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First Post
15 hours ago
- Health
- First Post
Doctor explains: How diet, sleep and gut health impact GLP-1 and weight regulation
As GLP-1-based drugs like semaglutide gain popularity, new insights highlight how gut health, diet, protein, and sleep can naturally support GLP-1 hormone function. Firstpost presents expert views on how lifestyle changes can aid metabolic health and weight management. read more In recent years, GLP-1-based medications such as semaglutide and liraglutide have captured global attention for their remarkable effectiveness in treating type 2 diabetes and promoting weight loss. But beyond the pharmaceutical spotlight, growing research is now linking lifestyle factors such as gut health, protein intake and sleep quality to natural regulation of GLP-1 and other hormones that influence appetite and metabolism. To understand the science behind GLP-1, its connection to gut health and how diet and lifestyle can support its function, Firstpost spoke to Dr Pankaj Puri, Director, Gastroenterology, Fortis Escorts, Okhla (New Delhi) to shed light on the broader implications of this hormone and its role in modern metabolic health. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD What exactly is GLP-1, and why is it gaining attention in both medical research and mainstream conversations around weight management? Dr Puri: GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) is a naturally occurring hormone secreted by the L-cells in the small intestine in response to food intake. It plays a key role in regulating blood glucose levels by enhancing insulin secretion, suppressing glucagon release, and slowing gastric emptying. Recently, GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide and liraglutide have garnered significant interest due to their effectiveness in promoting weight loss, improving blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes, and even showing promise in treating conditions like non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis. These wide-ranging benefits have brought GLP-1 into the spotlight in both medical and mainstream circles. Beyond medications like semaglutide or liraglutide, how can everyday habits or dietary choices naturally support GLP-1 function in the body? Dr Puri: Several lifestyle choices can naturally boost GLP-1 levels. A balanced diet rich in protein, fibre, and unprocessed foods helps promote GLP-1 secretion. Regular exercise, quality sleep, and a healthy gut microbiome also play a role. On the other hand, ultra-processed foods and high-sugar diets may impair GLP-1 function and overall hormone balance. Nurturing gut health is key to enhancing GLP-1 activity. What is the connection between gut health and appetite regulation? Can fermented foods and prebiotics really influence hormone levels like GLP-1? Dr Puri: Absolutely. The gut-brain axis is central to appetite control, with hormones like GLP-1 playing a significant role in this communication. A healthy gut microbiome, supported by fibre-rich diets, fermented foods, and prebiotics promotes the release of beneficial hormones that regulate hunger and satiety. Fermented foods such as yogurt, kefir, and kimchi, along with prebiotics like garlic, onions and bananas help maintain gut diversity which in turn supports GLP-1 function. How important is protein in regulating satiety hormones, and what are the best sources to include in a daily diet? Dr Puri: Protein is one of the most satiating macronutrients. It triggers the release of satiety hormones such as GLP-1 and peptide YY, helping to curb appetite and reduce calorie intake. Consistently incorporating high-quality protein sources like eggs, lean meats (chicken, fish), dairy products (paneer, yogurt), legumes, and pulses into meals can help maintain appetite control and metabolic balance. Can you explain how soluble fibre impacts digestion and appetite hormones? How much fibre should one ideally consume each day? Dr Puri: Soluble fibre slows down gastric emptying and digestion, which prolongs feelings of fullness and stabilises blood sugar levels. It also nourishes the gut microbiome, indirectly enhancing GLP-1 activity. Good sources include oats, psyllium husk, chia seeds, and legumes. Ideally, adults should aim for at least 10–15 grams of soluble fibre daily as part of their overall dietary fibre intake (25–30 grams per day). What role do omega-3 fatty acids and healthy fats like olive oil or avocado play in insulin sensitivity and appetite control? Dr Puri: Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty fish (like salmon), walnuts, and flaxseeds, possess strong anti-inflammatory properties. By reducing systemic inflammation, they improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic function. Similarly, healthy fats such as those from olive oil and avocado help regulate satiety hormones and promote cardiovascular health, making them valuable components of a balanced diet. How does poor sleep