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Time of India
11-07-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Navigating the future: The significance of World Population Day in a changing world
Dr (Prof) Sadhana Kala is a USA-trained robotic & laparoscopic surgeon, Uppsala University, Sweden, trained fertility specialist, and 'National Icon Endoscopic Surgeon' of India. University topper and winner of several gold and silver medals and Certificates of Honor and the unique 'Distinction' in medicine in medical college, she is the youngest-ever Professor in any medical college anywhere, and the only-ever gynec Hon Consultant to the Army, Navy and Air Force. FORMER: President Family Welfare Foundation of India (now closed) one of the few UN -accredited NGO since 1997; Member of Central Consumer Protection Council, Government of India, the apex national advisory body on consumer affairs; Advisor, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India; Member, Advisory Committee, MTNL (Delhi). Awardee of C L Jhaveri and P N Behl Awards of Indian Medical Association for professional excellence. Chief emeritus and currently Sr Consultant gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon, Moolchan Medcity and Apollo Cradle Hospitals, New Delhi. She is a published-writer on varied topics. Facebook: Twitter: She also writes at LESS ... MORE Every year on July 11th, the global community observes World Population Day, a United Nations initiative established in 1989 to draw attention to the urgency and importance of population issues. As we step into the third decade of the 21st century, the significance of this day is more pronounced than ever. With the global population exceeding 8 billion in 2022 and projections suggesting continued growth, World Population Day serves not only as a moment of reflection but also as a call to action. In 2025, this observance takes on renewed urgency. Climate change, urbanization, migration, food insecurity, and global inequality are all tightly interwoven with demographic dynamics. Understanding these connections is crucial for developing sustainable and inclusive policies that can enhance lives worldwide. The origins and purpose of World Population Day World Population Day was inspired by the Day of Five Billion, which was observed on July 11, 1987, when the world's population reached an estimated five billion. The event highlighted the rapid growth of the global population and the challenges associated with it. Two years later, the Governing Council of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) established World Population Day to highlight the urgency and significance of population issues, as well as their interdependence with development and the environment. Since then, it has become a platform to promote awareness around issues such as reproductive health, gender equality, family planning, and the need for comprehensive data collection to inform policymaking. Global population trends: Growth and disparities As of mid-2025, the global population is estimated to be approximately 8.1 billion, with most growth occurring in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and certain regions of South Asia. According to UN estimates, by 2050, more than half of global population growth will be concentrated in just eight countries: the Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and Tanzania. This uneven growth presents a dual challenge. On the one hand, many developed countries are grappling with aging populations, declining birth rates, and shrinking labor forces. On the other hand, countries with high fertility rates face immense pressure to provide adequate health care, education, housing, and employment opportunities for their rapidly growing youth populations. Urbanization and infrastructure One of the most visible impacts of population growth is urbanization. The United Nations projects that by 2050, nearly 70% of the world's population will live in urban areas. While urban centers can offer opportunities for economic development and social mobility, rapid and unplanned urban growth often leads to overcrowding, slums, inadequate sanitation, and increased pressure on public services. Cities like Lagos, Dhaka, and Kinshasa are expanding at unprecedented rates, often outpacing the development of critical infrastructure. The challenge is to make cities inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable—a goal encapsulated in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11. Climate change and environmental impact Population dynamics are deeply intertwined with environmental sustainability. Larger populations increase demand for food, water, energy, and other natural resources. Agricultural expansion, deforestation, and water scarcity are directly linked to demographic pressures in many parts of the world. Conversely, it's essential to recognize that consumption patterns—not just population numbers—drive environmental degradation. High-income countries, despite having slower population growth, contribute disproportionately to carbon emissions and ecological footprints. World Population Day provides an opportunity to reflect on how sustainable development strategies must address both population growth and responsible consumption to combat climate change and preserve ecosystems. Reproductive health and rights Access to reproductive health services, including contraception and family planning, remains a cornerstone of population policy. According to the UN Population Fund (UNFPA), over 270 million women in developing countries have an unmet need for modern contraception. This unmet need not only undermines women's health and autonomy but also impedes broader social and economic progress. World Population Day champions reproductive rights as human rights. Empowering women and girls to make informed choices about their bodies, health, and lives is essential to reducing unintended pregnancies, improving maternal and child health, and achieving gender equality. Youth and employment Nearly 1.8 billion people worldwide are between the ages of 10 and 24, making today's youth the largest generation in history. This demographic