Latest news with #SSRichardMontgomery
Yahoo
14-07-2025
- Yahoo
How an explosive-filled shipwreck in the Thames could trigger a tsunami
It's a sultry June day on the glistening Thames Estuary; perfect for a river cruise and a spot of lunch in Kent. Yet there's something vaguely unsettling in the distance as we embark the 'Cruiser' tourist boat at the end of Southend pier; gentle waves are lapping at three masts of a wrecked ship, a phalanx of buoys warning people off coming too close. This wreck is the famous SS Richard Montgomery, an American 'Liberty' cargo ship which was bound for Cherbourg in 1944 and loaded with munitions to support the war effort after the Normandy invasion. But during a gale her anchor dragged into Sheerness' middle sandbank, cracking the hull and buckling under the weight of the cargo. And, despite multiple salvage efforts, it's remained there ever since, the three visible masts acting as an eerie gravestone at its final resting place. And in so doing – without actually exploding – the SS Montgomery has become something of a cause célèbre. It's also become one of the most monitored wreck sites in the world; there's CCTV and radar making sure no-one breaches the exclusion zone, and aircraft can't fly within 13,100 feet of it. Perhaps, though, that's not completely surprising when our Captain Richard Bain is merrily telling passengers who have joined today's jaunt that 'over 1,500 tonnes of ammunition are thought to still remain on board', as we set a course from Southend through the treacherous sandbanks that claimed the Montgomery 80 years ago. 'Some say that if it was to detonate today,' he continues, 'there's enough explosive power on this ship to send a five-metre wall of water up the River Thames towards London.' The 'some say' isn't anecdotal or the stuff of local legend. According to SS Montgomery expert Professor David Alexander, The Royal Military College of Science worked out that the absolute worst case scenario, if the Montgomery was to blow, was a 3,000 metre-high column of water, debris, sand… and that five metre-high tsunami. Somewhat incredibly, that calculation was in itself made 55 years ago. There has been a lot of procrastination – some might call it governmental gambling – about what to do with the SS Montgomery ever since. And a lot of reports. At this time of year, every year, the Maritime and Coastguard Agency – as part of the Department for Transport – publish a survey on the state of the wreck. There are always changes and deteriorations in its state (this year the 'drastic change of the sediment levels in hold 2' and a tilt of the wreck to the east were most notable), although the water is so muddy and the tides so changeable, divers no longer examine it; the work is completed by multibeam sonar technology. The concern from some, then, is that eventually there will be a catastrophic structural event that will set off a chain reaction of explosions. That event could be as simple as the masts we see hoving into uncomfortably close view collapsing through the deck and compressing the bombs beneath. What would happen then? 'Doors and windows would be blown from their hinges in both Southend and Sheerness. It would be the largest, non-nuclear explosion we have seen in our lifetime,' says Captain Bain. 'So that's why we're going to see it.' No wonder there's a bar onboard. This enduring fascination with the SS Montgomery is one of the reasons why Jetstream Tours have been bringing boats here for a decade. Meanwhile, a paddle boarder was pictured some time ago leaning against the mast, there are stories of people fishing off it and having picnics on the deck, and Bain still sees sailing boats in the exclusion zone, passing between the buoys. 'Maybe it's the fear of missing out,' he says, once we've safely circumnavigated the site and decanted hungry travellers at Queenborough, a sleepy town on the north Kent coast. 'The last opportunity to see the masts in their natural state.' So why aren't people sailing away from this wreck rather than towards it? Maybe the answer comes from someone who has been living with the possibility of explosions and tidal waves her entire life. Veronica Cordier is a former Chair of The Isle Of Grain Parish Council, just a few kilometres away on dry land. To her knowledge they have never been consulted about any plans to safeguard their community from the SS Montgomery, despite the fact they're also home to the largest liquefied natural gas terminal in Europe… and 28 petroleum storage tanks. 'You know what, we only think about it when it's in the media,' she says. 'We've got so used to it just being there.' So she's not worried?'Well, I'm not happy it's there, and I'd be worried about what would happen if it did blow up of course. But then again, with the industry on the Isle Of Grain, it's just one of many hazards. If one goes up, they all go up!' Which is one of the reasons why Professor Alexander talks of blast walls along the Kent coast needing to be installed if the SS Richard Montgomery was really going to be salvaged and made safe. He's been studying, researching and teaching about the SS Montgomery at UCL since 2018. 'It's fascinating. After the war, there were lots of ships sunk with munitions on them, some deliberately. Just about everything was salvaged and cleared away, but not the Montgomery.' But why not? Professor Alexander thinks the government attitude has been one of 'the longer it's left, the safer it gets'. But in the course of his research he went to Defence Munitions Kineton in Warwickshire – the largest ammunition depot in western Europe and home to the Defence Explosive Ordnance Disposal, Munitions and Search Training Regiment. Speaking to experts there, it became quite clear to him that most bombs do not get safer over long periods of time. 