affect appetite hormones and glucose metabolism, and what lifestyle practices can help restore hormonal balance? Dr Puri: Sleep deprivation disrupts key appetite-regulating hormones—namely increasing ghrelin (hunger hormone) and decreasing leptin (satiety hormone)—leading to increased cravings and risk of weight gain. Poor sleep also impairs glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Restoring sleep hygiene, maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, and reducing screen time before bed can significantly help rebalance these hormones and support metabolic health. Some studies suggest that walking after meals can aid glucose regulation. Can you elaborate on how this simple habit affects metabolic and hormonal health? Dr Puri: Yes, walking after meals especially for 10–15 minutes can help reduce post-meal blood sugar spikes by promoting glucose uptake in muscles. It also improves insulin sensitivity and stimulates digestive processes. Incorporating this habit consistently can have a long-term positive impact on glucose control and weight management. How do irregular meal timings or skipping breakfast impact appetite-regulating hormones like GLP-1 and ghrelin? Dr Puri: Irregular meal patterns, including skipping breakfast, can disrupt the normal rhythm of hunger and satiety hormones. This often leads to increased ghrelin levels and reduced GLP-1 activity, triggering overeating later in the day. Adopting regular meal times and consuming a protein- and fibre-rich breakfast can help maintain hormonal balance and prevent excessive hunger throughout the day.
Hindustan Times
09-07-2025
- Health
- Hindustan Times
Is it just a headache? Neurologist shares 6 warning signs you shouldn't ignore
Numbness and headaches are often dismissed as minor issues, but they can be early warning signs of more serious underlying neurological conditions. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Neha Pandita, consultant of neurology and clinical lead of Parkinson's disease and movement disorders, Fortis Escorts, Okhla Road, New Delhi said, 'It is essential to know when you should consult a neurologist in order to receive an early diagnosis and proper treatment.' Also read | Neurologist shares how stress alters brain structure and lists 5 neurological conditions that stress may worsen Chronic headaches can denote underlying neurological issues. Dr Neha Pandita shared a list of warning signs that require immediate medical intervention: 1, Severe or chronic headaches Although the occasional headaches are benign, frequent or severe headaches that are refractory to over-the-counter medication may need the attention of a neurologist. Migraines, cluster headaches, or tension-type headaches may be better dealt with in skilled hands. Warning signs include acute onset, nausea with headache, or visual disturbances. 2. Numbness or abnormal sensations Numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation, particularly if it is localized to one side of the body, may be a sign of nerve damage or illnesses such as multiple sclerosis or stroke. Any repeated sensation that persists for more than a few minutes or comes back and back should be checked by a neurologist. Seizures, memory loss and muscle weakness can be warning signs.(Shutterstock) 3. Seizures or unexplained spells Seizures do not necessarily need to be spectacular; they can be mere loss of consciousness for a brief period, twitching, or sudden confusion. Such attacks, when occurring again and again, may reflect epilepsy or some other neurological disease and therefore need to be evaluated on an emergency basis. Also read | Are you just forgetful or is it something more? Neurologist shares when to see a doctor 4. Memory loss or changes in cognitive function Chronic forgetfulness, inability to concentrate, or a change in the manner of thinking can be signs of conditions such as dementia, Alzheimer's, or other brain diseases. A neurologist can check the function of memory and decide on the course of action. 5. Dizziness or balance problems If you're frequently dizzy, lightheaded, or have trouble maintaining balance, it could stem from a neurological issue affecting the inner ear, brain, or spinal cord. These symptoms are especially concerning if they occur suddenly or are accompanied by other neurological signs. 6. Muscle weakness or coordination problems Sudden weakness, coordination loss, staggering, and clumsiness may be the initial sign of muscle or nerve disorder conditions like neuropathy, ALS, or Parkinson's disease. The neurologist can identify the causative factor by conducting tests. 'It is extremely crucial within the realm of neurological well-being to detect any issue at its initial phase. If you are going through any of the aforementioned symptoms, don't wait and go see a doctor,' the neurologist emphasised. Also read | Neurologist debunks migraine myth: Still calling every headache a migraine? Here's why you should stop Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.
