Latest news with #AustralianKoalaFoundation
The Advertiser
16-07-2025
- General
- The Advertiser
'The bulldozers keep coming': wildlife carer's race to save vanishing koalas
Wildlife rescuer CLAIRE SMITH, Queensland's Local Hero for 2025, is using her Australian of the Year Awards platform to rally community support for an endangered Aussie icon. As the founder of Wildlife Rescue Sunshine Coast, I've spent more than two decades rescuing and caring for wildlife. I've held kangaroo joeys in my arms as they took their last breath. I've carried injured gliders and broken koalas from the roadside, casualties of a world moving too fast and a system that refuses to slow down. And I've watched helplessly as forests are flattened to nothing but dust and fenceposts. I couldn't watch this story unfold any more without writing a new ending, so I co-founded the environmental organisation Barefoot on the Ground in 2024. Barefoot on the Ground is not just another wildlife charity. It's everything I know in my bones to be necessary for change: connection, protection and action. Our project is about more than just saving animals - it's about reconnecting people with the land we've forgotten how to listen to and creating a future where wildlife is not something we talk about in the past tense. Koalas, once abundant, are endangered in Queensland, NSW and the ACT and sliding toward extinction. That's hard fact. According to the Australian Koala Foundation, we may have fewer than 50,000 wild koalas left across our country. In some regions, numbers are so low that they're no longer viable populations. This is known as being "functionally extinct". And yet, the bulldozers keep coming. Queensland is one of the worst regions in the world for deforestation. Australia ranks on the Global Deforestation Frontline List with 23 other countries like the Congo and Brazil. Between 2016 and 2024, more than 3 million hectares of bushland was cleared in Queensland alone. That's about the size of Switzerland. Even with 2022's official classification of koalas as endangered, land-clearing continues and development rolls on, often with no environmental checks. Planning loopholes are enormous. I've seen koalas run over, attacked by dogs, orphaned and starving because they have nowhere to go. We don't just need to care about koalas - we need to fight for them. Barefoot on the Ground plans to create a wildlife education and conservation centre on 400 acres of pristine, remnant bushland in the Somerset region of Southeast Queensland. This habitat is classified as core koala territory by the Department of Environment, Science and Innovation. This property is more than just beautiful bush. It has connectivity to D'Aguilar National Park, D'Aguilar State Forest and sits within reach of Lake Wivenhoe and Somerset Dam. The area is rich in eucalyptus forests and vine thickets - exactly what koalas and greater gliders need to thrive. And it's home to other threatened species like powerful owls and grey-headed flying foxes. Our goal is to create a living safe haven where orphaned koala joeys that have cleared hospital care can be gently reintroduced to the wild in a protected, monitored environment. Operating under a scientific research permit to track and support their progress, we will make sure every one of these precious creatures has the best chance of long-term survival. The centre will also be an education hub offering hands-on, residential learning for school children. We want kids to stand barefoot on the ground, to hear a koala grunt at dusk, to look up and see a glider leap through the trees and to have close, personal contact with animals. It's one thing to learn about extinction from a textbook, but it's another thing entirely to feel a wild animal's heartbeat against your hand. We also plan to offer low-impact, eco-tourism experiences and run a commercial native plant nursery to support the centre's overheads. To bring this vision to life, we are raising $4 million to purchase and protect this property. It's a big number. But the cost of doing nothing is greater. We're also seeking partnerships with universities, foundations and conservation agencies to build a network of support. Barefoot on the Ground is just a starting place for change. We need thousands of Australians awakened and activated around the country. We need donations, yes, but more than that, we need a movement. A national grassroots campaign to stop the destruction of koala habitat, protect what's left and rebuild what we can. Koalas don't need more petitions that go nowhere and fall on deaf ears. They need land. They need trees. They need space to live and raise their young. They just want to be left alone. But this isn't just about saving animals. It's about saving ourselves. Because when the forests fall silent, when the last koala disappears, we lose something ancient and essential. It's time to decide what kind of legacy we want to leave behind. Being named the Queensland's 2025 Local Hero in the Australian of the Year Awards was the greatest honour of my life. It has made a huge difference to Barefoot on the Ground. Within four weeks of receiving my award, I was sitting with the Premier in a private meeting discussing the environment. I have told my story on regional and national radio and TV and this has elevated the cause beyond my wildest expectations. READ THEIR STORIES I'm currently touring Queensland talking to communities about the truth about our vanishing koalas. The Australian of the Year Awards have given me this platform and I'm grateful for the nomination from one member of the public that changed everything. That's why I believe you should nominate someone for next year's awards. Not someone famous. Not someone chasing glory. But someone you see showing up, day after day, heart and soul, for something bigger than themselves. The quiet achievers. The fighters. The people who keep going, even when no one's watching. CLICK HERE TO NOMINATE NOW! A nomination isn't just an award - it's a recognition that what they do matters. And when one of us is recognised, it lifts all of us. So, if you know someone who's making a difference, nominate them. You have until July 31 to make it happen. Shine a light on their work. Let them know the impact they're having is seen and valued. Because this country needs more heroes. And chances are, you already know one. Wildlife rescuer CLAIRE SMITH, Queensland's Local Hero for 2025, is using her Australian of the Year Awards platform to rally community support for an endangered Aussie icon. As the founder of Wildlife Rescue Sunshine Coast, I've spent more than two decades rescuing and caring for wildlife. I've held kangaroo joeys in my arms as they took their last breath. I've carried injured gliders and broken koalas from the roadside, casualties of a world moving too fast and a system that refuses to slow down. And I've watched helplessly as forests are flattened to nothing but dust and fenceposts. I couldn't watch this story unfold any more without writing a new ending, so I co-founded the environmental organisation Barefoot on the Ground in 2024. Barefoot on the Ground is not just another wildlife charity. It's everything I know in my bones to be necessary for change: connection, protection and action. Our project is about more than just saving animals - it's about reconnecting people with the land we've forgotten how to listen to and creating a future where wildlife is not something we talk about in the past tense. Koalas, once abundant, are endangered in Queensland, NSW and the ACT and sliding toward extinction. That's hard fact. According to the Australian Koala Foundation, we may have fewer than 50,000 wild koalas left across our country. In some regions, numbers are so low that they're no longer viable populations. This is known as being "functionally extinct". And yet, the bulldozers keep coming. Queensland is one of the worst regions in the world for deforestation. Australia ranks on the Global Deforestation Frontline List with 23 other countries like the Congo and Brazil. Between 2016 and 2024, more than 3 million hectares of bushland was cleared in Queensland alone. That's about the size of Switzerland. Even with 2022's official classification of koalas as endangered, land-clearing continues and development rolls on, often with no environmental checks. Planning loopholes are enormous. I've seen koalas run over, attacked by dogs, orphaned and starving because they have nowhere to go. We don't just need to care about koalas - we need to fight for them. Barefoot on the Ground plans to create a wildlife education and conservation centre on 400 acres of pristine, remnant bushland in the Somerset region of Southeast Queensland. This habitat is classified as core koala territory by the Department of Environment, Science and Innovation. This property is more than just beautiful bush. It has connectivity to D'Aguilar National Park, D'Aguilar State Forest and sits within reach of Lake Wivenhoe and Somerset Dam. The area is rich in eucalyptus forests and vine thickets - exactly what koalas and greater gliders need to thrive. And it's home to other threatened species like powerful owls and grey-headed flying foxes. Our goal is to create a living safe haven where orphaned koala joeys that have cleared hospital care can be gently reintroduced to the wild in a protected, monitored environment. Operating under a scientific research permit to track and support their progress, we will make sure every one of these precious creatures has the best chance of long-term survival. The centre will also be an education hub offering hands-on, residential learning for school children. We want kids to stand barefoot on the ground, to hear a koala grunt at dusk, to look up and see a glider leap through the trees and to have close, personal contact with animals. It's one thing to learn about extinction from a textbook, but it's another thing entirely to feel a wild animal's heartbeat against your hand. We also plan to offer low-impact, eco-tourism experiences and run a commercial native plant nursery to support the centre's overheads. To bring this vision to life, we are raising $4 million to purchase and protect this property. It's a big number. But the cost of doing nothing is greater. We're also seeking partnerships with universities, foundations and conservation agencies to build a network of support. Barefoot on the Ground is just a starting place for change. We need thousands of Australians awakened and activated around the country. We need donations, yes, but more than that, we need a movement. A national grassroots campaign to stop the destruction of koala habitat, protect what's left and rebuild what we can. Koalas don't