Latest news with #herbivory
Yahoo
21-07-2025
- Science
- Yahoo
Dinosaur-era flying reptile's fossil reveals first direct evidence of plant diet
A recent fossil discovery is offering new insights into what pterosaurs actually ate, challenging long-held assumptions about these ancient rulers of the skies. In a study published in the peer-reviewed journal Science Bulletin, researchers from China and Brazil revealed the first direct evidence of stomach contents in a pterodactyloid pterosaur. The fossil belongs to a species of pterosaur called sinopterus atavismus, unearthed in northeastern China. According to the study, its stomach contained phytoliths—tiny, rigid mineral structures produced by plants—suggesting it had been feeding on vegetation. Scientists also found small quartz crystals, which the reptile may have ingested to help break down its food, similar to modern birds that swallow stones for digestion. Prehistoric flying reptile had stones and plants in its stomach For millions of years before birds took to the skies, pterosaurs dominated the airspace as the first vertebrates to achieve powered flight. These extinct flying reptiles lived from the Late Triassic period about 240 million years ago until the end of the Cretaceous period around 66 million years ago. While often mistaken for dinosaurs, species such as pterodactyls and pteranodons belonged to their own distinct group. "The first occurrence of phytoliths, associated with gastroliths, in the stomach contents confirms the herbivory of Sinopterus. It is the first time that such structures have been discovered in pterosaurs," the team behind the study stated in the research paper. Researchers from the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) at the Chinese Academy of Sciences informed that among the several questions surrounding these flying reptiles is their dietary habit, which remains poorly understood, the South China Morning Post reported. The team explained that scientists have long debated what pterosaurs ate, with theories ranging from insects, fish, meat and plants, and even the possibility that some species filter-fed like whales—an uncertainty that has persisted because fossilized evidence of their meals is extremely rare. Fossil preserved in shale slab, captured delicate details Although paleontologists have studied pterosaur fossils for decades, only five confirmed cases of stomach contents have been identified in earlier, non-pterodactyloid species and those mostly contained fish remains. The exceptionally rare, nearly complete specimen of sinopterus was unearthed by researchers from IVPP in China's Liaoning province, within a Lower Cretaceous geological formation. This species belongs to the tapejaridae family, a group of toothless pterosaurs. The fossil was preserved in a fine shale slab, a type of compacted mudstone known for capturing even the most delicate details of ancient life. The research team, which included experts from Shenyang Normal University and the National Museum of Brazil, used specialized 3D X-ray imaging to analyze the fossil. Inside the body cavity, the team found a fine, claylike material that looked like undigested plant matter. This material contained tiny rigid structures known as phytoliths, which form inside plant cells and can survive long after the rest of the plant has decayed. According to David Martill, a paleontologist at the University of Portsmouth who was not involved in the research, this extraordinarily rare discovery—the kind that happens once in a century—overturns the long-held belief that these fierce-looking winged reptiles were purely carnivorous. You can view the study here. Solve the daily Crossword
South China Morning Post
20-07-2025
- Science
- South China Morning Post
Dino-era diet debate: Chinese pterosaur fossil rewrites menu of ancient flying reptile
Scientists in China and Brazil have found the first evidence of a plant-eating pterosaur, the ancient flying reptiles that coexisted with dinosaurs The rare find sheds light on the mysterious diets of the creatures that ruled the skies before birds and renews a contentious debate among palaeontologists. 'We report the first evidence of stomach contents of a pterodactyloid pterosaur,' the team said in a paper published in the peer-reviewed journal Science Bulletin on July 1. The fossil of the Sinopterus atavismus – a species of pterosaur – was found in northeastern China. Its stomach was found to contain phytoliths, a rigid, microscopic mineral deposit that forms in some plants, as well as small quartz crystals possibly swallowed to aid digestion, the team said. Quartz is commonly present in gastroliths – or mineralised 'stomach stones' that many living animals, including birds and lizards, keep in their gizzards or stomachs to help grind up tough foods like plants. 'The first occurrence of phytoliths, associated with gastroliths, in the stomach contents confirms the herbivory of Sinopterus. It is the first time that such structures have been discovered in pterosaurs.'
