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First Post
02-07-2025
- Business
- First Post
Are ground robots becoming the new soldiers of war?
Ukraine and Russia are increasingly deploying ground robots for resupply, combat and casualty evacuation. With AI-driven systems like Murakha, THeMIS and Volchanin in action, these robotic platforms are transforming modern warfare. As both countries innovate on the battlefield, are ground robots becoming the frontline fighters of the future? read more The Gereon RCS Robot, an unmanned ground vehicle for the defence sector, from ARX Robotic, in action in Oberding near Munich, Germany, March 27, 2025. File Image/Reuters Both Moscow and Kyiv are putting their focus on unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) — robots designed to support logistics, firepower and casualty evacuation. These systems, once peripheral to military strategy, are now playing a growing role in direct battlefield engagement, as seen in Russia's war in Ukraine. How Ukraine is expanding its robotic arsenal Ukraine has steadily increased its investment in robotic warfare since 2024, aiming to reduce soldier exposure by relying on autonomous or remotely operated ground vehicles. One of the key additions to its defense inventory is the Murakha, a tracked robotic platform designed for front-line operations, particularly under artillery fire or in heavily mined environments. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD The Murakha, developed for utility in difficult battlefield conditions, stands out due to its size and capacity. It can transport loads exceeding 500 kilogrammes over considerable distances, crossing challenging landscapes and even shallow water. Ukraine's Defence Ministry has stated that its control systems allow it to remain functional in areas affected by Russian electronic warfare measures. In April, another vehicle — the D-21-12R — was unveiled. This UGV comes equipped with a machine gun and joins a growing family of military robots intended to undertake a range of critical operations, including direct assault, defensive action, rescue missions, demining and logistical support. Recently, Ukraine also approved the Targan robotic logistics system, created by domestic engineers under the Brave1 initiative. The Targan, approved for field use in late 2024, is electrically powered and fitted with large rubber wheels, capable of carrying up to 200 kilogrammes of material across rugged terrain. It comes in multiple variants, with its standard version offering a range of 20 kilometers. Other Ukrainian systems, such as the Sirko-S1 and Volia-E, which entered service in mid-2024, have payload capacities of 150–200 kilogrammes and are also used to evacuate injured personnel. Additionally, Ukraine has received foreign-supplied ground robots like the German Gereon RCS, Estonian THeMIS and Czech Trail-Blazer, expanding the technological diversity of its robotic fleet. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD How ground robots are being used on the frontline Ukrainian forces have proven adept at reimagining the use of both imported and locally made equipment. Kuldar Väärsi, founder and CEO of Milrem Robotics, a company based in Estonia, noted that Ukrainian troops are finding creative ways to utilize their ground robots more effectively. 'Ukrainian troops are really creative, and they really find very simple ways how to get even more out of the equipment,' he told Business Insider. Milrem's flagship UGV, the THeMIS, can be customised with various payloads including weapons and demining gear. It can transport nearly 1,200 kilogrammes and travel up to 19 kilometers per hour. Väärsi explained that the motivation is straightforward: 'If you give a tool to a soldier, then he will use it as it seems most appropriate… It is literally a question of life and death.' The Da Vinci Wolves Battalion in Ukraine uses these systems for high-risk operations such as laying mines, collecting fallen soldiers, and carrying explosives close to Russian targets. Oleksandr Yabchanka, who leads the battalion's robotic systems, likens their flexibility to childhood construction toys: 'The ground robotised systems are Lego sets… We all remember Lego. We were growing up together with those kits.' His unit adapts a single robot design for multiple purposes due to limited availability of specialized models, reported Business Insider. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD This approach aligns with broader Ukrainian innovation during the war, which has seen Soviet and Western hardware reconfigured for entirely new purposes — such as mounting outdated weapons on trucks, repurposing cruise missiles and integrating commercial drone parts into military platforms. How Russia is deploying robots Russia, too, has responded to Ukraine's technological adaptation by increasing its own use of ground-based robots. Facing similar challenges on a 600-mile front — particularly vulnerable supply lines frequently targeted by drones — Russia has introduced platforms like the Volchanin, developed by the Volsk Military Logistics Institute, for resupply and casualty evacuation. Combat engineers of pro-Russian troops operate an Uran-6 mine-clearing robotic system during an operation to demine anti-personnel landmines in a street in the course of Ukraine-Russia conflict in Donetsk, Ukraine, July 31, 2022. File Image/Reuters It has also deployed the Courier, a multifunctional UGV with a large payload capacity designed for both logistics and combat. Russian forces have been observed conducting training sessions with these systems. In one video posted in late 2023, troops are seen using a wheeled robot to transport supplies and wounded soldiers across the battlefield. 