need more petitions that go nowhere and fall on deaf ears. They need land. They need trees. They need space to live and raise their young. They just want to be left alone. But this isn't just about saving animals. It's about saving ourselves. Because when the forests fall silent, when the last koala disappears, we lose something ancient and essential. It's time to decide what kind of legacy we want to leave behind. Being named the Queensland's 2025 Local Hero in the Australian of the Year Awards was the greatest honour of my life. It has made a huge difference to Barefoot on the Ground. Within four weeks of receiving my award, I was sitting with the Premier in a private meeting discussing the environment. I have told my story on regional and national radio and TV and this has elevated the cause beyond my wildest expectations. READ THEIR STORIES I'm currently touring Queensland talking to communities about the truth about our vanishing koalas. The Australian of the Year Awards have given me this platform and I'm grateful for the nomination from one member of the public that changed everything. That's why I believe you should nominate someone for next year's awards. Not someone famous. Not someone chasing glory. But someone you see showing up, day after day, heart and soul, for something bigger than themselves. The quiet achievers. The fighters. The people who keep going, even when no one's watching. CLICK HERE TO NOMINATE NOW! A nomination isn't just an award - it's a recognition that what they do matters. And when one of us is recognised, it lifts all of us. So, if you know someone who's making a difference, nominate them. You have until July 31 to make it happen. Shine a light on their work. Let them know the impact they're having is seen and valued. Because this country needs more heroes. And chances are, you already know one. Wildlife rescuer CLAIRE SMITH, Queensland's Local Hero for 2025, is using her Australian of the Year Awards platform to rally community support for an endangered Aussie icon. As the founder of Wildlife Rescue Sunshine Coast, I've spent more than two decades rescuing and caring for wildlife. I've held kangaroo joeys in my arms as they took their last breath. I've carried injured gliders and broken koalas from the roadside, casualties of a world moving too fast and a system that refuses to slow down. And I've watched helplessly as forests are flattened to nothing but dust and fenceposts. I couldn't watch this story unfold any more without writing a new ending, so I co-founded the environmental organisation Barefoot on the Ground in 2024. Barefoot on the Ground is not just another wildlife charity. It's everything I know in my bones to be necessary for change: connection, protection and action. Our project is about more than just saving animals - it's about reconnecting people with the land we've forgotten how to listen to and creating a future where wildlife is not something we talk about in the past tense. Koalas, once abundant, are endangered in Queensland, NSW and the ACT and sliding toward extinction. That's hard fact. According to the Australian Koala Foundation, we may have fewer than 50,000 wild koalas left across our country. In some regions, numbers are so low that they're no longer viable populations. This is known as being "functionally extinct". And yet, the bulldozers keep coming. Queensland is one of the worst regions in the world for deforestation. Australia ranks on the Global Deforestation Frontline List with 23 other countries like the Congo and Brazil. Between 2016 and 2024, more than 3 million hectares of bushland was cleared in Queensland alone. That's about the size of Switzerland. Even with 2022's official classification of koalas as endangered, land-clearing continues and development rolls on, often with no environmental checks. Planning loopholes are enormous. I've seen koalas run over, attacked by dogs, orphaned and starving because they have nowhere to go. We don't just need to care about koalas - we need to fight for them. Barefoot on the Ground plans to create a wildlife education and conservation centre on 400 acres of pristine, remnant bushland in the Somerset region of Southeast Queensland. This habitat is classified as core koala territory by the Department of Environment, Science and Innovation. This property is more than just beautiful bush. It has connectivity to D'Aguilar National Park, D'Aguilar State Forest and sits within reach of Lake Wivenhoe and Somerset Dam. The area is rich in eucalyptus forests and vine thickets - exactly what koalas and greater gliders need to thrive. And it's home to other threatened species like powerful owls and grey-headed flying foxes. Our goal is to create a living safe haven where orphaned koala joeys that have cleared hospital care can be gently reintroduced to the wild in a protected, monitored environment. Operating under a scientific research permit to track and support their progress, we will make sure every one of these precious creatures has the best chance of long-term survival. The centre will also be an education hub offering hands-on, residential learning for school children. We want kids to stand barefoot on the ground, to hear a koala grunt at dusk, to look up and see a glider leap through the trees and to have close, personal contact with animals. It's one thing to learn about extinction