offers a potential 'demographic dividend'—economic growth resulting from a shift in a population's age structure—but only if young people are equipped with the education, skills, and employment opportunities needed to thrive. In many countries, however, high youth unemployment and underemployment persist, creating frustration and fueling migration and political instability. World Population Day is a call to invest in young people as drivers of innovation and progress, ensuring they are not left behind in the pursuit of development goals. Migration and displacement Global population trends are increasingly influenced by migration, both voluntary and forced. Conflicts, climate change, and economic disparities are driving millions across borders each year. As of 2024, over 120 million people are forcibly displaced, the highest number in recorded history. Migration can be a powerful force for economic development and cultural exchange, but it also presents complex challenges related to integration, xenophobia, and the allocation of resources. On World Population Day, we are reminded of the importance of building inclusive societies that respect the rights and dignity of all people, regardless of their place of origin. Data, policy, and planning Effective population policies depend on accurate and timely data. Censuses, surveys, and demographic studies provide essential insights into trends in fertility, mortality, migration, and population distribution. This data underpins decisions in health, education, urban planning, and environmental protection. Unfortunately, many low-income countries lack the resources or political stability to conduct regular and reliable data collection. Strengthening data systems is thus a crucial priority for international development. The road ahead: Toward sustainable populations The challenges posed by population growth are immense, but they are not insurmountable. Policies that promote education, especially for girls, expand access to healthcare and family planning, support economic development, and foster environmental sustainability can help societies manage demographic change more effectively. World Population Day reminds us that population trends are not just numbers—they are about people. Each birth, each death, and each migration tells a story of hope, struggle, and opportunity. By understanding and addressing the complex interplay of demographic, economic, and environmental factors, we can build a future that is both equitable and sustainable. Conclusion On World Population Day 2025, we must reaffirm our commitment to the principles of human rights, sustainability, and shared responsibility. The world's population may be growing, but so too are our resources of knowledge, technology, and compassion. Whether it's a young girl in rural Nepal gaining access to education, a refugee finding safety in a new country, or a community coming together to protect its environment, every action counts. As we confront the challenges and embrace the opportunities of our demographic future, World Population Day serves as both a mirror and a map—a reflection of where we are and a guide to where we can go. Let it inspire action that uplifts humanity, respects the planet, and secures a better world for future generations. Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Disclaimer Views expressed above are the author's own.
Time of India
01-07-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Celebrating dedication and compassion: Honouring doctors on National Doctors' Day
Dr (Prof) Sadhana Kala is a USA-trained robotic & laparoscopic surgeon, Uppsala University, Sweden, trained fertility specialist, and 'National Icon Endoscopic Surgeon' of India. University topper and winner of several gold and silver medals and Certificates of Honor and the unique 'Distinction' in medicine in medical college, she is the youngest-ever Professor in any medical college anywhere, and the only-ever gynec Hon Consultant to the Army, Navy and Air Force. FORMER: President Family Welfare Foundation of India (now closed) one of the few UN -accredited NGO since 1997; Member of Central Consumer Protection Council, Government of India, the apex national advisory body on consumer affairs; Advisor, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India; Member, Advisory Committee, MTNL (Delhi). Awardee of C L Jhaveri and P N Behl Awards of Indian Medical Association for professional excellence. Chief emeritus and currently Sr Consultant gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon, Moolchan Medcity and Apollo Cradle Hospitals, New Delhi. She is a published-writer on varied topics. Facebook: Twitter: She also writes at LESS ... MORE Every year, on July 1st in many countries, including India, the world pauses to honor those who dedicate their lives to healing and caring for others—doctors. Known as Doctors' Day, this special occasion pays tribute to the unwavering commitment, compassion, and sacrifices of medical professionals worldwide. It is a moment to recognize their vital role in society, reflect on their contributions, and reaffirm our appreciation for their tireless efforts in safeguarding public health. The Origin and Significance of Doctors' Day The observance of Doctors' Day varies internationally, but its essence remains consistent: celebrating the medical community. In the United States, for example, Doctors' Day was first celebrated in 1933 by Eudora Brown Almond, wife of the founder of the American Medical Association, to honor physicians. The date was chosen to coincide with the birthday of Dr Joseph Warren, a hero of the American Revolution and a revered figure among physicians. Globally, similar days are observed, such as National Doctors' Day in India on July 1st, coinciding with the birth anniversary of Dr Bidhan Chandra Roy, a legendary physician and statesman. And International Doctors' Day on March 30th, marking the anniversary of the founding of the World Medical Association in 1948. While the dates may differ, the purpose remains the same: to recognize the profound impact of doctors on individual lives and society. The Pioneers and the Evolution of Medicine