🇷🇺Russian forces use homemade transport bot to move supplies around in Avdeevka without coming under fire: — SIMPLICIUS Ѱ (@simpatico771) December 3, 2023 STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD Another post featured a tracked vehicle moving across a combat zone in Donetsk before being destroyed by Ukrainian drone strikes. More recently, Russian media footage from Chasiv Yar displayed larger and faster robots — some equipped with anti-drone cages — suggesting that Russia is improving the size, speed, and resilience of its ground robotic fleet. Despite their technological differences, both countries are united by a strategic need: minimising human casualties while maintaining the flow of supplies and firepower. Robotic resupply offers a cost-effective, safer alternative to manned convoys, especially in contested zones where aerial surveillance and attacks are constant. Why these battle ground robots are crucial now The use of ground robots for logistical operations is not just about saving lives but about operational sustainability. With manpower constraints on both sides, unmanned systems free up soldiers for direct combat duties. Furthermore, losing a robot to enemy action is far less costly than losing a soldier, both strategically and emotionally. These platforms leverage robotics expertise initially developed in aerial drone warfare. Ground-based autonomy is comparatively less complex; UGVs navigate two-dimensional terrain and can follow preprogrammed routes. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD Some models operate using onboard sensors and basic navigation systems without relying on external communications that can be jammed — a critical feature on today's electronic warfare-heavy battlefield. Robots are also being increasingly deployed in urban settings where traditional resupply is logistically difficult. A Ukrainian post from the 93rd Mechanized Brigade shows robots being loaded with supplies near Pokrovsk. Conversely, captured two Ukrainian UGVs moving swiftly through Chasiv Yar, demonstrating their operational reach even in contested areas. As Ukraine and Russia deploy more robotic systems for more missions on the frontlines, the question of whether ground robots could one day replace human soldiers is no longer theoretical. With inputs from agencies
Yahoo
21-06-2025
- Business
- Yahoo
A company on Russia's doorstep that sent its war robots to Ukraine got a crash course in what soldiers need
A European defense firm's ground robots are being used by Ukrainian soldiers. The experiences there have led to key changes in its products, the Milrem Robotics' CEO told BI. He said Europe's militaries should be learning from Ukraine's fight in case Russia attacks. A military robotics company based in a NATO country bordering Russia says battlefield use of its machines in Ukraine provided valuable insight that led it to rethink its technology and how it could better meet wartime demands. Estonia's Milrem Robotics makes autonomous ground robots that can be used to gather intelligence, evacuate wounded troops, dispose of explosive devices, and carry weaponry like machine guns. Its THeMIS model, which can carry a payload of up to 2,645.5 pounds and travel at up to 12 miles per hour, is in Ukraine, clearing mines, carrying cargo, and moving out injured soldiers. Kuldar Väärsi, the founder and CEO of Milrem Robotics, told Business Insider that Western weapons makers and militaries need to be learning from what's happening in Ukraine and that the company's experiences there have led to some changes in its products. Väärsi said that developments in Ukraine are "totally different" from peacetime, when weapons are used in training and exercises. The company has been closely watching for ways to make its robots better, both to help Ukraine and to help Europe if needed. One key area has been the simplicity of use. He said the THeMIS was "already quite simple and very easy system to control," but the needs on the battlefield meant it had to be even simpler. He said that in peacetime, equipment might only be used by experienced troops with training. "In Ukraine, in real war, you can't follow that," Väärsi said. "Basically, anybody who needs that equipment will use it, and the more intuitive and simple you make the user interface and you make the usability, the more certain you can be that actually it'll be properly used and efficiently used and it'll be useful for the troops." The electronic warfare battle in Ukraine, in which both sides are jamming and spoofing everything — drones, comms, GPS, and more— has also sparked big changes in uncrewed systems technology. "What we have learned and changed and implemented in our systems is everything related to EW, communication, and cyber," the Milrem CEO said. Evolutions in countermeasures like electronic warfare have led to developments like fiber-optic drones and AI-enabled drones that are resistant to enemy jamming. "What we can see as a trend in Ukraine is that technologies around communication change basically weekly," Väärsi said, referring to the combat systems that rely heavily on stable signals. The feedback from Ukraine means "we have changed quite significantly our design and our products," he said. Väärsi said the company was "very eager" to provide its systems to Ukraine it is based in Estonia, a country once part of the Soviet Union like Ukraine and a current Russian neighbor worried about the possibility of an attack on its sovereignty. Estonia is among the biggest defense spenders in NATO as a proportion