from a textbook, but it's another thing entirely to feel a wild animal's heartbeat against your hand. We also plan to offer low-impact, eco-tourism experiences and run a commercial native plant nursery to support the centre's overheads. To bring this vision to life, we are raising $4 million to purchase and protect this property. It's a big number. But the cost of doing nothing is greater. We're also seeking partnerships with universities, foundations and conservation agencies to build a network of support. Barefoot on the Ground is just a starting place for change. We need thousands of Australians awakened and activated around the country. We need donations, yes, but more than that, we need a movement. A national grassroots campaign to stop the destruction of koala habitat, protect what's left and rebuild what we can. Koalas don't need more petitions that go nowhere and fall on deaf ears. They need land. They need trees. They need space to live and raise their young. They just want to be left alone. But this isn't just about saving animals. It's about saving ourselves. Because when the forests fall silent, when the last koala disappears, we lose something ancient and essential. It's time to decide what kind of legacy we want to leave behind. Being named the Queensland's 2025 Local Hero in the Australian of the Year Awards was the greatest honour of my life. It has made a huge difference to Barefoot on the Ground. Within four weeks of receiving my award, I was sitting with the Premier in a private meeting discussing the environment. I have told my story on regional and national radio and TV and this has elevated the cause beyond my wildest expectations. READ THEIR STORIES I'm currently touring Queensland talking to communities about the truth about our vanishing koalas. The Australian of the Year Awards have given me this platform and I'm grateful for the nomination from one member of the public that changed everything. That's why I believe you should nominate someone for next year's awards. Not someone famous. Not someone chasing glory. But someone you see showing up, day after day, heart and soul, for something bigger than themselves. The quiet achievers. The fighters. The people who keep going, even when no one's watching. CLICK HERE TO NOMINATE NOW! A nomination isn't just an award - it's a recognition that what they do matters. And when one of us is recognised, it lifts all of us. So, if you know someone who's making a difference, nominate them. You have until July 31 to make it happen. Shine a light on their work. Let them know the impact they're having is seen and valued. Because this country needs more heroes. And chances are, you already know one. Wildlife rescuer CLAIRE SMITH, Queensland's Local Hero for 2025, is using her Australian of the Year Awards platform to rally community support for an endangered Aussie icon. As the founder of Wildlife Rescue Sunshine Coast, I've spent more than two decades rescuing and caring for wildlife. I've held kangaroo joeys in my arms as they took their last breath. I've carried injured gliders and broken koalas from the roadside, casualties of a world moving too fast and a system that refuses to slow down. And I've watched helplessly as forests are flattened to nothing but dust and fenceposts. I couldn't watch this story unfold any more without writing a new ending, so I co-founded the environmental organisation Barefoot on the Ground in 2024. Barefoot on the Ground is not just another wildlife charity. It's everything I know in my bones to be necessary for change: connection, protection and action. Our project is about more than just saving animals - it's about reconnecting people with the land we've forgotten how to listen to and creating a future where wildlife is not something we talk about in the past tense. Koalas, once abundant, are endangered in Queensland, NSW and the ACT and sliding toward extinction. That's hard fact. According to the Australian Koala Foundation, we may have fewer than 50,000 wild koalas left across our country. In some regions, numbers are so low that they're no longer viable populations. This is known as being "functionally extinct". And yet, the bulldozers keep coming. Queensland is one of the worst regions in the world for deforestation. Australia ranks on the Global Deforestation Frontline List with 23 other countries like the Congo and Brazil. Between 2016 and 2024, more than 3 million hectares of bushland was cleared in Queensland alone. That's about the size of Switzerland. Even with 2022's official classification of koalas as endangered, land-clearing continues and development rolls on, often with no environmental checks. Planning loopholes are enormous. I've seen koalas run over, attacked by dogs, orphaned and starving because they have nowhere to go. We don't just need to care about koalas - we need to fight for them. Barefoot on the Ground plans to create a wildlife education and conservation centre on 400 acres of pristine, remnant bushland in the Somerset region of Southeast Queensland. This habitat is classified as core koala territory by the Department of Environment, Science and Innovation. This property is more than just beautiful bush. It has connectivity to D'Aguilar National Park, D'Aguilar State Forest and sits within reach of Lake Wivenhoe and Somerset Dam. The area is rich in eucalyptus forests and