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Indian Express
a day ago
- Business
- Indian Express
Top 5% in rural India consume nearly double the animal protein of bottom 5%
A report by the Ministry of Statistics titled 'Nutritional Intake in India (2022–23 & 2023–24)' indicates that as Monthly Per Capita Consumer Expenditure (MPCE) — the average monthly spending per person in a household— goes up, so does the reliance on eggs, fish, and meat as sources of protein. This pattern is especially pronounced in rural India, where dietary habits are more sensitive to income levels. Among the poorest 5% of the rural population based on MPCE fractile classes, just 9% of their total protein intake comes from animal-based sources like eggs, fish, and meat. In contrast, the richest 5% in rural areas derive 17.1% of their protein from these non-vegetarian items, almost double the share seen among the poorest. In urban India, however, the gap is narrower. The lowest MPCE group in urban areas gets 11.2% of their protein from animal sources, compared to 13.8% among the highest MPCE group. While income still influences dietary patterns in cities, the difference in protein source preferences is less stark than in rural regions. MPCE represents the average monthly spending per person within a household. It is widely used in National Sample Survey (NSS) reports serving as a key indicator of household consumption patterns and is often used as a proxy for assessing living standards and poverty levels. To analyse consumption distribution across the population, MPCE data is divided into fractile classes statistical groupings that split the population into equal segments based on their expenditure levels. According to the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey 2023–24, the bottom 5% of India's rural population ranked by MPCE has an average monthly per capita expenditure of Rs 1,677, compared to Rs 2,376 among the bottom 5% in urban areas. In stark contrast, the top 5% of the population spends significantly more: Rs 10,137 in rural India and Rs 20,310 in urban India. The report highlights a shift in the sources of protein intake as MPCE levels rise. As incomes increase, the reliance on cereals as a primary source of protein declines significantly. In rural India, the share of protein derived from cereals drops from 56% among the bottom 5% of the population by MPCE to 33.8% among the top 5%. A similar trend is observed in urban India, where the contribution of cereals to protein intake falls from 51.9% in the lowest MPCE fractile to 24% in the highest. This decline is offset by an increased contribution from other food groups as MPCE levels rise. The most notable increase is seen in the share of milk and milk products, which rises from 5.5% to 14.6% in rural areas and from 7.8% to 14.6% in urban areas across the same MPCE range. The Nutritional Intake in India (2022-23 & 2023-24) survey covered a nationally representative sample of 2.61 lakh households across 8,684 villages and 6,143 urban blocks, providing insights into changing dietary patterns across income groups. The average daily per capita calorie intake in India stands at 2,212 kilocalories (Kcal) in rural areas and 2,240 Kcal in urban areas. However, calorie consumption is closely linked to MPCE and shows a monotonically increasing trend across MPCE class that is, calorie intake consistently rises with higher expenditure levels. The gap between the lowest and highest MPCE fractiles is particularly stark. In rural India, individuals in the bottom 5% of the population by MPCE consume an average of just 1,688 Kcal per day, while those in the top 5% consume 2,941 Kcal, a difference of over 1,250 Kcal. The pattern is similar in urban areas, where average daily calorie intake increases from 1,696 Kcal in the bottom 5% to 3,092 Kcal in the top 5%.