of GDP and one of the countries sounding the alarm the loudest about Russia. "It's our mission to support Ukraine as much as we can, to help them win this war. And even if it's as little as sending our vehicles, then we should certainly do it," Väärsi said. He said it's a good business move, too. "If you look at it from the validation perspective, the equipment which doesn't justify itself in Ukraine, why should that be even necessary?" Milrem was founded in 2013, and Väärsi said that before this war, "quite a lot of people were talking about unmanned ground vehicles in defense," but there were also "lots of doubts around it." This war "has demonstrated that unmanned ground vehicles have a really important place on the battlefield," he said. Many Western governments want their countries' battlefield technology in Ukraine so companies can learn how best to be ready for any potential conflict with Russia — something many European countries warn could happen. It's something many Western defense companies want too. Their products can be battle-tested and updated, proving their worth and increasing sales. Luke Pollard, the UK's armed forces minister, said last month: "If you are a drone company and you do not have your kit on the front line in Ukraine, you might as well give up." Väärsi said that Milrem Robotics has a team that regularly visits Ukraine, meets military units, and works directly with the operators who use the company's equipment. It will also soon have a team based in Ukraine to "be closer to Ukrainian forces and to support them even better," he shared. Many companies work closely with soldiers to aid development. A Ukrainian drone operator previously told BI that he texts and FaceTimes with drone makers about their products to encourage a better iterative design and development process. Ground robots are particularly useful on the battlefield because they can be used to move a lot more weight than the flying drones and often more than humans can, fire from positions that are not safe for soldiers to fight from, and travel closer to Russian positions than any human fighter can safely. Väärsi said he sees the robots' role "as a first line of defense or offense," keeping troops safer. That benefits Ukraine, which doesn't have manpower to spare. "You don't move your troops in front, but you move your unmanned systems," he said. Väärsi noted Ukraine, which has a rapidly growing defense industry, has also developed a "very capable" ground robots industry. It's a technology the West and others as well are looking at more and more. Germany's ARX Robotics opened Europe's largest production facility for ground military robots this year, and companies across the continent are making new models. Milrem is playing a leading role, heading a consortium developing unmanned ground systems that received $56 million in funding from the European Defense Fund. Its robots are capable platforms that Russian researchers actually put a bounty on, encouraging soldiers to try to steal one to advance Russia's work in this space. The company's other products include larger combat vehicles, like HAVOC, which has a payload capacity of 5 tons. It also has an AI-enabled intelligent functions kit, which lets the vehicles move autonomously. It says that its products are part of robotics programs or in service in 19 countries, including the US, UK, and Germany. Ground robots are one of many things Ukraine's international partners are watching closely as they look into what sort of tactics, weaponry, and so on they should adopt. Milrem collaborates with companies that are in Ukraine, and Väärsi encouraged other foreign defense companies to do the same. "What I consider very important is that in Europe we need to learn and very seriously learn what is ongoing in Ukraine: what works, what doesn't work, what mindsets need to be shifted to be better equipped if — hopefully that never happens — but if Russia decides to expand their activities in the warfare." Read the original article on Business Insider
Business Insider
21-06-2025
- Business
- Business Insider
A company on Russia's doorstep that sent its war robots to Ukraine got a crash course in what soldiers need
A European defense firm's ground robots are being used by Ukrainian soldiers. The experiences there have led to key changes in its products, the Milrem Robotics' CEO told BI. He said Europe's militaries should be learning from Ukraine's fight in case Russia attacks. A military robotics company based in a NATO country bordering Russia says battlefield use of its machines in Ukraine provided valuable insight that led it to rethink its technology and how it could better meet wartime demands. Estonia 's Milrem Robotics makes autonomous ground robots that can be used to gather intelligence, evacuate wounded troops, dispose of explosive devices, and carry weaponry like machine guns. Its THeMIS model, which can carry a payload of up to 2,645.5 pounds and travel at up to 12 miles per hour, is in Ukraine, clearing mines, carrying cargo, and moving out injured soldiers. Kuldar Väärsi, the founder and CEO of Milrem Robotics, told Business Insider that Western weapons makers and militaries need to be learning from what's happening in Ukraine and that the company's experiences there have led to some changes in its products. Väärsi said that developments in Ukraine are "totally different" from peacetime, when weapons are used in training and exercises. The company has been closely watching for ways to make its robots better, both to help Ukraine and to help Europe if needed. One key area has been the simplicity of use. He said the THeMIS was "already quite