Smartphones lead to ‘suicidal thoughts' in children under 13, study
Children shouldn't have access to smartphones until the age of 13, according to a new global study. Those who used smartphones before they turned 13 were more likely to have suicidal thoughts, bad emotional regulation, lower self-worth, aggression, and detachment from reality, according to the study published in the Journal of the Human Development and Capabilities. Girls were more impacted by smartphone use than boys, with 9.5 per cent of female respondents considered 'struggling' with their mental health compared to 7 per cent of males, irrespective of their country of origin, the research added. Kids under 13 were more likely to experience sleep disruptions, cyberbullying and negative family relationships, the study found. Restrict smartphones like alcohol, researchers say The study drew data from the self-reported mental health profiles of 100,000 young people between the ages of 18-24. The study was conducted by a team from the research non-profit Sapien Labs. The researchers generated an overall "mind health" score for each profile based on 47 social, emotional, cognitive, and physical functions. The mind health scores got worse the longer a child had access to a smartphone, the research continued. For example, the score of a child who received a phone at 13 dropped from 30 to just one for those who received a phone at five years old. The results were worse for the 18-20 year-olds than the 21-24 cohort in the responses, which could be due to prolonged screen exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic, the study said. However, the results of smartphone use in under 13s are consistent despite the geographical and social differences that kids have. Lead author Tara Thiagarajan said she'd like to see smartphones restricted to those under 13 and regulated like alcohol and tobacco by government authorities. The move should be paired with restrictions on social media platforms as well as 'mandating digital literacy education and enforcing corporate accountability'. 'I was initially surprised by how strong the results are,' Thiagarajan said. 'However, when you give it due consideration, it does begin to make sense that the younger developing mind is more compromised by the online environment, given their vulnerability and lack of worldly experience'. What regulations are already in place against cellphones? Most of the bans so far against cellphones are happening in Europe's schools, with partial bans in French, Dutch, British, Italian, Hungarian, Spanish, Irish, Swedish, Belgian, Greek, Latvian, Luxembourgish and Finnish classrooms. Some of these countries, including France, the Netherlands, Italy, Luxembourg and some Spanish regions, have complete school-wide bans on mobile phones so they cannot be used at any point during the day. Other European countries, such as Denmark, Cyprus, Bulgaria, and Portugal, are also considering further restrictions on cellphones. For social media, France's artificial intelligence (AI) minister also proposed a European-wide ban on the use of social media for those under 15 years old. Several EU laws, such as the Digital Service Act, the Audiovisual Media Services Directive, and the General Data Protection Regulation, include provisions to shield children from harmful content and protect their data. Last month, EU lawmakers voted to criminalise AI-generated child abuse images, online grooming, livestreaming, sextortion and the age of consent.