Medicine has a rich history, dating back thousands of years. From ancient Egyptian healers and Greek physicians, such as Hippocrates, often referred to as the 'Father of Medicine,' to modern-day specialists, the medical profession has evolved over centuries of discovery and innovation. Throughout history, doctors have been at the forefront of societal progress, eradicating diseases, developing life-saving vaccines, and pioneering surgical techniques. The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 revolutionized medicine, transforming bacterial infections from often fatal ailments into manageable conditions. Today, advances in genetics, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence continue to push the boundaries of what medicine can achieve. Despite technological progress, the core values of medicine—compassion, integrity, and dedication—remain unchanged. These qualities define the profession and are celebrated each Doctors' Day. The Modern-Day Doctor: Balancing Science and Humanity In the contemporary world, doctors are more than just clinicians—they are scientists, counselors, educators, and advocates. The landscape of healthcare has expanded, demanding that physicians adapt to new challenges, including emerging infectious diseases, aging populations, and health disparities. The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the crucial role of doctors worldwide. Physicians worked tirelessly on the frontlines, often risking their health to care for patients. Their resilience and unwavering commitment saved countless lives, highlighting the importance of a robust healthcare system. Today's doctors are tasked with balancing complex medical knowledge with genuine human connection. They listen patiently to their patients, understand their fears, and provide hope amidst uncertainty. Their ability to combine cutting-edge science with compassion is what makes their work truly extraordinary. Challenges Faced by Medical Professionals While doctors are revered for their dedication, they operate under significant pressures. Long working hours, emotional strain, administrative burdens, and the emotional toll of patient loss can lead to burnout and mental health issues among physicians. Furthermore, disparities in healthcare access and resource limitations can hinder doctors' ability to deliver optimal care. The rising cost of medical education also poses barriers for aspiring doctors, impacting the diversity of the medical workforce. Additionally, in many parts of the world, physicians face risks such as violence, harassment, and inadequate compensation. Recognizing these challenges is essential in fostering a supportive environment that enables doctors to continue their vital work effectively. Honouring the Dedication of Doctors Across the Globe On Doctors' Day, societies worldwide take the opportunity to express gratitude. Hospitals and clinics organize appreciation events, patients share heartfelt stories, and governments sometimes announce initiatives to improve healthcare infrastructure. In India, the government has launched campaigns emphasizing the importance of doctors and health workers, especially in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic. Similarly, in the United States, many medical associations hold awards and recognition programs honoring exemplary physicians. Public appreciation also plays a crucial role. Simple gestures—such as sending thank-you notes, participating in community events, or launching social media campaigns—can boost morale and reinforce the value of doctors' work. The Future of Medicine and the Role of Doctors Looking ahead, medicine is poised for revolutionary change. Technologies such as artificial intelligence, robotics, and personalized medicine hold the promise of transforming the delivery of healthcare. Telemedicine has gained prominence, making healthcare accessible to remote or underserved populations. Wearable devices enable continuous health monitoring, empowering individuals to take charge of their health. However, these innovations underscore the need for doctors to update their skills and adapt to new paradigms continually. Ethical considerations, data privacy, and equitable access will continue to be central themes in the evolution of medical practice. Despite technological advancements, the human element remains paramount. Empathy, communication, and ethical integrity will continue to be the foundation of adequate healthcare. Celebrating Doctors: How Society Can Show Appreciation While Doctors' Day offers a specific date to honor physicians, appreciation should extend throughout the year. Supporting medical professionals involves investing in healthcare infrastructure, ensuring fair compensation, and promoting mental health resources for medical staff. Educational campaigns can inspire future generations to pursue a career in medicine, emphasizing the noble and impactful nature of the profession. Communities can organize health awareness programs, volunteer initiatives, and patient-doctor engagement activities to foster mutual respect and understanding. At an individual level, simple acts of kindness, such as expressing gratitude, being punctual for appointments, or following medical advice, can strengthen the bond between doctors and patients. Conclusion: A Call to Recognize and Respect Our Medical Heroes Doctors are the backbone of a healthy society. Their unwavering dedication, often at personal sacrifice, ensures that communities remain resilient in the face of health challenges. As we celebrate Doctors' Day, let us remember the countless physicians who have dedicated their lives to healing others, often working behind the scenes and beyond the call of duty. Their work is a testament to human compassion and scientific progress. In honoring them, we reaffirm our collective commitment to supporting, respecting, and valuing the medical professionals who tirelessly strive to make the world healthier and safer for all. Happy Doctors' Day! Let us cherish, honor, and thank our doctors—not just today, but every day. Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Disclaimer Views expressed above are the author's own.