simple and very easy system to control," but the needs on the battlefield meant it had to be even simpler. He said that in peacetime, equipment might only be used by experienced troops with training. "In Ukraine, in real war, you can't follow that," Väärsi said. "Basically, anybody who needs that equipment will use it, and the more intuitive and simple you make the user interface and you make the usability, the more certain you can be that actually it'll be properly used and efficiently used and it'll be useful for the troops." The electronic warfare battle in Ukraine, in which both sides are jamming and spoofing everything — drones, comms, GPS, and more— has also sparked big changes in uncrewed systems technology. "What we have learned and changed and implemented in our systems is everything related to EW, communication, and cyber," the Milrem CEO said. Evolutions in countermeasures like electronic warfare have led to developments like fiber-optic drones and AI-enabled drones that are resistant to enemy jamming. "What we can see as a trend in Ukraine is that technologies around communication change basically weekly," Väärsi said, referring to the combat systems that rely heavily on stable signals. The feedback from Ukraine means "we have changed quite significantly our design and our products," he said. Väärsi said the company was "very eager" to provide its systems to Ukraine it is based in Estonia, a country once part of the Soviet Union like Ukraine and a current Russian neighbor worried about the possibility of an attack on its sovereignty. Estonia is among the biggest defense spenders in NATO as a proportion of GDP and one of the countries sounding the alarm the loudest about Russia. "It's our mission to support Ukraine as much as we can, to help them win this war. And even if it's as little as sending our vehicles, then we should certainly do it," Väärsi said. He said it's a good business move, too. "If you look at it from the validation perspective, the equipment which doesn't justify itself in Ukraine, why should that be even necessary?" Milrem was founded in 2013, and Väärsi said that before this war, "quite a lot of people were talking about unmanned ground vehicles in defense," but there were also "lots of doubts around it." This war "has demonstrated that unmanned ground vehicles have a really important place on the battlefield," he said. Learning from Ukraine Many Western governments want their countries' battlefield technology in Ukraine so companies can learn how best to be ready for any potential conflict with Russia — something many European countries warn could happen. It's something many Western defense companies want too. Their products can be battle-tested and updated, proving their worth and increasing sales. Luke Pollard, the UK's armed forces minister, said last month:"If you are a drone company and you do not have your kit on the front line in Ukraine, you might as well give up." Väärsi said that Milrem Robotics has a team that regularly visits Ukraine, meets military units, and works directly with the operators who use the company's equipment. It will also soon have a team based in Ukraine to "be closer to Ukrainian forces and to support them even better," he shared. Many companies work closely with soldiers to aid development. A Ukrainian drone operator previously told BI that he texts and FaceTimes with drone makers about their products to encourage a better iterative design and development process. Robots of the future Ground robots are particularly useful on the battlefield because they can be used to move a lot more weight than the flying drones and often more than humans can, fire from positions that are not safe for soldiers to fight from, and travel closer to Russian positions than any human fighter can safely. Väärsi said he sees the robots' role "as a first line of defense or offense," keeping troops safer. That benefits Ukraine, which doesn't have manpower to spare. "You don't move your troops in front, but you move your unmanned systems," he said. Väärsi noted Ukraine, which has a rapidly growing defense industry, has also developed a "very capable" ground robots industry. It's a technology the West and others as well are looking at more and more. Germany's ARX Robotics opened Europe's largest production facility for ground military robots this year, and companies across the continent are making new models. Milrem is playing a leading role, heading a consortium developing unmanned ground systems that received $56 million in funding from the European Defense Fund. Its robots are capable platforms that Russian researchers actually put a bounty on, encouraging soldiers to try to steal one to advance Russia's work in this space. The company's other products include larger combat vehicles, like HAVOC, which has a payload capacity of 5 tons. It also has an AI-enabled intelligent functions kit, which lets the vehicles move autonomously. It says that its products are part of robotics programs or in service in 19 countries, including the US, UK, and Germany. Ground robots are one of many things Ukraine's international partners are watching closely as they look into what sort of tactics, weaponry, and so on they should adopt. Milrem collaborates with companies that are in Ukraine, and Väärsi encouraged other foreign defense companies to do the same. "What I consider very important is that in Europe we need to learn and very seriously learn what is ongoing in Ukraine: what works, what doesn't work, what mindsets need to be shifted to be better equipped if — hopefully that never happens — but if Russia decides to expand their activities in the warfare."