vine thickets - exactly what koalas and greater gliders need to thrive. And it's home to other threatened species like powerful owls and grey-headed flying foxes. Our goal is to create a living safe haven where orphaned koala joeys that have cleared hospital care can be gently reintroduced to the wild in a protected, monitored environment. Operating under a scientific research permit to track and support their progress, we will make sure every one of these precious creatures has the best chance of long-term survival. The centre will also be an education hub offering hands-on, residential learning for school children. We want kids to stand barefoot on the ground, to hear a koala grunt at dusk, to look up and see a glider leap through the trees and to have close, personal contact with animals. It's one thing to learn about extinction from a textbook, but it's another thing entirely to feel a wild animal's heartbeat against your hand. We also plan to offer low-impact, eco-tourism experiences and run a commercial native plant nursery to support the centre's overheads. To bring this vision to life, we are raising $4 million to purchase and protect this property. It's a big number. But the cost of doing nothing is greater. We're also seeking partnerships with universities, foundations and conservation agencies to build a network of support. Barefoot on the Ground is just a starting place for change. We need thousands of Australians awakened and activated around the country. We need donations, yes, but more than that, we need a movement. A national grassroots campaign to stop the destruction of koala habitat, protect what's left and rebuild what we can. Koalas don't need more petitions that go nowhere and fall on deaf ears. They need land. They need trees. They need space to live and raise their young. They just want to be left alone. But this isn't just about saving animals. It's about saving ourselves. Because when the forests fall silent, when the last koala disappears, we lose something ancient and essential. It's time to decide what kind of legacy we want to leave behind. Being named the Queensland's 2025 Local Hero in the Australian of the Year Awards was the greatest honour of my life. It has made a huge difference to Barefoot on the Ground. Within four weeks of receiving my award, I was sitting with the Premier in a private meeting discussing the environment. I have told my story on regional and national radio and TV and this has elevated the cause beyond my wildest expectations. READ THEIR STORIES I'm currently touring Queensland talking to communities about the truth about our vanishing koalas. The Australian of the Year Awards have given me this platform and I'm grateful for the nomination from one member of the public that changed everything. That's why I believe you should nominate someone for next year's awards. Not someone famous. Not someone chasing glory. But someone you see showing up, day after day, heart and soul, for something bigger than themselves. The quiet achievers. The fighters. The people who keep going, even when no one's watching. CLICK HERE TO NOMINATE NOW! A nomination isn't just an award - it's a recognition that what they do matters. And when one of us is recognised, it lifts all of us. So, if you know someone who's making a difference, nominate them. You have until July 31 to make it happen. Shine a light on their work. Let them know the impact they're having is seen and valued. Because this country needs more heroes. And chances are, you already know one.
Time Business News
29-06-2025
- General
- Time Business News
How to Choose the Perfect Charity Gift in Australia for Every Occasion
Gift-giving is an age-old tradition that connects people through celebration, appreciation, and love. But in a world increasingly aware of sustainability, ethics, and social impact, many Australians are choosing more meaningful ways to give. Enter: charity gifts in Australia—presents that give twice, offering both a thoughtful gesture to your recipient and tangible support to someone in need. Whether it's a birthday, holiday, wedding, or a simple thank-you, a well-chosen charity gift speaks volumes about your values and your connection to the recipient. In this guide, we'll explore how to select the perfect charity gift for every occasion and why this growing trend is transforming the art of gifting. Charity gifts are donations made on behalf of someone else, usually accompanied by a symbolic token or certificate. These gifts support a range of causes such as education, healthcare, animal welfare, environmental conservation, and humanitarian aid. Many Australian charities now offer curated gift programs—often with options like: Feeding a family Planting trees Providing school supplies for children Funding medical treatment or clean water Supporting mental health services You can often choose from physical cards, e-gift certificates, or even unique fair-trade items that directly benefit artisans or producers. The rise of charity gifts in Australia isn't a coincidence. It reflects a broader cultural shift toward conscious consumerism, empathy, and environmental responsibility. Reducing waste : Charity gifts avoid unnecessary packaging and unwanted items : Charity gifts avoid unnecessary packaging and unwanted items Creating lasting impact : The money spent goes directly to life-changing