Time of India
21-06-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Embracing unity and wellness: The significance of International Day of Yoga
Dr (Prof) Sadhana Kala is a USA-trained robotic & laparoscopic surgeon, Uppsala University, Sweden, trained fertility specialist, and 'National Icon Endoscopic Surgeon' of India. University topper and winner of several gold and silver medals and Certificates of Honor and the unique 'Distinction' in medicine in medical college, she is the youngest-ever Professor in any medical college anywhere, and the only-ever gynec Hon Consultant to the Army, Navy and Air Force. FORMER: President Family Welfare Foundation of India (now closed) one of the few UN -accredited NGO since 1997; Member of Central Consumer Protection Council, Government of India, the apex national advisory body on consumer affairs; Advisor, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India; Member, Advisory Committee, MTNL (Delhi). Awardee of C L Jhaveri and P N Behl Awards of Indian Medical Association for professional excellence. Chief emeritus and currently Sr Consultant gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon, Moolchan Medcity and Apollo Cradle Hospitals, New Delhi. She is a published-writer on varied topics. Facebook: Twitter: She also writes at LESS ... MORE 'Yoga is the journey of the self, through the self, to the self.' – The Bhagavad Gita Every year on June 21, millions across the globe roll out their yoga mats, unite in posture, breath, and spirit, and collectively celebrate the International Day of Yoga. This annual observance is more than just a day of physical activity — it is a global recognition of yoga's power to bring balance, inner peace, and unity to the human experience. Since its inception by the United Nations in 2014, the International Day of Yoga has evolved into a global movement promoting physical well-being, mental clarity, and social harmony. In an era marked by rapid technological advancements, mental health challenges, and environmental stress, yoga provides a grounding, time-tested path toward sustainable well-being. The Origins of the International Day of Yoga Prime Minister Narendra Modi first proposed dedicating a global day to yoga during his address to the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2014. He described yoga as 'an invaluable gift of India's ancient tradition' and emphasized its potential in promoting holistic health and harmony. With overwhelming support from 177 countries — a record in the history of the UN — the General Assembly declared June 21 as the International Day of Yoga, recognizing its universal appeal and relevance. The date was not coincidental; June 21 is the summer solstice, the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere. It holds special significance in yogic tradition as the day when Lord Shiva, considered the first yogi or Adiyogi, began imparting the knowledge of yoga to humanity. The first International Day of Yoga was celebrated in 2015, with a historic mass yoga session in New Delhi, where over 35,000 people, including dignitaries and citizens, participated in performing asanas. Since then, the movement has continued to grow in momentum and scale. Yoga: Beyond Exercise Yoga is often perceived in the West as a form of physical fitness, focused on stretching, strength, and flexibility. However, this interpretation only scratches the surface. The word 'yoga' derives from the Sanskrit root 'yuj', meaning to join or to unite. At its core, yoga represents the union of body and mind, individual and universal consciousness, inner peace, and external harmony. Traditional yoga includes eight limbs (Ashtanga Yoga) as outlined in the ancient text, Yoga Sutras of Patanjali: (ethical disciplines) (personal observances) (postures) (breath control) (withdrawal of senses) (concentration) (meditation) (liberation or bliss) The International Day of Yoga raises awareness of this holistic view, encouraging people to explore not only the physical postures but also the mental and spiritual benefits of the practice. It is a gentle reminder that yoga is not a competition or performance, but a journey inward toward balance and self-awareness. Global Celebrations and Themes Each year, the International Day of Yoga is marked by a unique theme that reflects contemporary challenges and goals. Themes such as 'Yoga for Health,' 'Yoga for Peace,' 'Yoga for Climate Action,' and the 2025 theme 'Yoga for One Earth, One Health' have guided participants to engage with broader global issues through the lens of yogic philosophy. In cities around the world, from New York and London to Tokyo and Nairobi, yoga sessions are held in parks, community centers, stadiums, and even at historical monuments. The event is often celebrated with mass yoga demonstrations, meditation workshops, yogic food festivals, and public talks by spiritual leaders, health experts, and yoga gurus. Organizations such as the Ministry of Ayush in India, the United Nations, the World Health Organization (WHO), and numerous NGOs, as well as yoga studios, collaborate to create inclusive events that welcome people from all walks of life, regardless of age, religion, gender, or fitness level. The involvement of schools, universities, and workplaces has further mainstreamed yoga as a daily practice. Children learn mindfulness and physical discipline through yoga in education, while professionals discover its power to reduce stress and enhance productivity in corporate environments. The Science Behind Yoga's Benefits Modern science has caught up with what yogis have known for centuries: yoga offers profound benefits for both the mind and body. Studies published in journals such as The Lancet, JAMA Psychiatry, and The International Journal of Yoga have shown that regular yoga practice can: Lower blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health