Latest news with #cancercontrol
Yahoo
09-07-2025
- Health
- Yahoo
‘Snowball effect': 230k Aussie lives saved
More than 230,000 deaths have been prevented by Australian cancer control measures during the past six decades, new research shows. A study published in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health on Wednesday points to anti-smoking campaigns and breast cancer screenings in particular as saving thousands of lives. 'What we're seeing is a snowball effect – we're now seeing the result of investments made in cancer control over the many decades,' lead researcher Brigid Lynch said. Since the mid-60s, more than 230,000 lives have been saved by developments in cancer controls. Sixty-five per cent of the avoided deaths occurred in the final 10 years of the study period (2009 to 2018), showing progress in the fight against cancer has accelerated, the researchers say. The study finds the mortality rate for breast, cervical and stomach cancer has dropped considerably. However, the chance of dying from liver or brain cancer continues to rise. 'These are trends we've seen both in Australia as well as around the world,' Associate Professor Lynch said. 'While we know more women are diagnosed with breast cancer today because of increased screening, thanks to early detection and improved treatment options, that mortality rate is falling. 'Quit campaigns in the 1980s impacted smoking prevalence and led to a drop in lung cancer deaths.' The study involved Cancer Council Victoria, the University of Melbourne, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, and Monash University. Cancer Council Australia scientific adviser Bernard Stewart, who was not involved in the study, said the lives saved over the past decades were a result of prevention, early diagnosis and better treatments. But the research showed nothing more precise for cancer generally, as various cancers 'must be considered separately to reveal specific achievements or lack thereof'. 'Frustratingly, specific progress for one type of cancer is rarely applicable to all tumour types, illustrating what an insidious disease cancer is,' Professor Stewart said. 'Concerning prevention, we know the cause of virtually all cervical and lung cancer cases, some bowel and breast cancer cases, while brain and prostate cancer can't be described this way. 'Early diagnosis comes from screening for cervical (to be displaced by vaccination), breast, bowel and lung cancer, but prostate cancer remains challenging and no screening yet for liver, stomach or ovarian cancer. 'Markedly improved survivability is evident for breast, bowel and other cancers but not for lung, pancreatic and brain cancer.' For this latest study, the researchers took World Health Organisation global health data, and analysed it against age-standardised cancer mortality rates from 1950 to 2018, finding more than 230,000 deaths have been avoided. Professor Lynch hopes the findings help health authorities prioritise cancer funding and campaigns. 'It's vital that society increases investment in cancer prevention and early detection efforts to help save lives,' she said. 'We are anticipating a significant increase of cancer incidence over the coming years due to our ageing and growing population. 'Prevention is the only way we can reduce the health, social and economic burden of cancer and protect our healthcare system.'
ABC News
09-07-2025
- Health
- ABC News
Control measures have prevented 230,000 Australian cancer deaths, study finds
More than 230,000 lives have been saved in Australia due to cancer control measures over the past six decades, new research shows. A study led by the Cancer Council of Victoria found advances in cancer screening and strategies to reduce smoking, in particular, had prevented thousands of deaths. "What we're seeing is a snowball effect — we're now seeing the result of investments made in cancer control over the many decades," lead researcher Associate Professor Brigid Lynch said. Although there has been a significant decline in deaths related to certain types of cancers, not all were following the trend. With cancer rates expected to increase about 50 per cent by 2044, researchers said the study highlighted the need for measures to help keep the disease under control. Cancer remains Australia's leading cause of death, accounting for about 17 per cent of the national disease burden. There were an estimated 169,000 cases of cancer diagnosed in 2024, according to the Australia Institute of Health and Welfare. The rates were rising due to factors such as an ageing and growing population. Although cases were increasing, the individual risk of dying from cancer has dropped sharply. Since the 1980s, the risk has fallen by 11 per cent for women and 20 per cent for men, the study found. The research, published in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, analysed cancer-related death rates from 1950 to 2018. It found that more than 230,000 deaths have been avoided to date, with more than 65 per cent in the final 10 years of the study period (2009 to 2018). Associate Professor Lynch said there was a substantial decrease in the mortality from lung cancer. The rates have been dropping since the 1980s, which she said reflected the success of anti-smoking campaigns. Researchers expect lung cancer mortality to decrease further in coming years with the introduction of a national screening program for people at high risk. Mortality rates for breast and cervical cancer had also dropped "markedly", Associate Professor Lynch said. "We know more women are diagnosed with breast cancer today because of increased screening, thanks to early detection and improved treatment options, that mortality rate is falling," she said. A decline in cervical cancer deaths since the 1960s has been largely attributed to screening and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The greatest number of deaths averted was for stomach cancer. In the 1920s, stomach cancer was the leading cause of cancer death in Australia, and peaked in the mid 1950s. But its mortality rate fell over the course of the 20th century, in part due to increased safe food storage and people eating less salt-preserved