NDTV
4 days ago
- General
- NDTV
India Ahead Of Neighbours In Egg Intake, But Still Lags Global Average
New Delhi: "Sunday ho ya Monday, roz khao ande" (Whether it's Sunday or Monday, eat eggs every day) - you've probably heard this catchy line from a once-famous advertisement. The campaign aimed to promote the inclusion of eggs in the Indian diet. But beyond the jingle, has the message really translated into action? Let's look at the data to find out. India's egg journey: A look through the decades An analysis of egg consumption trends from 1961 to 2022, sourced from 'Our World in Data', offers some fascinating insights. Between 1961 and 1976, Indians consumed more eggs per capita than Pakistanis. In 1977, both nations were in a neck-and-neck race. The very next year, Pakistan pulled ahead and retained its lead for over three decades, until 2013. From 2014 to 2017, the per capita egg intake in India and Pakistan remained roughly equal. Then came the big change - in 2018, India overtook Pakistan in annual per capita egg consumption and has maintained its lead since. By 2022, Indians were consuming 4.6 kilograms (shell weight) of eggs per person annually, compared to 3.7 kg in Pakistan. India ahead of all neighbours India's egg consumption outpaces not just Pakistan, but also Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. In 2022, Bangladesh recorded 3.6 kg per capita, Sri Lanka stood at 3.7 kg, and Nepal lagged far behind at just 2 kg. Experts link India's upward trend to rising incomes, better access to food, and increasing awareness about the importance of dietary protein. Yet, despite these improvements, the global comparison tells a different story. While India leads South Asia in egg intake, it still consumes less than half the global average. In 2022, global per capita egg consumption was 10.4 kilograms - more than twice India's 4.6 kg. The gap suggests that despite progress, India has significant ground to cover in aligning with global nutritional standards. What does India's household food spending tell us? To understand dietary choices better, it helps to look at where Indian households are spending their food budgets. As per the Ministry of Statistics (2023-24), the monthly per capita food expenditure is Rs 1,939 in rural areas and Rs 2,776 in urban areas. Rural households spend about 47% of their total monthly consumption on food, while urban households spend around 40%. Interestingly, beverages, snacks, and processed foods top the food expenditure list. Urban Indians allocate 11.1 per cent and rural Indians 9.8 per cent of their total monthly spending on items like soft drinks, chips, and ready-to-eat foods. Milk and dairy products come next: 7.2 per cent of urban and 8.4 per cent of rural monthly consumption goes here. Vegetables are prioritised over cereals in both segments. Urban residents spend 4.1 per cent on vegetables and 3.8 per cent on cereals; rural areas show a similar pattern with 6 per cent and 5 per cent, respectively. Egg consumption in India is rising and outpacing neighbouring countries, thanks to improved awareness and affordability. But a glance at food expenditure patterns reveals a growing preference for processed foods, too. The trend needs careful examination.
Hans India
21-06-2025
- Business
- Hans India
Engg exports rise 60% in a decade
New Delhi: India's engineering goods exports have surged by 60 per cent since 2014, Union Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal said on Friday. Highlighting the success of the 'Make in India' initiative, the Union Minister credited the steady rise in engineering exports to the government's focused efforts over the last decade. 'India on the rise! Since 2014, under @NarendraModi Govt., engineering goods' exports have surged by 60 per cent, reflecting robust 'Make in India' success,' Goyal posted on social media platform X. This rise in engineering exports comes at a time when India's broader industrial performance is also showing steady improvement. As per the earlier Ministry of Statistics data, industrial production in April 2025 grew by 2.7 per cent year-on-year (YoY). The manufacturing sector, a key pillar of India's economic growth, registered a 3.4 per cent rise in April, improving from 3 per cent growth in March. Sectors like basic metals, motor vehicles, and machinery were among the top contributors to this growth. The manufacture of machinery and equipment alone grew by 17 per cent, pointing to strong demand in both domestic and export markets. The production of capital goods -- equipment used in industrial and infrastructure projects -- saw a sharp 20.3 per cent rise. This not only signals higher investment activity but also supports long-term job creation and income growth. Consumer demand has also remained strong, with the output of durable goods such as electronics and appliances increasing by 6.4 per cent.