Enhance flexibility, muscle strength, and posture Reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and PTSD Improve respiratory function and lung capacity Strengthen the immune system Foster emotional regulation and mental resilience Yoga's emphasis on breath (pranayama) and mindfulness makes it a powerful tool for addressing mental health crises, especially in a world grappling with post-pandemic trauma, digital overstimulation, and loneliness. Yoga also fosters a sense of community and compassion, which are essential for social well-being. Yoga and Sustainable Living Yoga also promotes a lifestyle of sustainability and compassion, values desperately needed in the 21st century. By practicing ahimsa (non-violence), yoga practitioners are encouraged to make ethical choices that minimize harm, whether that means adopting a plant-based diet, reducing waste, or advocating for environmental justice. On the International Day of Yoga, many events incorporate awareness about climate change, biodiversity, and ecological balance, aligning with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The mindful living that yoga promotes naturally extends to how we treat the planet and each other. India's Role as the Spiritual Home of Yoga While yoga has become a global phenomenon, its roots are deeply embedded in Indian culture, spirituality, and philosophy. From the Vedas and the Bhagavad Gita to the teachings of Patanjali and Swami Vivekananda, India has been the cradle of yogic wisdom. India's efforts to globalize yoga without commercializing or diluting its spiritual essence have been commendable. The establishment of the International Day of Yoga is a testament to India's soft power and commitment to sharing this ancient science for the benefit of all humanity. Moreover, India's diverse yogic lineages — from Hatha and Raja Yoga to Kundalini and Integral Yoga — offer varied approaches for practitioners to choose from, each emphasizing personal transformation and service to others. The Future of Yoga: Challenges and Opportunities As yoga continues to gain popularity, essential conversations are needed about cultural appropriation, authenticity, and commercialization. While it's heartening to see yoga studios in nearly every country, there is a need to ensure that yoga's spiritual and ethical dimensions are not overshadowed by its commodification as a mere fitness trend. Equally, there is an opportunity to make yoga more accessible to marginalized communities, people with disabilities, and individuals facing mental health or economic struggles. Yoga for all — regardless of body type, income, race, or nationality — should be the mantra of the future. Technology will also play a crucial role in the evolution of yoga. Apps, virtual classes, and AI-driven tools can help democratize access to high-quality instruction. However, they must complement, not replace, the human connection and introspective quality that is central to yoga. Conclusion: A Day for Inner and Global Harmony The International Day of Yoga is more than a celebration of a physical practice. It is a call to turn inward and connect with something timeless. It invites us to pause, breathe, and recognize our shared humanity — in silence, in movement, in stillness. As we celebrate this day each year, let us remember that yoga is not about touching your toes, but about what you learn on the way down. It is not about bending the body but about bending the ego. Through yoga, we are reminded that peace is not a distant goal but a personal journey — one breath, one posture, one thought at a time. In a fragmented world, the International Day of Yoga stands as a luminous reminder that unity begins within. Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Disclaimer Views expressed above are the author's own.
Time of India
08-06-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Safeguarding every bite: The crucial role of World Food Safety Day
Dr (Prof) Sadhana Kala is a USA-trained robotic & laparoscopic surgeon, Uppsala University, Sweden, trained fertility specialist, and 'National Icon Endoscopic Surgeon' of India. University topper and winner of several gold and silver medals and Certificates of Honor and the unique 'Distinction' in medicine in medical college, she is the youngest-ever Professor in any medical college anywhere, and the only-ever gynec Hon Consultant to the Army, Navy and Air Force. FORMER: President Family Welfare Foundation of India (now closed) one of the few UN -accredited NGO since 1997; Member of Central Consumer Protection Council, Government of India, the apex national advisory body on consumer affairs; Advisor, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India; Member, Advisory Committee, MTNL (Delhi). Awardee of C L Jhaveri and P N Behl Awards of Indian Medical Association for professional excellence. Chief emeritus and currently Sr Consultant gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon, Moolchan Medcity and Apollo Cradle Hospitals, New Delhi. She is a published-writer on varied topics. Facebook: Twitter: She also writes at LESS ... MORE Every year on June 7th, the global community observes World Food Safety Day, a United Nations initiative aimed at raising awareness about the importance of food safety and inspiring action to prevent, detect, and manage foodborne risks. With the theme for 2025 being 'Food Safety: Prepare for the Unexpected,' this year's commemoration focuses on enhancing the resilience of food safety systems in the face of emergencies, whether caused by natural disasters, economic crises, or global pandemics. World Food Safety Day, established in 2018 by the United Nations General Assembly and led jointly by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), underscores that food safety is everyone's business—from farm to fork. With 600 million