food. Overall, the report found a combination of factors was helping to curb deaths, including advances in prevention, screening, and treatments. But societal changes, such as reduced salted food intake, exposure to smoke from indoor fires, and improved access to clean water also played a role. Professor Finlay Macrae, a gastroenterologist at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, said measuring deaths avoided was difficult, so seeing the results was "encouraging". "And underpins the need for public health advocacy to mitigate risk factors and engage in population-based screening and vaccination," he said. The researchers said significant advances in understanding cancers had underpinned evidence-based preventive strategies. But lifestyle factors were still playing a role in some types of cancers that continued to kill a large number of Australians. Liver cancer deaths have more than tripled since the 1980s, mainly due to obesity, alcohol use, and metabolic disease. "We did not observe any downturn in liver cancer mortality through to 2018," researchers said. Although liver cancer remained "highly fatal", advances in treatments had increased the five-year survival rate, they added. About 24 per cent of Australians diagnosed with liver cancer had a five-year chance of survival. Mortality rates for brain cancer were also continuing to rise. While other some cancer sites, such as nervous system cancers, leukaemia and pancreatic cancer, had remained relatively stable. Associate Professor Lynch said Cancer Council Victoria was leading the world's largest study of risk factors into glioma, an aggressive form of brain cancer. "If we can better identify this cancer's risk factors, we can work to reduce mortality and incidence through prevention measures," she said. With Australia's ageing and growing population, a significant increase of cancer diagnoses is expected over the coming years. Associate Professor Lynch said it was crucial to learn from the success of control measures and prevention campaigns. "It's vital that society increases investment in cancer prevention and early detection efforts to help save lives," she said. Professor Adrian Esterman, the chair of bio-statistics at the University of South Australia, said the study highlighted the need for continued investment in cancer prevention, early detection and new treatments. He noted several major recent advancements in Australia, such as a new national cancer screening programs and enhanced reading of mammograms using AI. "These will ensure the downward trend in cancer deaths continues," he said. The study involved the Cancer Council Victoria, The University of Melbourne and Monash University, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute. It did not receive any specific grants from funding agencies.
News.com.au
08-07-2025
- Health
- News.com.au
Research highlights huge gaps in screenings for different types of cancer
More than 230,000 deaths have been prevented by Australian cancer control measures during the past six decades, new research shows. A study published in the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health on Wednesday points to anti-smoking campaigns and breast cancer screenings in particular as saving thousands of lives. 'What we're seeing is a snowball effect – we're now seeing the result of investments made in cancer control over the many decades,' lead researcher Brigid Lynch said. Since the mid-60s, more than 230,000 lives have been saved by developments in cancer controls. Sixty-five per cent of the avoided deaths occurred in the final 10 years of the study period (2009 to 2018), showing progress in the fight against cancer has accelerated, the researchers say. The study finds the mortality rate for breast, cervical and stomach cancer has dropped considerably. However, the chance of dying from liver or brain cancer continues to rise. 'These are trends we've seen both in Australia as well as around the world,' Associate Professor Lynch said. 'While we know more women are diagnosed with breast cancer today because of increased screening, thanks to early detection and improved treatment options, that mortality rate is falling. 'Quit campaigns in the 1980s impacted smoking prevalence and led to a drop in lung cancer deaths.' The study involved Cancer Council Victoria, the University of Melbourne, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, and Monash University. Cancer Council Australia scientific adviser Bernard Stewart, who was not involved in the study, said the lives saved over the past decades were a result of prevention, early diagnosis and better treatments. But the research showed nothing more precise for cancer generally, as various cancers 'must be considered separately to reveal specific achievements or lack thereof'. 'Frustratingly, specific progress for one type of cancer is rarely applicable to all tumour types, illustrating what an insidious disease cancer is,' Professor Stewart said. 'Concerning prevention, we know the cause of virtually all cervical and lung cancer cases, some bowel and breast cancer cases, while brain and prostate cancer can't be described this way. 'Early diagnosis comes from screening for cervical (to be displaced by vaccination), breast, bowel and lung cancer, but prostate cancer remains challenging and no screening yet for liver, stomach or ovarian cancer. 'Markedly improved survivability is evident for breast, bowel and other cancers but not for lung, pancreatic and brain cancer.' For this latest study, the researchers took World Health Organisation global health data, and analysed it against age-standardised cancer mortality rates from 1950 to 2018, finding more than 230,000 deaths have been avoided. Professor Lynch hopes the findings help health authorities prioritise cancer funding and campaigns. 'It's vital that society increases investment in cancer prevention and early detection efforts to help save lives,' she said. 'We are anticipating a significant increase of cancer incidence over the coming years due to our ageing and growing population. 'Prevention is the only way we can reduce the health, social and economic burden of cancer and protect our healthcare system.'