'I've made documentaries about the SS Montgomery, but I've never sailed around it myself,' he says. 'That was a deliberate choice. I find it gives me nightmares.' Perhaps you'd expect a professor of Emergency Planning and Management in UCL's Department of Risk and Disaster Reduction to find the risk here. It's his life's work, after all. But does he find the current situation ever so slightly irresponsible? 'I suppose I do,' he says. 'Several things could happen. The wreck is disintegrating, and that will accelerate over time. That's quite clear from the reports – and as that happens it might disturb or affect the state of the bombs. 'Then there's the possibility of either a navigational error or a technical failure on a ship that then sails into the Montgomery. We've nearly had that – in 2010 a Danish tanker was heading straight for it with a cargo of one of the components of TNT!' 'You've also got to consider terrorism or deliberate interference – during the London Olympics the SS Montgomery was under heavy surveillance.' Which is likely one of the reasons a 'Notam' – or notice to airmen, saying no-one is allowed to fly under 13,100ft across the exclusion zone was implemented in May this year. So not quite a no-fly zone but there's clearly serious enough concern to implement something approaching it. Not quite enough to solve the problem once and for all, though. Four years ago, there was a tender won to remove the masts entirely but the subsequent lack of action on that front, says Professor Alexander, is because in the preparations for the footings necessary to complete the work, 67 'foreign objects' were found on the seabed. 'They were bombs,' he believes. 'Some have clearly fallen out of the Montgomery. Others were probably dumped there by fishermen when they came up in their nets – it's much easier to unload them in the exclusion zone.' So there's been no progress, no plans since. Maybe that's because some of the salvage studies have talked about evacuating Sheerness for a year – it's why Professor Alexander talks of blast walls and robotics being more realistic. 'But it would be expensive.'And that's the real issue here, one senses. As Cordier puts it, 'these are financially straitened times aren't they? Governments aren't going to pay millions to make it safe.' Easier, then, to put their trust in an adequate survey. Nevertheless, Professor Alexander does have some sympathy with this approach. 'It is unlikely it would all go up at once,' he admits. 'There's different types of bomb in there with different mechanisms. We don't really know to what extent they are fused, either. 'So you might have some bombs going off and some big explosions, but not all at once. It is a precarious situation, though.' Just how precarious is a question for the Department for Transport to answer. We invite them to come out on the water with us and show us what work is being done to secure the SS Montgomery. They prefer to tell us there is no indication that the further degradation of the structure has increased the risk associated with the wreck – and that recent reports of shipping entering the restricted zone were inaccurate. But they do anticipate continuing work on the project to reduce the height of the wreck's three masts 'within the next year'. That's the project, not the actual works themselves. A Department for Transport spokesperson said: 'Our priority will always be to ensure the safety of the public and to reduce any risk posed by the SS Richard Montgomery. 'The condition of the wreck remains stable, and experts are continuing to monitor the site. As part of their ongoing monitoring, they have updated advice on how authorities can further minimise risk and recommended that pilots and operators do not fly in a limited area around and above the site as specified by the Civil Aviation Authority.' All of which would seem to suggest Captain Bain will be sailing passengers around the SS Richard Montgomery for some time yet. 'I haven't seen decay,' he says. 'It managed to last all winter and the chances are, if anything is going to happen, it will happen in a gale force wind, in bad weather.' But, after passing them hundreds of times since Jetstream Tours started a decade ago, he has noticed that the masts are moving, 'they are rocking backwards and forwards'. And on occasion he has been asked to intervene when other vessels have gone too close. He adds: 'I've seen sailing boats in there, passing between the buoys. People just don't really know. And we sometimes do get tasked by the Port Authority to see if we can get names of a particular vessel. 'We don't like grassing people up, but at the same time it's there for security. Nine out of 10 times they just don't know.' So for now, the SS Montgomery remains something of a mawkish tourist attraction. And unless it does actually blow to smithereens, Professor Alexander can't see that changing any time soon. 'I got all the files about the SS Montgomery from the National Archives,' he says. 'And do you know what that told me more than anything? A typical British government meeting presided over by the Prime Minister will be 20 minutes of telling people about a subject they don't know anything about, 20 minutes of prevaricating, and 20 minutes to decide not to do anything.'And on that bombshell… the next trip to the SS Montgomery leaves on Tuesday. Broaden your horizons with award-winning British journalism. Try The Telegraph free for 1 month with unlimited access to our award-winning website, exclusive app, money-saving offers and more.
