Latest news with #SanAndreas'
Los Angeles Times
24-06-2025
- Science
- Los Angeles Times
7 California faults that could produce among the most devastating earthquakes
In earthquake country, the meandering paths of quake faults easily get seared into memory in the same way as a California freeway map. An earthquake fault is a fracture in the ground between two blocks of rock. They allow blocks of rock to move relative to each other, according to the U.S. Geological Survey, and when they move fast, that produces an earthquake. In California, the main tectonic forces driving earthquakes are the Pacific plate moving northwest relative to the North American plate. Everyone knows about the San Andreas, the massive fault that was responsible for both the great 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the 1989 Loma Prieta quake. A quake from the San Andreas fault also could devastate Southern California — it last happened in 1857. Several disaster movies have tried to depict what would happen, including the 1978 'Superman' movie and the 2015 thriller 'San Andreas' (with plenty of Hollywood fantasy). Over the last few decades, researchers have learned to better understand how faults work and to better predict the level of damage a major quake could produce. Their goal, scientists say, is to better prepare. Half a century ago, California lawmakers passed rules designed to prevent building right on top of active faults that reach the Earth's surface. Fractures in the ground can be mysterious. The 1994 Northridge quake occurred on an unknown blind thrust fault that never extended to the surface and hadn't been mapped. The 2014 Napa earthquake also ruptured a fault that hadn't been mapped. But there are other major known faults capable of producing disastrous temblors that get little attention. Location: More than 800 miles long, stretching from near the Mexican border in Imperial County, and continuing through the counties of Riverside, San Bernardino, Los Angeles, Kern, San Luis Obispo, Monterey, San Benito, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, Marin, Sonoma, Mendocino and Humboldt. Among the cities and communities that the San Andreas travels through are Coachella, Indio, Cathedral City, Palm Springs, Desert Hot Springs, Banning, Yucaipa, Highland, San Bernardino, Wrightwood, Palmdale, Gorman, Frazier Park, San Juan Bautista, Palo Alto, Portola Valley, Woodside, San Bruno, South San Francisco, Pacifica, Daly City and Bodega Bay. Impact: A magnitude 7.8 earthquake on 300 miles of the southern San Andreas fault — from the Salton Sea (which is southeast of Palm Springs) to Lake Hughes (just west of Lancaster) — could result in 1,800 deaths, among the worst for a natural disaster in U.S. history. It could cause $213 billion in economic losses. Earthquakes along the San Andreas in 1857 (Southern California) and 1906 (Northern California) probably were each an estimated magnitude 7.9. Location: The Newport-Inglewood fault runs from the border of Beverly Hills and Los Angeles, through Long Beach to the Orange County coast. This fault caused the 1933 Long Beach quake, a magnitude 6.4. Severe shaking, as defined by the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale, was felt in places such as Long Beach, Lakewood, Paramount, Bellflower, Hawaiian Gardens, Los Alamitos, Seal Beach and Huntington Beach. It continues as the Rose Canyon fault just offshore of the San Diego County coast, and comes ashore directly underneath La Jolla and heads into downtown San Diego. Impact: The 1933 earthquake was Southern California's deadliest in the modern record, leaving nearly 120 dead and causing $40 million in property damage. In the past, this fault has started earthquakes so violent they caused a section of Seal Beach to fall 1.5 to 3 feet in a matter of seconds. Evidence suggests that earthquakes as large as magnitudes 6.8 to 7.5 have struck the Newport-Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault system. If a magnitude 7.5 earthquake were to rupture on the Newport-Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault system, such a temblor would bring massive damage throughout Southern California — producing 45 times more energy than the 1933 earthquake. A plausible magnitude 6.9 earthquake along the Rose Canyon fault through the heart of San Diego would threaten the civic and financial center of California's second largest city and the nation's fourth-biggest naval base. Location: The length of the East Bay from the San Pablo Bay through Richmond, San Pablo, El Cerrito, Kensington, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Ashland, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, Milpitas and San José. Impact: A report by the U.S. Geological Survey estimates that at least 800 people could be killed and 18,000 more injured in a hypothetical magnitude 7 earthquake that ruptures 52 miles of the Hayward fault between Fremont and San Pablo Bay. As many as 2,500 people could need to be rescued from collapsed buildings, and 22,000 people could be trapped in elevators. Location: The fault runs roughly along or near segments of Sunset Boulevard through Beverly Hills and West Hollywood, parts of Hollywood Boulevard, Hillside Avenue, Franklin Avenue and Yucca Street through Hollywood and continues through Los Feliz as it crosses Interstate 5 en route to the Raymond fault, which starts in Atwater Village. Impact: This fault is considered dangerous because it runs through many populated areas with older mid-rise and high-rise buildings. It can produce an earthquake as large as a magnitude 7. Location: The Raymond fault runs from Atwater Village, Glassell Park and Highland Park — at times along York Boulevard