News18
06-07-2025
- Health
- News18
Why IBS Is Rising Among Gen Z: Gastroenterologist Explains The Gut-Brain Connection
Last Updated: The Gen Z is reporting a rise in symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. A gastroenterologist explains the gut-brain connection behind this digestive crisis. IBS not only impacts physical health, but also emotional well-being. Once considered a condition predominantly affecting older adults, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is now making an unexpected surge among Gen Z, raising red flags. Physicians are observing a marked uptick in cases, with young adults increasingly reporting chronic digestive problems such as bloating, cramping, irregular bowel movements, that mirror classic IBS symptoms. What's causing this generational shift? Growing research points to a complex and often overlooked culprit: the gut-brain axis. The Gut-Brain Connection Dr. Surakshith TK, Senior Consultant-Gastroenterology & Hepatology at Fortis Escorts in Okhla, New Delhi, says, 'The brain and the gut talk to each other all the time in a sophisticated system of nerves, hormones, and biochemical messengers called the gut-brain axis. When mental stability breaks down, particularly because of constant stress or anxiety, the digestive system will respond. In Gen Z, a generation under siege with higher levels of stress and anxiety, this union is more important than ever." advetisement Why Gen Z Is at Risk Multiple factors are converging into this crisis of the gut. Educational stress, social media, financial insecurity, and the post-pandemic world have fuelled the anxiety levels of Gen Z. Dr Surakshith notes, 'Poor eating, sleep disturbance at night, and lack of physical activity all promote gut dysfunction. All of these can blend together into IBS symptoms of bloating, abdominal pain, and change in bowel habits." IBS, Anxiety, and the Vicious Cycle IBS and anxiety are deeply intertwined, each feeding into the other. Anxiety can worsen IBS symptoms, while persistent gastrointestinal discomfort can heighten stress and mental fatigue, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that's hard to break. This impacts not just physical health, but also emotional well-being, productivity, and overall quality of life. Breaking the Cycle: A Holistic Approach Dr Surakshith says, 'Addressing IBS in Gen Z requires more than symptomatic treatment, it demands a holistic strategy. Practices like mindfulness, stress management, and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) have been shown to significantly improve both mental and digestive health." He adds, 'Diet plays a crucial role too. Identifying and eliminating trigger foods, while incorporating gut-friendly ingredients, can go a long way in easing flare-ups and discomfort." The surge in IBS cases among Gen Z is more than a medical concern; it's a reflection of deeper psychological and societal pressures. First Published: July 06, 2025, 19:41 IST News lifestyle » health-and-fitness Why IBS Is Rising Among Gen Z: Gastroenterologist Explains The Gut-Brain Connection Latest News Why IBS Is Rising Among Gen Z: Gastroenterologist Explains The Gut-Brain Connection health and fitness New Delhi Will New Delhi Railway Station Be Renamed Atal Bihari Vajpayee? Lok Sabha MP Writes To Ministry Agency feeds Foreign liquor worth Rs 1 crore seized near UP-Bihar border Agency feeds UP: One dies, 70 fall ill after consuming biryani during Muharram procession Agency feeds England slump to 153/6 losing Stokes at stroke of lunch latest news
Hindustan Times
03-07-2025
- Health
- Hindustan Times
Are you always stressed? It can affect your brain, says neurologist; know these 5 tips to manage stress
Being constantly under stress can affect general wellbeing. It can affect the heart, brain, and ruin our mental health as well. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Neha Pandita, consultant - neurology and clinical lead - Parkinson's disease and movement disorders, Fortis Escorts, Okhla Road, New Delhi focused on how chronic stress can affect our brain. Also read | Are you always stressed? Expert shares how your gut health may be silently paying the price Stress silently shapes your brain health.(Shutterstock) 'When the body is constantly being put on alert, it releases stress hormones such as cortisol. Healthy in small amounts, repeated cortisol exposure over a period of time can weaken the hippocampus, which is the area of the brain that handles memory and learning. This may lead to problems with concentration, decision-making, and even cognitive decline later in life,' the neurologist said. 'Chronic stress also causes inflammation and disrupts neuron-to-neuron transmission. It has also been linked to psychiatric conditions such as anxiety, depression, and susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. It can also decrease brain areas responsible for emotion regulation and self-command, hence making stress control more challenging in the long run,' said Dr Neha Pandita. Also read | Always stressed? 