Telegraph
29-06-2025
- Telegraph
How an explosive-filled shipwreck in the Thames could trigger an tsunami
It's a sultry June day on the glistening Thames Estuary; perfect for a river cruise and a spot of lunch in Kent. Yet there's something vaguely unsettling in the distance as we embark the 'Cruiser' tourist boat at the end of Southend pier; gentle waves are lapping at three masts of a wrecked ship, a phalanx of buoys warning people off coming too close. This wreck is the famous SS Richard Montgomery, an American 'Liberty' cargo ship which was bound for Cherbourg in 1944 and loaded with munitions to support the war effort after the Normandy invasion. But during a gale her anchor dragged into Sheerness' middle sandbank, cracking the hull and buckling under the weight of the cargo. And, despite multiple salvage efforts, it's remained there ever since, the three visible masts acting as an eerie gravestone at its final resting place. And in so doing – without actually exploding – the SS Montgomery has become something of a cause célèbre. It's also become one of the most monitored wreck sites in the world; there's CCTV and radar making sure no-one breaches the exclusion zone, and aircraft can't fly within 13,100 feet of it. Perhaps, though, that's not completely surprising when our Captain Richard Bain is merrily telling passengers who have joined today's jaunt that 'over 1,500 tonnes of ammunition are thought to still remain on board', as we set a course from Southend through the treacherous sandbanks that claimed the Montgomery 80 years ago. 'Some say that if it was to detonate today,' he continues, 'there's enough explosive power on this ship to send a five-metre wall of water up the River Thames towards London.' The 'some say' isn't anecdotal or the stuff of local legend. According to SS Montgomery expert Professor David Alexander, The Royal Military College of Science worked out that the absolute worst case scenario, if the Montgomery was to blow, was a 3,000 metre-high column of water, debris, sand… and that five metre-high tsunami. Somewhat incredibly, that calculation was in itself made 55 years ago. There has been a lot of procrastination – some might call it governmental gambling – about what to do with the SS Montgomery ever since. And a lot of reports. At this time of year, every year, the Maritime and Coastguard Agency – as part of the Department for Transport – publish a survey on the state of the wreck. There are always changes and deteriorations in its state (this year the 'drastic change of the sediment levels in hold 2' and a tilt of the wreck to the east were most notable), although the water is so muddy and the tides so changeable, divers no longer examine it; the work is completed by multibeam sonar technology. The concern from some, then, is that eventually there will be a catastrophic structural event that will set off a chain reaction of explosions. That event could be as simple as the masts we see hoving into uncomfortably close view collapsing through the deck and compressing the bombs beneath. What would happen then? 'Doors and windows would be blown from their hinges in both Southend and Sheerness. It would be the largest, non-nuclear explosion we have seen in our lifetime,' says Captain Bain. 'So that's why we're going to see it.' No wonder there's a bar onboard. This enduring fascination with the SS Montgomery is one of the reasons why Jetstream Tours have been bringing boats here for a decade. Meanwhile, a paddle boarder was pictured some time ago leaning against the mast, there are stories of people fishing off it and having picnics on the deck, and Bain still sees sailing boats in the exclusion zone, passing between the buoys. 'Maybe it's the fear of missing out,' he says, once we've safely circumnavigated the site and decanted hungry travellers at Queenborough, a sleepy town on the north Kent coast. 'The last opportunity to see the masts in their natural state.' So why aren't people sailing away from this wreck rather than towards it? Maybe the answer comes from someone who has been living with the possibility of explosions and tidal waves her entire life. Veronica Cordier is a former Chair of The Isle Of Grain Parish Council, just a few kilometres away on dry land. To her knowledge they have never been consulted about any plans to safeguard their community from the SS Montgomery, despite the fact they're also home to the largest liquefied natural gas terminal in Europe… and 28 petroleum storage tanks. 'You know what, we only think about it when it's in the media,' she says. 'We've got so used to it just being there.' So she's not worried? 'Well, I'm not happy it's there, and I'd be worried about what would happen if it did blow up of course. But then again, with the industry on the Isle Of Grain, it's just one of many hazards. If one goes up, they all go up!' Which is one of the reasons why Professor Alexander talks of blast walls along the Kent coast needing to be installed if the SS Richard Montgomery was really going to be salvaged and made safe. He's been studying, researching and teaching about the SS Montgomery at UCL since 2018. 