Medscape
30-05-2025
- General
- Medscape
Can Shorter RT Offer Long-Term Benefits in Prostate Cancer?
At a median follow-up of 13.2 years, dose-escalated hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy led to fewer treatment failures in men with localized, intermediate-risk prostate cancer than conventional radiation therapy, although the difference was not statistically significant. However, among patients who did not receive androgen-deprivation therapy, hypofractionated radiotherapy halved the risk for treatment failure. METHODOLOGY: The initial findings from the phase III randomized trial demonstrated superior cancer control with dose-escalated hypofractionated than with conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy in patients with localized prostate cancer, at a median follow-up of 8.5 years. In the latest analysis, the researchers assessed patient outcomes at a median follow-up of 13.2 years to determine whether the benefit offered by hypofractionation was maintained. In the study, 206 patients with localized prostate cancer were randomly assigned to receive either hypofractionated (72 Gy in 2.4-Gy fractions over 6 weeks; n = 104) or conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy (75.6 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions over 8.4 weeks; n = 102). Overall, 71% of patients had intermediate-risk prostate cancer, 48% had Gleason grade group 2 prostate cancer, 90% had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of ≤ 10 ng/mL, and 24% received androgen-deprivation therapy. The primary outcome was treatment failure, defined as PSA failure or the initiation of salvage therapy. TAKEAWAY: Fewer patients experienced treatment failure with hypofractionated radiotherapy (n = 13) than with conventional radiotherapy (n = 22), although the difference was no longer statistically significant ( P = .08). All patients in the hypofractionated group had PSA failure, whereas in the conventional group, 20 patients had PSA failure, and salvage therapy was initiated for two patients. = .08). All patients in the hypofractionated group had PSA failure, whereas in the conventional group, 20 patients had PSA failure, and salvage therapy was initiated for two patients. Among patients who did not receive androgen-deprivation therapy, the 10-year failure rate was significantly lower with hypofractionated radiotherapy than with conventional radiotherapy (13% vs 26%; P = .04); this difference was not observed among those who received androgen-deprivation therapy. = .04); this difference was not observed among those who received androgen-deprivation therapy. The 15-year overall survival favored hypofractionated radiotherapy (87% vs 75%) but did not reach statistical significance ( P = .08). The rate of distant metastases was not statistically different between the hypofractionated radiotherapy and conventional groups ( P = .2), and most events occurred beyond 9 years after starting radiotherapy. = .08). The rate of distant metastases was not statistically different between the hypofractionated radiotherapy and conventional groups ( = .2), and most events occurred beyond 9 years after starting radiotherapy. Late grade ≥ 2 genitourinary toxicity at 10 years was not significantly different for the hypofractionated and conventional groups (26% vs 23%; P = .5), as was gastrointestinal toxicity (10% vs 4%; P = .09). IN PRACTICE: 'Long-term outcomes show a reduction in treatment failure associated with dose-escalated, hypofractionated [radiotherapy] in patients with low-risk and intermediate risk prostate cancer not receiving [androgen-deprivation therapy ], with similar late genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicities,' the authors wrote. 'In the years since initial publication, hypofractionated [intensity–modulated radiation therapy] has been adopted as the standard of care due to multiple randomized controlled trials and these long-term results supporting that [hypofractionated intensity–modulated radiation therapy] provides comparable outcomes to [conventionally fractionated intensity–modulated radiation therapy], with the added benefit of convenient treatment time for patients,' they concluded. SOURCE: This study, led by Comron Hassanzadeh, MD, MPH, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, was published online in Journal of Clinical Oncology . LIMITATIONS: This study predominantly included patients with low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, and only some patients received androgen-deprivation therapy, and hence, the findings may not be generalizable to patients with high-risk disease. Additionally, toxicity results were applicable for patients receiving intensity–modulated radiation therapy with daily image guidance, although newer techniques could have further improved tolerability. DISCLOSURES: This study received support in part through a Cancer Center Support grant. Three authors reported being employees of the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Some authors declared receiving research funding or honoraria and having other ties with various sources.