The Print
29-05-2025
- Business
- The Print
Estonia courting India with eye on strategic tech ties, from robotics to cybersecurity & AI
The Baltic European nation of 1.3 million people, which is set to increase its defence investment to 5.4 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) by 2026, is moving forward in areas such as unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) and other tools, which could potentially be of interest to the Indian military. Estonian officials—from defence to foreign affairs ministries—are focusing on building ties with India, drawing on their over 18 years of experience in countering Russian cyber attacks as a model for their engagement with New Delhi. Tallinn: Estonia is looking to strengthen cooperation with India in a range of strategic technologies, from unmanned vehicles for the Indian armed forces to cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Kaimo Kuusk, Estonia's Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Defence, said cooperating with India is essential due to the 'shared values' between New Delhi and Tallinn such as India's adherence to international law and its democratic traditions. 'We need to cooperate between the countries that share the values. We definitely will not accept any violence. When we are talking about changing the borders, we are not accepting terrorism as a tool. So countries that are clicking all those boxes, yes, we are on the same understanding, should cooperate more together,' Kuusk told ThePrint. Estonia regained its independence with the fall of the USSR in 1991, and has since joined the European Union (EU) and the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO). The country is home to NATO's Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence and has many cybersecurity firms, including CybExer and CR-14, both of which provide cyber ranges for training cybersecurity forces across the world. Also read: Estonia to India—e-voting resulted in efficient elections, faster counting. But how safe is it Unmanned ground vehicles & robotics One area where Estonia has seen considerable growth in recent years is robotics, specifically unmanned ground vehicles. Estonia's Milrem Robotics, a market leader for light unmanned ground vehicles unveiled THeMIS, its advanced multi-role defence platform a few years ago. The platform has since been deployed by the Ukrainian forces on the frontline and has also attracted interest from the Indian military. Around 15 THeMIS unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) are currently deployed in Ukraine, which has been defending its territory from Russia for more than 3 years. They are used for casualty evacuation and logistics on the frontlines of Eastern Ukraine. The platform is currently under trial in around 20 countries. THeMIS, was showcased in India at the Defence Expo 2022 by Bharat Forge Limited (BFL), in partnership with Milrem. 'So, I think they [Indian Army] have seen how they're being used in the battlefields of Ukraine and this has caused them to accelerate their thinking. I think they've always had a longer-term view about adopting unmanned ground vehicles, but that has just been brought forward slightly,' Paul Clayton, the Industrial Partnership Director at Milrem Robotics told ThePrint. 'And I think they're looking at various different sizes and scales of vehicles to be able to link up and be compatible with different elements of the armed forces,' he added. 'We are absolutely clear that if we're going to get into the Indian market, we need a very good Indian partner to be working with. And we would see all of our manufacturing going on in India and that's what we're exploring at the moment, which is exciting.' Milrem is looking at building its vehicles in India with a local partner, given the potential market—the Indian armed forces—is 'very large', Clayton said. The firm is also developing several models, which could be of interest to the Indian military, including larger unmanned ground vehicles, weighing 20 tonnes with speeds up to 100 km per hour. 'That's very suited to your mechanised and motorised forces. We've got an 8×8 vehicle, we've got another one which is tracked, which are both in development at the moment and those would fit in very well with your infantry and armoured formations in the future,' said Clayton. Estonian firms such as 5.0 Robotics are also looking to expand to the Indian market, with their field manufacturing systems that are capable of building or repairing parts needed for military equipment close to the frontlines. The war between Russia and Ukraine has pushed Estonia's technology sector into building dual-use products, but its small size forces its companies to look abroad for markets. '[We have] selected 20 priority markets for exports and FDI…and India, of course, is one of them. In each of these 20 countries, we select focus sectors,' Priit Kallakas, Director General of Economic Diplomacy at Estonia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, told an Indian media delegation last week. 