causes : The money spent goes directly to life-changing causes Offering personalization : Gifts can be tailored to reflect the recipient's values : Gifts can be tailored to reflect the recipient's values Tax benefits : Most charity donations in Australia are tax-deductible : Most charity donations in Australia are tax-deductible Social value: It's a great way to spread awareness about important issues Let's dive into how you can tailor charity gifts in Australia for each special event or milestone. Birthdays are ideal for charity gifts, especially when the person 'has everything.' Instead of a novelty mug or a pair of socks, choose a gift that reflects their interests. Ideas: Sponsor an endangered animal for an animal lover (WWF Australia or Australian Koala Foundation) Donate school supplies in their name (The Smith Family) Fund music lessons for underprivileged children for a musician friend Tip: Pair the donation with a customized card that explains the impact of their gift. Many modern couples request donations instead of traditional wedding gifts, aligning with a minimalist or ethical lifestyle. Ideas: Provide clean water to a remote village Fund women's shelters or domestic violence recovery programs Support community housing or refugee services Some platforms even allow couples to set up a dedicated fundraising page guests can contribute to. Top Australian charities offering wedding gift options: Oxfam Unwrapped Australian Red Cross Habitat for Humanity Australia Charity gifts are perfect for the holiday season—especially when you want to avoid commercialism and instead emphasize generosity and goodwill. Ideas: Give a goat, chicken, or pig to a family in a developing country (TEAR Australia or Plan International) Donate a food hamper to a struggling Australian family (Foodbank Australia) Gift a warm bed for a homeless person on Christmas Eve (The Salvation Army) Bonus: Many charities offer festive e-gift cards or physical tree ornaments that symbolize the gift. For couples who cherish shared values, a charity gift that reflects their love for people, animals, or the planet is incredibly romantic. Ideas: Adopt a coral reef or plant a tree in their name Contribute to a project supporting Indigenous communities Sponsor a classroom in a developing country Match the cause to a shared passion you both believe in. Celebrate academic milestones with charity gifts that promote education, literacy, or youth empowerment. Ideas: Sponsor a student's education for a year Fund access to technology or books for rural schools Support mental health initiatives for teenagers These gifts carry a powerful message of paying it forward. Move beyond flowers and ties with meaningful gestures. Ideas: Give livestock or farming tools to a mother in need (symbolic of a hardworking mum) Fund a health check or vaccination for a child Support a charity that provides parental support services in Australia Add a heartfelt note to make the impact personal and emotional. Many businesses are now opting for charity gifts in Australia as part of their social responsibility strategies. These gifts are not only tax-efficient but also boost brand goodwill. Ideas: Donate on behalf of clients or employees during the holidays Give fair-trade gifts sourced from ethical cooperatives Offer e-gift cards that let recipients choose their preferred cause Organizations like Good2Give and Karma Currency provide platforms to facilitate corporate donations. Not all charities are created equal. Ensure that your gift will truly make a difference by selecting a reputable organization. Transparency : Does the charity show where the money goes? : Does the charity show where the money goes? Registration : Are they a registered Australian charity (ACNC)? : Are they a registered Australian charity (ACNC)? Impact reports : Do they publish data or stories showing real outcomes? : Do they publish data or stories showing real outcomes? Ethical alignment: Do their values match yours or the recipient's? Check out platforms like: ACNC Charity Register ChangePath Personalize it : Attach a card or email that explains what the donation supports : Attach a card or email that explains what the donation supports Give options : Let recipients choose from a list of causes : Let recipients choose from a list of causes Keep timing in mind : Some gifts, like food or emergency relief, are more impactful seasonally : Some gifts, like food or emergency relief, are more impactful seasonally Share the impact: Send a follow-up note or email when the charity shares updates One of the most beautiful aspects of giving charity gifts in Australia is the ripple effect. Not only does your gift directly benefit a person, animal, or community—it often inspires the recipient and others to adopt more conscious gifting habits. From reducing waste to solving real-world problems, each act of generosity makes the world a bit brighter. Charity gifts are no longer niche — they're the future of meaningful, ethical, and impactful giving. Whether you're celebrating a milestone or simply showing appreciation, there's a charity gift perfectly suited for every occasion. So the next time you reach for a gift catalog or shop online, pause for a moment. Could your money do more? Could your gift change a life? In Australia, the answer is yes—and it starts with giving from the heart. TIME BUSINESS NEWS