'It's fascinating. After the war, there were lots of ships sunk with munitions on them, some deliberately. Just about everything was salvaged and cleared away, but not the Montgomery.' But why not? Professor Alexander thinks the government attitude has been one of 'the longer it's left, the safer it gets'. But in the course of his research he went to Defence Munitions Kineton in Warwickshire – the largest ammunition depot in western Europe and home to the Defence Explosive Ordnance Disposal, Munitions and Search Training Regiment. Speaking to experts there, it became quite clear to him that most bombs do not get safer over long periods of time. 'I've made documentaries about the SS Montgomery, but I've never sailed around it myself,' he says. 'That was a deliberate choice. I find it gives me nightmares.' Perhaps you'd expect a professor of Emergency Planning and Management in UCL's Department of Risk and Disaster Reduction to find the risk here. It's his life's work, after all. But does he find the current situation ever so slightly irresponsible? 'I suppose I do,' he says. 'Several things could happen. The wreck is disintegrating, and that will accelerate over time. That's quite clear from the reports – and as that happens it might disturb or affect the state of the bombs. 'Then there's the possibility of either a navigational error or a technical failure on a ship that then sails into the Montgomery. We've nearly had that – in 2010 a Danish tanker was heading straight for it with a cargo of one of the components of TNT!' 'You've also got to consider terrorism or deliberate interference – during the London Olympics the SS Montgomery was under heavy surveillance.' Which is likely one of the reasons a 'Notam' – or notice to airmen, saying no-one is allowed to fly under 13,100ft across the exclusion zone was implemented in May this year. So not quite a no-fly zone but there's clearly serious enough concern to implement something approaching it. Not quite enough to solve the problem once and for all, though. Four years ago, there was a tender won to remove the masts entirely but the subsequent lack of action on that front, says Professor Alexander, is because in the preparations for the footings necessary to complete the work, 67 'foreign objects' were found on the seabed. 'They were bombs,' he believes. 'Some have clearly fallen out of the Montgomery. Others were probably dumped there by fishermen when they came up in their nets – it's much easier to unload them in the exclusion zone.' So there's been no progress, no plans since. Maybe that's because some of the salvage studies have talked about evacuating Sheerness for a year – it's why Professor Alexander talks of blast walls and robotics being more realistic. 'But it would be expensive.' And that's the real issue here, one senses. As Cordier puts it, 'these are financially straitened times aren't they? Governments aren't going to pay millions to make it safe.' Easier, then, to put their trust in an adequate survey. Nevertheless, Professor Alexander does have some sympathy with this approach. 'It is unlikely it would all go up at once,' he admits. 'There's different types of bomb in there with different mechanisms. We don't really know to what extent they are fused, either. 'So you might have some bombs going off and some big explosions, but not all at once. It is a precarious situation, though.' Just how precarious is a question for the Department for Transport to answer. We invite them to come out on the water with us and show us what work is being done to secure the SS Montgomery. They prefer to tell us there is no indication that the further degradation of the structure has increased the risk associated with the wreck – and that recent reports of shipping entering the restricted zone were inaccurate. But they do anticipate continuing work on the project to reduce the height of the wreck's three masts 'within the next year'. That's the project, not the actual works themselves. A Department for Transport spokesperson said: 'Our priority will always be to ensure the safety of the public and to reduce any risk posed by the SS Richard Montgomery. 'The condition of the wreck remains stable, and experts are continuing to monitor the site. As part of their ongoing monitoring, they have updated advice on how authorities can further minimise risk and recommended that pilots and operators do not fly in a limited area around and above the site as specified by the Civil Aviation Authority.' All of which would seem to suggest Captain Bain will be sailing passengers around the SS Richard Montgomery for some time yet. 'I haven't seen decay,' he says. 