'In the Indian case, the focus sectors are everything related to ICT. Then there is defence, and also energy and food,' he added. Cyber security Estonia is famous for its e-governance systems, as a result of which cybersecurity has become an integral part of its national security strategy. Around 99 percent of all Estonian government services are available digitally, which has resulted in Tallinn and private companies in Estonia focusing on building adequate security infrastructure. In April 2007, the Baltic state faced repeated denial-of-service incidents, shutting down its government websites, following its decision to move a Soviet-era war memorial from the centre of Tallinn. The attacks, which officials have said likely emanated from Moscow, were the first instance of a nation's cyber systems coming under attack by foreign actors. In recent years, cyber attacks have become common across the globe, with reports of Indian government websites coming under attack during Operation Sindoor earlier this month. Estonia has, for the past 18 years, been building its capacity to mitigate cyber attacks. In 2023, India's National Security Council and Rashtriya Raksha University (RRU) partnered with the private Estonian company CybExer to build a 'cyber range'. The range was used for five days to simulate consistent attacks against India's cyber infrastructure, and over 1,500 teams participated in the exercise. 'So I would also now, maybe on the bilateral [ties] between Estonia and India, mention a few things. We had a very good historic meeting between our President Karis and Prime Minister Modi that was during this AI Summit in Paris [in February], so very relatable to the topics we just spoke about. And of course, the e-governance, cyber and digital security issues were also talked about in the agenda,' Minna-Liina Lind, the Vice-Minister for Global Affairs in Estonia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, told the Indian media last week. The Vice-Minister added: 'And we have already established quite a good bilateral contact on this. I know that my colleague, our Cyber Ambassador [Tanel Sepp], is also often in touch, and also we have these consultations happening both here and in India. And we have three new agreements in the defense industry, since only in the past year, which have been concluded.' (Edited by Sugita Katyal) Also Read: 'India should use its growing power to push Russia to end aggression in Ukraine'—Estonian PM
Yahoo
21-05-2025
- Business
- Yahoo
France to purchase and send robotic mine clearance systems to Ukraine
Ukraine will soon receive new robotic equipment for mine clearance, financed by France. The French company CNIM Systèmes Industriels, in cooperation with the Estonian company Milrem Robotics, will deliver six ROCUS uncrewed ground vehicles (UGVs) based on the THeMIS platform to the State Emergency Service of Ukraine. Source: Oboronka, a project of Mezha Media, a technology and IT news platform within Ukrainska Pravda's holding company, citing a press release by Milrem Robotics Quote from Kuldar Väärsi, CEO of Milrem Robotics: "We are proud to continue to support Ukraine through the contract with CNIM Systèmes Industriels. THeMIS UGVs have already proven their versatility and reliability in various operational scenarios in Ukraine and elsewhere." Details: The French ROCUS system integrates a special CNIM demining module on the Estonian THeMIS platform, which is a tracked autonomous ground vehicle. Due to the remote control, operators can clear areas of explosive items without putting themselves at risk. Technologically, the THeMIS platform is equipped with sensors and cameras to detect landmines and other threats, while the demining module allows for their safe neutralisation. The system is capable of operating in difficult conditions, such as rough terrain or rubble, making it indispensable for infrastructure restoration. Stock Photo Ukraine has received 15 THeMIS platforms, including the first seven ROCUS units delivered in 2022. The new vehicles will help ensure safe access to roads and agricultural land and contribute to the recovery of areas affected by the combat actions. Ukraine's State Emergency Service will be the main operator of these systems, using them for humanitarian mine clearance and recovery of territories. Support Ukrainska Pravda on Patreon!