6 signs that indicate your body has high cortisol levels Chronic stress can lead to psychiatric conditions.(Shutterstock) Tips to manage chronic stress: The neurologist further noted down methods to manage chronic stress and have a healthier life: 1. Mindfulness and meditation: Mindfulness practice and meditation can decrease cortisol levels and increase more gray matter in the brain. Mindfulness each day builds psychological resilience, improves emotional regulation, and enhances concentration. 2. Physical activity: Physical exercise is a well-documented stress reducer. Walking, yoga, or weightlifting reduces depression and anxiety and stimulates the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein that supports healthy brain function. 3. Healthy sleep patterns: Chronic stress can disrupt sleep, which in turn negatively affects cognition. Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and creating a calming atmosphere are central to brain rejuvenation and stress management. Also read | Silent stress at work: Psychologist shares 10 subtle signs of burnout that might be quietly draining your energy 4. Balanced nutrition: Dietary consumption of fruit, vegetables, lean protein, and omega-3 fatty acids promotes brain function and stabilizes mood. Curbing the habit of excessive caffeine, sugar, and processed food consumption also stabilizes reactions to stress. 5. Social connection and support: Good support and relationships can act as a buffer to protect against the effects of stress. Talking to friends, going to support groups, or seeing a therapist can provide emotional relief and improve coping skills. Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.
Economic Times
15-06-2025
- Health
- Economic Times
How taking Vitamin A, B12, D or Biotin without doctor's advice may harm your liver, kidneys, cause birth defects, and more health issues
Vitamin D, B12, magnesium and biotin supplements have become very popular in recent times. But experts warn that taking them without a doctor's advice can cause more harm than good. According to Dr Suranjit Chatterjee, senior consultant at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, not getting enough nutrients can lead to health problems like weak bones and anaemia. But taking too much, especially of fat-soluble vitamins like A and D, can also be dangerous. 'Optimal nutrient levels support immune function, energy production and mental health. For instance, adequate magnesium intake is linked to improved mood and reduced anxiety,' he told TOI. Doctors say that before starting any supplement, people should consult a healthcare professional. A doctor can recommend the right supplement after checking the person's health, diet, and blood reports. As per Dr Pankaj Soni, principal director, Internal Medicine at Fortis Escorts, Okhla, fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) should be taken after meals that contain some fat. Even a small amount of dairy will help absorption. 'Water-soluble vitamins like B-complex and C should be taken on an empty stomach with water,' he added. Most minerals can be taken at any time of the day. Dr Anurag Mahajan, vice-chairman and senior consultant at PSRI Hospital, said supplements are not necessary for everyone. 'Some people over 80 remain healthy without any supplements because they eat well and live healthily,' he told TOI. However, calcium and vitamin D3 may still be needed, especially for post-menopausal Meenakshi Jain, senior director at Max Hospital, Patparganj, added, 'Blood tests are very important in finding out what nutrients you are low on. And once a person starts taking supplements, they should stop only if a doctor says so.' She warned against stopping or continuing supplements without medical too many supplements can also lead to toxicity. According to doctors: Too much Vitamin A can cause liver problems, nausea, blurred vision and even birth defects. Excess Vitamin D can lead to kidney damage, high calcium levels, and weak muscles. Too much B12 is mostly safe, but may trigger acne or react with some medicines. Excess folic acid can hide B12 deficiency and cause nerve issues. Too much magnesium can cause diarrhoea, irregular heartbeat and breathing problems. Biotin, if taken in large doses, may affect lab test results and cause confusion in diagnoses. Zinc overdose can cause nausea, headaches, and lower the immune system's strength. Dr Arjun Dang, CEO of Dr Dangs Lab, shared with TOI that tests for Vitamin D and B12 are the most commonly requested, especially by people aged 30–50 who face tiredness and lifestyle issues. 'We see many young adults in their 20s, especially vegetarians and vegans, getting tested for B12,' he said. He added that the number of such tests has gone up over the last decade due to increased health awareness, easy access to health information online, and the post-pandemic focus on personal well-being. Inputs from TOI