and Meridian Street — and then through South Pasadena, Pasadena, San Marino, East Pasadena, Arcadia and Monrovia. The fault crosses multiple freeways, including Interstates 5 and 210, as well as state Routes 2 and 110. Impact: It can cause an earthquake as large as magnitude 7. It could produce catastrophic damage locally. Location: The Santa Monica fault runs below Rodeo Drive and the Beverly Hills shopping district, cutting through the so-called Golden Triangle and running between Santa Monica and Wilshire boulevards, according to a state map published in 2018. The fault roughly follows the path of Santa Monica Boulevard starting around the Westfield Century City mall to the grounds of the Mormon Temple in Westwood, then heads southwest through the Sawtelle neighborhood. As it continues, there are numerous splays of the fault in the city of Santa Monica, before it moves through Pacific Palisades and into the Pacific Ocean, just off the coast of Malibu. Impact: An earthquake as large as a magnitude 7 is possible. There are many older buildings underneath the Santa Monica fault, and buildings that sit astride it are at risk of complete collapse. It is also possible that the Santa Monica, Hollywood and Raymond faults could rupture in the same earthquake event. Location: The Puente Hills thrust fault system never reaches the Earth's surface, and sits underground at an angle — shallowest about a mile south of USC, where it's two miles under the surface, and deepest along the 210 Freeway corridor, where it's about 10 miles deep. The broad, roughly rectangular area directly on top of the fault system includes downtown Los Angeles, Pico-Union, Westlake, Echo Park, Silver Lake, Historic South-Central as well as Northeast L.A., the Eastside, Glendale, City of Commerce, Pico Rivera, Downey, Norwalk, Santa Fe Springs and La Mirada. The fault system also underlies a wide swath of the San Gabriel Valley, including Pasadena, South Pasadena, Alhambra, Monterey Park, Rosemead, San Gabriel, San Marino, Temple City, El Monte, West Covina, Hacienda Heights, Rowland Heights, La Habra Heights, La Puente, City of Industry and Walnut. The fault system also underlies part of Orange County, including La Habra and Brea. Impact: A magnitude 7.5 quake in the Puente Hills thrust fault system could kill 3,000 to 18,000 people, according to the U.S. Geological Survey and Southern California Earthquake Center. The economic loss could be up to $252 billion, which could be the costliest disaster in U.S. history.
Time of India
06-06-2025
- Entertainment
- Time of India
5 GTA San Andreas features that deserve a comeback in GTA 6
(Image via Rockstar) If Rockstar's aiming to build the ultimate GTA experience with GTA 6, they better look back before leaping forward. Because GTA San Andreas may be two decades old, but it was way ahead of its time. From deep character customization to over-the-top freedom, it had features that made you feel like you were living CJ's life, not just playing it. Here are 5 iconic San Andreas mechanics we hope to see return in GTA 6. 1. Gym, Fat Meter & Custom Physique CJ's body literally changed based on how you played. Hit the gym regularly? He bulked up. Ate too many burgers? He got fat. This level of character transformation made San Andreas feel alive . Lucia and Jason in GTA 6 could seriously benefit from this with stamina upgrades, stealth boosts, or even visible injuries that change how NPCs react. Total immersion unlocked. GTA 6 GANGS AND FACTIONS! Everything We Know SO FAR! 2. Territory Wars and Gang Control One of San Andreas' most addictive systems was taking over enemy gang territories. It wasn't just a side activity; it reshaped your map. Watching Grove Street green sweep across Los Santos was pure satisfaction. GTA 6's Leonida map is huge , so why not give players more influence over it? Factions, turf wars, and district control could add endless replay value. 3. Car Customization at a Mad Level San Andreas let you do more than slap a spoiler on your car. You could change rims, nitro boosts, exhausts, and hydraulics, especially in lowriders. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like India: Jewelry On Sale For Half Price (See Price List) Luxury Jewelry | search ads Undo GTA 5 simplified this a bit, but GTA 6 should bring back full customization. Let us go wild with our cars again. Neon lights, bouncing suspension, and full audio setups? Yes, please. 4. Insane Side Missions (Pimping, Burglary, Freight Trains) San Andreas let you be a pimp, valet driver, firefighter, and even a train conductor. And it wasn't pointless—you earned money, respect, or stat boosts. These side gigs made the world feel bigger and gave players real reasons to explore. GTA 6 is primed for this kind of depth. Even Lucia running a small business or Jason moonlighting as a bouncer could add so much flavor. GTA 6 ROMANCE OPTIONS! Everything We Know SO FAR! 5. Dating & Girlfriend Mechanics San Andreas made relationships feel real (and a little chaotic). You could date multiple girlfriends, take them to restaurants or clubs, and even unlock rewards based on how well you treated them. Some would let you keep their car or give you perks like free resurrections. GTA 6; with its dual protagonists and deeper story, could make romantic subplots feel more impactful, dynamic, and maybe even tied to missions or side arcs. GTA 6 is clearly going for realism and cinematic storytelling, but let's not forget what made us fall in love with GTA in the first place. San Andreas gave us control, chaos, and creativity. If Rockstar can blend that classic freedom with modern polish, GTA 6 won't just break records; it'll redefine open-world gaming all over again.