Hans India
20-06-2025
- Business
- Hans India
Inflation eases further in May for India's farm and rural workers
New Delhi: The year-on-year inflation rates based on the all-India consumer price index for agricultural labourers (CPI-AL) and rural labourers (CPI-RL) for May this year declined to 2.84 per cent and 2.97 per cent, respectively, compared to 7 per cent and 7.02 per cent in the same month of the previous year, bringing respite to poor households, figures released by the Ministry of Labour & Employment on Friday showed. The inflation rate has also come down on a month-to-month basis, as corresponding figures for April 2025 stood at 3.48 per cent for CPI-AL and 3.53 per cent for CPI-RL. The inflation rate for agricultural and rural labourers has been steadily declining over the last seven months. This comes as a welcome relief for these vulnerable segments that are hit hardest by spiralling prices. It also leaves more money in their hands to buy a wider range of goods, leading to a better lifestyle. The decline in inflation for farm and rural workers has also come in the backdrop of a fall in the country's overall inflation based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) to 2.82 per cent in May this year compared to the same month of the previous year. This is the lowest level of retail inflation since February 2019, according to a statement issued by the Ministry of Statistics on Thursday. Food Inflation declined to 0.99 per cent during May, which is the lowest since October 2021. This is the seventh month in a row that food inflation has registered a decline as the agricultural output has been on the rise. The significant decline in inflation during the month is mainly attributed to the decline in inflation of pulses, vegetables, fruits, cereals, household goods & services, sugar, and eggs. Inflation also declined due to a moderation in fuel prices, with international prices of crude oil coming down during the month. The RBI has revised its inflation outlook for 2025-26 downwards from the earlier forecast of 4 per cent to 3.7 per cent, Reserve Bank Governor Sanjay Malhotra said during the monetary policy review meeting earlier this month. CPI inflation for the financial year 2025-26 is now projected at 3.7 per cent, with Q1 at 2.9 per cent, Q2 at 3.4 per cent, Q3 at 3.9 per cent, and Q4 at 4.4 per cent. The easing of inflation has enabled the RBI to go in for an interest rate cut and a reduction in the cash reserve ratio (CRR)for banks to spur growth in the economy.
Business Standard
12-06-2025
- Business
- Business Standard
Consumer Price inflation falls to lowest since Feb-19
Ministry of Statistics stated in a latest update that year-on-year inflation rate based on All India Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the month of May, 2025 over May, 2024 is 2.82% (Provisional). There is decline of 34 basis points in headline inflation of May, 2025 in comparison to April, 2025. It is the lowest year-on-year inflation after February, 2019. Year-on-year inflation rate based on All India Consumer Food Price Index (CFPI) for the month of May, 2025 over May, 2024 is 0.99% (Provisional). Corresponding inflation rate for rural and urban are 0.95% and 0.96%, respectively. All India inflation rates for CPI(General) and CFPI over the last 13 months are shown below. A sharp decline of 79 basis point is observed in food inflation in May, 2025 in comparison to April, 2025. The food inflation in May, 2025 is the lowest after October, 2021. The sharp drop in headline inflation and food inflation during the month of May, 2025 is mainly attributed to decline in inflation of Pulses & products, Vegetables, Fruits, Cereals & products, Households goods & services, Sugar & confectionary and Egg and the favourable base effect. Rural Inflation: Significant decline was noted in headline and food inflation in rural sector observed in May, 2025. The headline inflation is 2.59% (Provisional) in May, 2025 while the same was 2.92% in April, 2025. The CFPI based food inflation in rural sector is observed as 0.95% (Provisional) in May, 2025 in comparison to 1.85% in April, 2025. Urban Inflation: Significant decline was noted from 3.36% in April, 2025 to 3.07% (Provisional) in May, 2025 is observed in headline inflation of urban sector. Sharp decline is also observed in food inflation from 1.64% in April, 2025 to 0.96% (Provisional) in May, 2025. Housing Inflation: Year-on-year Housing inflation rate for the month of May, 2025 is 3.16% (Provisional). Corresponding inflation rate for the month of April, 2025 was 3.06%. The housing index is compiled for urban sector only. Education Inflation: Year-on-year Education inflation rate for the month of May, 2025 is 4.12% (Provisional). Corresponding inflation rate for the month of April, 2025 was 4.13%. Health Inflation: Year-on-year Health inflation rate for the month of May, 2025 is 4.34% (Provisional). Corresponding inflation rate for the month of April, 2025 was 4.25%. Transport & Communication: Year-on-year Transport & communication inflation rate for the month of May, 2025 is 3.85%(Provisional). Corresponding inflation rate for the month of April, 2025 was 3.67%. It is combined inflation rate for both rural and urban sector. Fuel & light: Year-on-year Fuel & light inflation rate for the month of May, 2025 is 2.78%(Provisional). Corresponding inflation rate for the month of April, 2025 was 2.92%.
