4 days ago
Pádraic Fogarty: U-turn shows Government is unwilling to protect Ireland's sea creatures
At last month's United Nations Ocean Conference, held in Nice, France, the Spanish government announced that it would be creating seven new marine protected areas (MPAs) which will bring its total network to 25.7% of its territorial waters.
Spain is hardly a great champion for marine protection, it is currently in court for allowing bottom trawling in its MPAs and has virtually nowhere that is 'strictly protected', that is, off limits to all kinds of fishing or extractive activities. Nevertheless, it can credibly say that it is on track to achieve protection of 30% of its waters by 2030, an international benchmark that many countries, including Ireland, have signed up to.
Taoiseach Micheál Martin was also in Nice for the summit but, unlike the Spanish, announced no initiatives on MPAs. In a speech he said that 'Ireland understands the need to protect our marine environment', which may be true, but this is scarcely reflected in the apathy and inaction from him and his government on this topic.
Unlike nearly every other European country, Ireland lacks even the basic legislation for the creation of MPAs, something that we agreed to pass back in 2008 with the adoption of the EU's Marine Strategy Framework Directive. It took 13 years before a Fine Gael-led government commissioned an expert report on the issue, which appeared in 2021.
In 2022 there was a public consultation which, in the government's own words, demonstrated 'strong support' for MPAs and which received an impressive 2,311 submissions, mostly from ordinary people. A draft bill was published at the end of that year while the Joint Oireachtas Committee published its report on this early in 2023.
Last year the bill came within a hair's breadth of being approved by the government but was pulled at the last minute for reasons that have not been explained publicly. As recently as the run-up to the last election, Micheál Martin wrote to the campaign group Fair Seas assuring them that upon a return to office the MPA bill would be passed 'as soon as possible.'
However, last weekend it was reported that the Taoiseach is doing a full U-turn on this policy. A report in the Sunday Business Post said that the bill would now be dropped, and that they were looking at ways to shoehorn MPAs into existing legislation.
Padraic Fogarty: 'There is huge popular support for taking action. People love the sea.'
There are those who will say that it makes little difference whether the provision for MPAs lies within standalone legislation or not. Theoretically they might be correct, but the reality of what has happened points to something far more worrying.
Creating the foundations for an MPA network that will actually deliver the recovery of marine life requires a substantial level of detail to be nailed down in law. There is work by scientists to identify where the best places for MPAs should be but drawing the lines on maps is the easy part.
How will they be monitored? Who will enforce the rules? Where will strictly protected areas be located? Of critical importance are the details on how they will be managed on a day-to-day basis; where will responsibility lie and how will local communities be able to participate?
We know these questions are important because the existing network of protected conservation areas, which were designated as part of the EU's Habitats and Birds directives, has failed miserably in achieving its aims and has only served to anger local people and distance them from our most precious nature sites.
It is an approach that has landed us, repeatedly, in the European Court of Justice and is a leading reason why the scale of the biodiversity crisis in Ireland is much greater than it might have otherwise been. Micheál Martin's backflip on the MPA bill signals that they don't have the willingness to go through with this.
Much easier is adding a few clauses to an existing bill to allow for the nominal designation of MPAs and the creation of more 'paper parks', something that will allow the government to claim that it has met international commitments, but which delivers nothing in the water for biodiversity.
Fishing industry
This is not only about recovering the rich marine life that is currently a shadow of its former self due to decades of fishing activity, pollution and, more recently, warming waters. The fishing communities that rely on healthy seas have dwindled away also.
The situation has become so dire that whatever fish are left are far out to sea being hoovered up by industrial factory boats leaving lobsters as the only reliable catch for the guys in small boats. On the other hand, the director of the National Inshore Fisheries Forum told a conference in Cork in 2022 that 'MPAs could be the saviour of the inshore industry'.
It is not just the MPAs that highlights the Taoiseach's inaction. His government has also failed to legislate for the exclusion of large trawlers from coastal waters, something that was promised a decade ago.
Lack of food has seen the large whales abandon the south coast, something which this year prompted long-time boatman Colin Barnes to close up his whale watching business in Union Hall.
In 2022, when the EU asked member states to stop bottom trawling in existing protected areas, the Irish government just shrugged its shoulders and carried on. It is perfectly allowable for someone to drag a dredger, a long iron bar with outward teeth that dig into the seafloor, through one of these so-called 'special areas of conservation'.
Frustration with Government inaction
Why is the government seemingly so incapable of taking any action? How is it willing to stand like a frightened bunny and watch ecosystems and fishing communities collapse and do nothing about it?
Ireland is a dynamic place. We had a successful Citizens' Assembly on Biodiversity Loss which clearly outlined the action that needs to be taken. There is no shortage of community groups, businesses, NGOs and fishermen who are willing, eager even, to roll up their sleeves and start the task of restoration.
There is huge popular support for taking action. People love the sea.
Yet the lack of action, the reneging of promises, the endless, meaningless speeches are sapping motivation. This was demonstrated in a recent Climate Conversations survey which showed that public anxiety on environmental issues is rising due to government inaction.
'Frustration was the main feeling reported,' according to pollsters.
Our politicians are the only ones who can pass laws, without which change where it matters cannot happen. I have seen this first hand in my work as an advocate for nature for over 20 years.
The government should not be allowed backslide on its duty to pass a standalone law for MPAs, like it promised, like the people of this country want.
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