cases of foodborne illnesses annually, the stakes are high. This article delves into the significance of World Food Safety Day, the current global challenges, and the shared responsibility in ensuring that the food we eat is safe. The Global Burden of Unsafe Food Unsafe food is a silent epidemic. According to WHO, 1 in 10 people worldwide fall ill after consuming contaminated food, and an estimated 420,000 die every year. The most vulnerable are children under five, who account for 40% of the foodborne disease burden, resulting in 125,000 deaths annually. Foodborne illnesses can be caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or chemical substances entering the food chain. Common culprits include Salmonella, E. coli, Listeria, and noroviruses. In low- and middle-income countries, poor infrastructure, lack of awareness, and weak regulatory systems often exacerbate the problem, turning preventable health risks into deadly threats. But food safety is not only a health issue—it is an economic and social one. Unsafe food restricts global trade, reduces productivity, and places a burden on healthcare systems. The World Bank estimates that foodborne illnesses cost low- and middle-income economies around $95 billion a year in lost productivity. Why Food Safety Matters More Than Ever In an increasingly globalized food system, ingredients and final products cross multiple borders before reaching consumers. A fruit snack made in one country might contain nuts from another, sweeteners from a third, and be packaged in a fourth. This global complexity, while economically efficient, introduces many opportunities for contamination or error. Furthermore, climate change has intensified the challenge. Rising temperatures and shifting weather patterns can promote the spread of foodborne pathogens and mycotoxins. Insects, pests, and fungal diseases are also on the rise, threatening the integrity of crops and food supply chains. The COVID-19 pandemic was another stark reminder of the vulnerability of food systems. Though not a foodborne virus, the pandemic disrupted food processing, transport, and retail systems. It highlighted the importance of emergency preparedness, supply chain traceability, and public communication during health crises—all crucial themes for this year's observance. 2025 Theme: 'Food Safety: Prepare for the Unexpected' The 2025 theme highlights the need for resilient food safety systems that can withstand unexpected challenges, including natural disasters, pandemics, cyberattacks, and supply chain disruptions. Emergencies can disrupt food production and inspection processes, compromise cold chains, and overwhelm regulatory agencies, potentially leading to significant food safety issues. Whether it's a power outage that spoils stored meat or a flood contaminating water sources used in irrigation, being prepared is key. Governments and businesses are encouraged to invest in: Risk-based inspection systems Data-sharing platforms for real-time alerts Public education campaigns Robust traceability systems Contingency planning and crisis simulations As the FAO aptly puts it: 'Safe food allows for the uptake of nutrients and promotes long-term human development.' Preparedness ensures that this fundamental right is not interrupted, even in times of crisis. The Five Keys to Safer Food The WHO promotes a set of practical principles known as the 'Five Keys to Safer Food', which are crucial for food handlers at every level—from household kitchens to commercial processors: Keep Clean: Wash hands, surfaces, and equipment frequently. Separate Raw and Cooked Foods: Prevent cross-contamination by using separate utensils and storage. Cook Thoroughly: Ensure the food reaches a safe internal temperature. Keep Food at Safe Temperatures: Avoid the 'danger zone' (4°C–60°C) where bacteria multiply rapidly. Use Safe Water and Raw Materials: Select fresh, wholesome ingredients and ensure the quality of the water used. These five principles are deceptively simple, yet their consistent application can prevent many foodborne illnesses worldwide. Food Safety Across the Supply Chain Farmers and Producers: Food safety starts at the source. Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs), pesticide management, clean water for irrigation, and animal health monitoring all contribute to the production of safe food and livestock. Processors and Manufacturers: The food industry must implement Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) systems to identify potential risks and take preventative measures. Distributors and Retailers: Maintaining a cold chain, proper labeling, and ensuring hygiene in storage areas are essential for preserving food safety. Consumers: From washing produce to storing leftovers properly, individuals have a role to play. World Food Safety Day serves as a call to action for all to be informed and vigilant. Food Safety and the Sustainable Development Goals Food safety intersects directly with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 2: Zero Hunger – Access to safe food is a key component of food security. SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being – Reducing foodborne illnesses contributes to better public health. SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production – Promotes sustainable food practices across the supply chain. SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals – Achieving food safety requires cooperation among nations, sectors, and communities. Without safe food, no country can achieve food security or improved nutrition, essential pillars of sustainable development. Innovations in Food Safety As the world grapples with new challenges, technology is playing an increasingly pivotal role in enhancing food safety: Blockchain allows transparent tracking of food items from origin to shelf, enabling faster recalls when issues arise. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning help predict contamination patterns and optimize inspection processes. Biosensors and innovative packaging provide real-time monitoring of spoilage or bacterial presence. Drones and satellite imaging help monitor agricultural practices and ensure water safety. These innovations, while not a substitute for regulation or training, offer exciting tools to augment our food safety systems. Shared Responsibility: A Call to Action World Food Safety Day is not merely symbolic—it is a call to action for all stakeholders. Governments must enact and enforce science-based regulations. Industries must prioritize safety, transparency, and training. Academic institutions should lead research and develop safer production methods. Media must communicate risks and best practices effectively. Consumers must stay informed and take individual responsibility. As Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, once noted: 'There is no food security without food safety.' Conclusion In a world of over 8 billion people, food safety might seem like an invisible issue—until it fails. A single lapse can lead to widespread illness, economic damage, and even loss of life. But when it works, food safety quietly supports health, trade, development, and peace. World Food Safety Day serves as a reminder that vigilance, preparedness, and cooperation are essential. Whether you're a policymaker in a capital city, a farmer in a rural village, or a parent preparing dinner, your actions matter. Safe food saves lives, and it starts with each of us. Let us mark this year's World Food Safety Day by renewing our commitment to protecting the world's food supply—for today, and for generations to come. Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Disclaimer Views expressed above are the author's own.
Time of India
31-05-2025
- Health
- Time of India
World No Tobacco Day: A global call to end Tobacco use
Dr (Prof) Sadhana Kala is a USA-trained robotic & laparoscopic surgeon, Uppsala University, Sweden, trained fertility specialist, and 'National Icon Endoscopic Surgeon' of India. University topper and winner of several gold and silver medals and Certificates of Honor and the unique 'Distinction' in medicine in medical college, she is the youngest-ever Professor in any medical college anywhere, and the only-ever gynec Hon Consultant to the Army, Navy and Air Force. FORMER: President Family Welfare Foundation of India (now closed) one of the few UN -accredited NGO since 1997; Member of Central Consumer Protection Council, Government of India, the apex national advisory body on consumer affairs; Advisor, Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India; Member, Advisory Committee, MTNL (Delhi). Awardee of C L Jhaveri and P N Behl Awards of Indian Medical Association for professional excellence. Chief emeritus and currently Sr Consultant gynecologist and laparoscopic surgeon, Moolchan Medcity and Apollo Cradle Hospitals, New Delhi. She is a published-writer on varied topics. Facebook: Twitter: She also writes at LESS ... MORE Every year on May 31, the world comes together to observe World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) — a campaign spearheaded by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to raise awareness about the devastating health and environmental impacts of tobacco use. It serves as a stark reminder of the damage caused by one of the world's leading preventable causes of death. In 2025, the theme for World No Tobacco Day — 'Protecting children from tobacco industry interference' — underscores the urgent need to shield the next generation from the manipulative tactics of the tobacco industry. Tobacco use kills more than 8 million people annually, including over 1.3 million non-smokers who are exposed to second-hand smoke. Despite decades of public health campaigns, tobacco continues to pose a significant threat to global health, development, and the environment. As the world grapples with chronic diseases, air pollution, and widening health inequalities, the call to eliminate tobacco is louder and more relevant than ever. A brief history of World No Tobacco Day World No Tobacco Day was established in 1987 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to raise global awareness about the tobacco epidemic and its devastating consequences. The goal was twofold: first, to reduce the prevalence of tobacco use, and second, to expose the aggressive marketing strategies of tobacco companies. Over the decades, the campaign has evolved to tackle emerging challenges, from e-cigarettes and vaping to environmental destruction caused by tobacco farming. Each year, WNTD focuses on a specific theme. Past themes have included 'Tobacco and heart disease,' 'Commit to quit,' and 'Tobacco: Threat to our environment.' These themes reflect the multifaceted dangers of tobacco, encompassing health, environmental sustainability, and social justice. The health toll of tobacco Tobacco is one of the few consumer products that kills up to half of its users when used as intended. It is a significant risk factor for a wide range of diseases: Cardiovascular diseases (heart attacks and strokes) Respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema) Cancers , particularly lung, throat, mouth, and esophageal cancers Diabetes and complications from the disease Compromised immune function , increasing vulnerability to infections In developing countries, where 80% of the world's 1.3 billion tobacco users live, the health burden is compounded by limited healthcare infrastructure and low public awareness. Tobacco-related illnesses drain health systems and diminish productivity, keeping millions in cycles of poverty. Second-hand smoke also poses a severe risk, especially to children and pregnant women. It is linked