'It managed to last all winter and the chances are, if anything is going to happen, it will happen in a gale force wind, in bad weather.' But, after passing them hundreds of times since Jetstream Tours started a decade ago, he has noticed that the masts are moving, 'they are rocking backwards and forwards'. And on occasion he has been asked to intervene when other vessels have gone too close. He adds: 'I've seen sailing boats in there, passing between the buoys. People just don't really know. And we sometimes do get tasked by the Port Authority to see if we can get names of a particular vessel. 'We don't like grassing people up, but at the same time it's there for security. Nine out of 10 times they just don't know.' So for now, the SS Montgomery remains something of a mawkish tourist attraction. And unless it does actually blow to smithereens, Professor Alexander can't see that changing any time soon. 'I got all the files about the SS Montgomery from the National Archives,' he says. 'And do you know what that told me more than anything? A typical British government meeting presided over by the Prime Minister will be 20 minutes of telling people about a subject they don't know anything about, 20 minutes of prevaricating, and 20 minutes to decide not to do anything.' And on that bombshell… the next trip to the SS Montgomery leaves on Tuesday.
Daily Mirror
15-06-2025
- General
- Daily Mirror
UK seaside town close to shipwreck that's feared to blow up at any second
Fresh concerns the UK's 'doomsday ship' could blow up were sparked after a cargo ship was recently spotted sailing perilously close to the exclusion zone An unassuming seaside town with pastel beach huts and pebble shores is bizarrely home to its very own ticking time bomb. Situated on the northwest corner of the Isle of Sheppey in north Kent, Sheerness looks like any other coastal resort at first glance. With sweeping views of the Thames Estuary, rows of flashing arcades, a slew of fish and chip shops, and a popular promenade that runs along a shingle beach - it ticks all of the quintessential seaside must-haves. Dating back to the Bronze Age, Sheerness' history is what really sets it apart from the rest. It owes much of its origins as a Royal Naval dockyard town, after Henry VIII required the River Medway as an anchorage for his army, and ordered that the mouth of the river be protected by a small fort. Samuel Pepys established the Royal Navy Dockyard in the 17th century, where warships were stocked and repaired until its closure in 1960. But, in 1944, just a year before the Second World War came to an end, a US Liberty Ship named SS Richard Montgomery, was loaded with around 7,000 tons of munitions and joined over convoys bound for the UK and then on to Cherbourg in France. After arriving in the Thames Estuary, the vessel was directed to anchor in the Great Nore just off Sheerness to wait for instructions to cross the Channel. However, on August 20, it all went wrong. "The vessel grounded amidships on the crest of the sandbank. Intensive efforts began to unload her cargo," GOV UK explains. "Unfortunately, by the next day, a crack appeared in the hull and the forward end began to flood. The salvage effort continued until September 25, by which time approximately half of the cargo had been successfully removed. The salvage effort had to be abandoned when the vessel finally flooded completely." Now, the wreck of the SS Richard Montgomery remains on the sandbank, her masts clearly visible above the water. There are still approximately 1,400 tons of explosives contained within the forward holds - sparking fears it could explode at any time. The government has reassured the public that the risk of a 'major' detonation is 'believed to be remote' - but that monitoring the condition of the wreck is essential. "Surveys are carried out by the MCA on a regular basis to ensure that any changes to the wreck, or its immediate environment, are discovered quickly," the Maritime and Coastguard Agency states. "It is clear from the results of these surveys that the hull is subject to the prevailing environmental conditions and is showing evidence of gradual deterioration. However, the wreck is considered to be in a stable condition." The wreck is under 24-hour radar surveillance and is designated under the Protection of Wrecks Act 1973. An exclusion zone is clearly marked around it, but recent fears emerged after a cargo ship was pictured sailing perilously close to the ticking time bomb. Eastchurch resident James Dewey, who spotted a WEC Lines container ship edging closer to the exclusion zone - marked by buoys, told reports: "It was worrying when I was sitting there looking at doomsday." Officials confirmed the ship did not breach the exclusion zone, but the event still re-sparked interest in the ship's potential to wreak havoc. As previously reported, a 1970 report from the Royal Military College of Science predicted a huge tsunami more than 3,000 metres high would be caused if its payload was to detonate. Nearby Sheerness would also be engulfed in the carnage.
Metro
11-06-2025
- General
- Metro
Bomb-filled 'doomsday wreck' comes closer to collapse with no-fly zone in place
The masts of the wreck reach ominously above the water (Picture: Pen News) A shipwreck in the Thames full of World War II explosives is coming closer to collapsing, a new report reveals. The SS Richard Montgomery – nicknamed the 'doomsday wreck' – sank in the Thames Estuary near Sheerness in Kent and Southend-on-Sea in Essex in 1944. The ship's masts are still visible above the waterline despite plans to remove them to avoid triggering an explosion of the 1,400tonnes of explosives on board. It's feared an explosion could trigger a tsunami in the Thames, hurling a '1,000ft wide column of water, mud, metal and munitions almost 10,000ft into the air – risking wildlife and the lives of many people'. Waves up to 16ft high could engulf coastal Essex and the Isle of Sheppey. Sign up for all of the latest stories Start your day informed with Metro's News Updates newsletter or get Breaking News alerts the moment it happens. And an ominous new report suggests that potential outcome is drawing closer, with several changes detected in the year since the wreck was last surveyed a year ago. The SS Richard Montgomery before it sank in 1944 (Picture: Pen News) A no-fly zone has been put in place above the wreck by the Department for Transport (DfT), which bans civilian and non-emergency aviation from flying overhead – but the department insists the wreck is still 'stable'. The survey warns the front half of the ship – which broke in two when it sank – is slowly tipping over, moving about 19in (50cm) eastward in two years. More decay was observed in the second cargo hold, where the upper port side has cracked, and the lower starboard side has become 'significantly buckled'. This has caused part of the deck above to start collapsing into the hold, with the hatch supports in this area dropping by up to 6in (17cm) in a year. The report suggests the front part of the wreck is 'splitting in two', with the back section also in trouble. The ship sank in the Thames Estuary (Picture: Metro Graphics) It explains: 'Like the forward section, the rear section is hogging and potentially breaking in two about halfway along its length. 'This area was left unsupported when the ship broke in two back in 1944. 'Consequently, it has been badly affected by wave and current action and is steadily collapsing and falling into the gap between the two halves of the vessel. 'The degree to which the bow and stern may be being undercut as the supporting sediment is eroded away is a potential concern.' Daniel Cowan is leader of Southend council, which is just five miles north of the wreck and therefore at risk if the doomsday wreck explodes. He said: 'According to the experts, the wreck of the Montgomery remains stable, so I understand that the no-fly zone that's been put in is a precautionary measure. 'But we are seeking further clarity around the long-term plans for the wreck. 'What we'd like more than anything is clarity, to understand what the long-term plans are.' New scans suggest the front part of the wreck is splitting in two (Picture: MCA via Pen News) The DfT said the no-fly zone had been put in place on expert advice, and will remain until further notice. A spokesperson said: 'Our priority will always be to ensure the safety of the public and to reduce any risk posed by the SS Richard Montgomery. 'The condition of the wreck remains stable, and experts are continuing to monitor the site. 'As part of their ongoing monitoring, they have updated advice on how authorities can further minimise risk. 'They have recommended that pilots and operators do not fly in a limited area around and above the site as specified by the Civil Aviation Authority.' Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at webnews@ For more stories like this, check our news page. Arrow MORE: In pictures: How the D-Day landings unfolded on June 6, 1944 Arrow MORE: Two men charged with murder after boy, four, killed in pick-up truck crash in Dartford Arrow MORE: Second World War bombs discovery in Cologne forces 20,000 people to evacuate their homes
Daily Mail
10-06-2025
- General
- Daily Mail
Urgent warning over 'Doomsday wreck' at the bottom of the Thames: Bomb-filled SS Richard Montgomery is edging close to COLLAPSE – as officials frantically impose a no-fly zone over the site