to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), respiratory infections, low birth weight, and developmental issues. Youth in the crosshairs: This year's theme In 2025, the WHO and its partners are spotlighting the growing menace of youth-targeted marketing by tobacco companies. Despite bans on tobacco advertising in many countries, the industry continues to find loopholes through social media influencers, flavored products, and e-cigarettes, which are often marketed as safer alternatives. Nicotine addiction in adolescence is hazardous. It alters brain development, making young people more susceptible to addiction and mental health disorders. Moreover, teenagers who start with e-cigarettes are more likely to transition to traditional tobacco products. The industry's tactics are well-documented: sponsoring music festivals, using cartoon characters, and employing lifestyle branding to make tobacco appear glamorous and rebellious. WNTD 2025 calls on governments to strengthen policies that protect children from exposure to these deceptive campaigns and enforce comprehensive bans on tobacco marketing across all platforms. Environmental consequences of tobacco Beyond human health, tobacco wreaks havoc on the environment. From cultivation to disposal, tobacco products cause significant ecological damage: Deforestation : Tobacco farming accounts for the loss of 200,000 hectares of forest annually, especially in low-income countries. Pesticide pollution : The crop requires heavy pesticide use, which contaminates water sources and harms biodiversity. Waste generation : Cigarette butts, which contain plastic filters, are the most littered item on Earth, polluting oceans, rivers, and urban spaces. Carbon emissions : Tobacco production and consumption generate over 84 million metric tons of CO₂ annually. WNTD calls for environmental accountability from tobacco companies and encourages governments to adopt polluter-pays policies, holding tobacco firms responsible for the full lifecycle of their products. Progress and challenges There is no denying that the global campaign against tobacco has yielded progress: Over 100 countries have implemented graphic warning labels on cigarette packs. Many cities and nations have smoke-free public spaces and higher tobacco taxes. Cessation support services are increasingly available via health systems and digital platforms. Plain packaging laws have helped reduce the appeal of cigarette brands in several countries. Yet, challenges remain. The tobacco industry continues to resist regulation through lawsuits and lobbying efforts. In some regions, particularly in parts of Africa and Southeast Asia, tobacco use is still rising. Moreover, the proliferation of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and nicotine pouches presents a new frontier of public health risks that are still poorly understood. A call to action World No Tobacco Day is not just a symbolic occasion; it's a call to action for governments, civil society, health professionals, and individuals. To truly combat the tobacco epidemic, a multi-pronged approach is essential: Stronger policy enforcement Governments must fully implement the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) — a legally binding treaty that outlines measures such as advertising bans, plain packaging, smoke-free zones, and increased taxation — to effectively combat tobacco use. Education and prevention Comprehensive school-based education programs that teach children about the risks associated with tobacco use are crucial. Public awareness campaigns, particularly those that leverage digital media, can also counter the glamorisation of smoking. Support for cessation Quitting tobacco is challenging due to nicotine's addictive nature. Access to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), counseling, and quitlines can significantly improve quit rates. Healthcare providers should be trained to support cessation in routine care. Protecting vulnerable populations Low-income communities, indigenous populations, and marginalised groups are disproportionately affected by tobacco. Targeted interventions and culturally sensitive messaging can bridge health gaps. Holding the industry accountable Transparency laws should require tobacco companies to disclose marketing expenditures and tactics. Governments should reject partnerships with the industry, avoiding conflicts of interest that undermine public health goals. What individuals can do You don't have to be a policymaker to make a difference on World No Tobacco Day. Here are a few steps individuals can take: Quit or help someone quit smoking — seek support through health professionals or digital resources. Advocate for smoke-free zones in your community. Educate children and teens about the dangers of tobacco and the manipulative tactics used by the industry. Share facts and resources on social media to raise awareness and promote understanding. Support legislation aimed at curbing tobacco use and demand accountability from tobacco companies. Conclusion World No Tobacco Day 2025 is a sobering yet empowering reminder that the battle against tobacco is far from over. While progress has been made, the tobacco industry's relentless drive to addict new users, especially youth, continues to threaten public health and future generations. This year's focus on protecting children is both timely and essential. It is a collective responsibility — from global leaders to local communities — to work toward a tobacco-free world. By taking decisive action now, we can save millions of lives, reduce healthcare costs, protect the environment, and build healthier societies. The time to act is not tomorrow — it's today. Let us mark World No Tobacco Day not just with awareness, but with action. Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Disclaimer Views expressed above are the author's own.