A bomb-filled 'doomsday wreck' which threatens to unleash a tsunami in the Thames is edging closer to collapse, an ominous new survey of the ship reveals. The SS Richard Montgomery sank in the Thames Estuary near Sheerness, Kent, in August 1944, taking 1,400 tons of WW2 explosives to the bottom. Her masts still loom above the water line and there are plans to remove them, lest they collapse on to the wreck and trigger an explosion. But a new survey of the ship has revealed the hull itself is deteriorating, with several alarming changes detected in the year since the last survey. Now a no-fly zone has been imposed at the wreck site by the Department for Transport, banning civilian and non-emergency aviation from the skies overhead. One problem flagged up by the survey is that the front half of the ship – which broke in two as it sank – is slowly tipping over, tilting half a metre further eastward in two years. More decay was observed in the second cargo hold, where the upper port side has cracked, and the lower starboard side has become 'significantly buckled'. This has caused part of the deck above to start collapsing into the hold, with the hatch supports in this area dropping by up to 17cm in a year. All told, it looks like 'the forward part of the wreck is splitting in two,' the new report states. The back end of the wreck is in similar trouble. The survey says: 'Like the forward section, the rear section is hogging and potentially breaking in two about halfway along its length.' Further deterioration was detected where the front and back of the wreck split apart. 'This area was left unsupported when the ship broke in two back in 1944,' the report says. 'Consequently, it has been badly affected by wave and current action and is steadily collapsing and falling into the gap between the two halves of the vessel.' If the seabed is anything to go by, the worst is yet to come. The report warns: 'The degree to which the bow and stern may be being undercut as the supporting sediment is eroded away is a potential concern.' One area of seabed close to the wreck was found to have dipped by 1.6m in a year. The front of the ship has now been 'undercut to the degree where it has started to move', according to the findings. A 1970 report from the Royal Military College of Science predicted what would happen if the whole explosive cache detonated at once. It would unleash a column of water and debris 3,000 metres high, and a five-metre tsunami, engulfing nearby Sheerness, the report said. Also in the firing line is Southend, which lies some five miles north of the wreck site. Daniel Cowan, leader of Southend Council, is looking for answers. He said: 'According to the experts, the wreck of the Montgomery remains stable. 'So I understand that the no-fly zone that's been put in is a precautionary measure. 'But we are seeking further clarity around the long term plans for the wreck. 'What we'd like more than anything is clarity, to understand what the long-term plans are.' The Department for Transport, the ministry responsible for the wreck, said the no-fly zone had been implemented on expert advice and would remain in place until further notice. A spokesperson said: 'Our priority will always be to ensure the safety of the public and to reduce any risk posed by the SS Richard Montgomery. 'The condition of the wreck remains stable, and experts are continuing to monitor the site. 'As part of their ongoing monitoring, they have updated advice on how authorities can further minimise risk. 'They have recommended that pilots and operators do not fly in a limited area around and above the site as specified by the Civil Aviation Authority.' The SS Richard Montgomery, which lies at a depth of 49ft, was an American vessel carrying munitions for the allies in the Second World War. She ran aground on a sandbank and broke her back on it when the tide went out, sinking before all of her cargo could be recovered. What is the SS Montgomery and why is it dangerous? The SS Richard Montgomery was a US Liberty Ship built in 1943 to transport cargo across the Atlantic The 7,200-tonne vessel safely crossed the Atlantic on convoy HX-301 without incident and was ordered to anchor off Sheerness. The vessel was carrying some 7,000 tonnes of munitions and it was due to carry on to Cherbourg to unload its cargo. However, on August 20, 1944, the Montgomery dragged her anchor and ran aground on a sandbank around 250 yards from the Medway Approach Channel. A major salvage operation was launched to unload the vessel's deadly cargo although, within 24 hours cracks began appearing across the hull and the forward areas began flooding. By September 25, the salvage operation had to be abandoned after the entire vessel flooded. The Richard Montgomery was one of 2,700 Liberty ships built during the war.
