Latest news with #politicalstalemate
Arab News
05-07-2025
- Business
- Arab News
On the brink: Is Libya headed for partition?
The sobering reality facing Libya far surpasses mere political stalemate; it embodies the active calcification of a partitioned state. Two distinct centers of power now operate with parallel bureaucracies, military structures, and international recognition circuits, each solidifying its control over significant territory and resources. This is no theoretical fragmentation typically subject of erudite observations by scholars, but an operational division measured in concrete terms. One administration commands the capital and its international legitimacy, while the other dominates about 60 percent of the nation's landmass, including the lion's share of proven oil reserves — Libya's primary economic lifeline, responsible for over 90 percent of state revenue. Each entity fields its own armed forces, estimated in the tens of thousands collectively, backed by rival foreign patrons whose military footprints are expanding. The division even extends beyond security; separate legislative bodies pass laws for their respective zones, while reconstruction efforts have devolved into competing, regionally siloed projects. An entrenched reality has settled, where daily governance functions independently on either side of a virtual iron curtain, reflecting a partition actively constructed and resourced, rendering the notion of a unified Libyan state increasingly unlikely. Tripoli's authority, nominally the UN-recognized Government of National Unity, is visibly fraying under the weight of its own internal power struggles and widespread popular rejection. Its attempt to violently purge rival militias in May, triggering intense urban warfare and displacing civilians, culminated in the resignation of influential ministers. Ultimately, Tripoli's 'fausse paix' was shuttered by urban combat spanning 72 hours and 11 districts, including the affluent Dhat El-Imad towers and seafront — zones historically insulated from conflict. The clashes also displaced 2,500 civilians, halted operations at Mitiga International Airport for 48 hours, and stranded foreign nationals. Critically, the resignations of finance and economy ministers, architects of a state budget dependent on $20 billion in annual oil revenue, exposed the government's evaporating fiscal control. The spectacle of rival militias, some state-funded while others operate extortion rackets, engaging in pitched battles across the capital also cast a glaring spotlight on the fragility of Tripoli's control of its affiliated militias. Now, the GNU's sovereignty has become a facade maintained by force, not legitimacy, with its institutions hollowed out via state capture and endemic corruption, with multibillion-dollar state companies becoming battlegrounds for rival kleptocratic networks. Militias now treat state parastatal coffers as mere plunder, with one faction having seized control of Libya's Post, Telecommunications & Information Technology Company, a $3 billion state entity, in a firefight that killed eight civilians and left 58 bodies abandoned in a militia-controlled hospital. On the other hand, parallel security structures are a further mockery of governance: 27 officially funded militias operate in Tripoli alone, yet the state cannot mobilize 500 coherent troops without triggering inter-militia warfare. Worse yet, foreign backers compound the chaos. This duality, where 'state' forces assassinate rivals in extrajudicial executions while citizens burn tires in protest, frames partition as simple arithmetic, as Tripoli's authority dwindles, reaching no further than its allied militias' checkpoints. Each faction now monopolizes force within its domain. Hafed Al-Ghwell On the other side of the divide, Benghazi has meticulously constructed a de facto state apparatus in the east, seemingly achieving some level of internal cohesion and international normalization unimaginable just a few years ago. Exploiting Tripoli's chaos and legitimacy deficits, the rival administration has leveraged relative stability and a unified military command structure under its Libyan Arab Armed Forces to attract wary international partners. The ensuing diplomatic shift is palpable: Over the past year alone, Benghazi hosted delegations from the US military, the Italian Interior Ministry and intelligence chief, Turkish generals, Philippine diplomats, the Vatican ambassador, French NGOs, and British trade missions. It has not escaped notice that a dedicated 'foreign ministry' in the east has since chronicled over 100 diplomatic engagements across 12 months via more than 200 official social media posts, averaging one every four days. Such expanding engagement signals institutional permanence, not temporary rebellion, and since then, military normalization has only accelerated with the participation of the Libyan Arab Armed Forces in the US-led African Lion 2025 joint exercises, while hosting Russian Deputy Defense Minister Yunusbek Yevkurov five times since August 2023. Clearly, dual approaches, where 31 countries now treat eastern institutions as viable partners, proves partition transcends rhetoric. When foreign embassies relocate staff to Benghazi citing 'prosperity and security,' and reconstruction contracts bypass Tripoli's hollowed ministries, the de facto statehood of the east becomes irreversible arithmetic, and idyllic aspirations for Libya's reunification remain just that — ideals. Given the prevailing dynamics, it is possible to draw a fairly unambiguous picture of international actors no longer being mere observers of Libya's debilitating bifurcation. They are now actively enabling and profiting from it. Previous models of exclusive recognition for Tripoli's revolving door interim authorities have ceased to exist. This 'dual-track' engagement, replicated by Rome, Paris (hosting the eastern leader at the Elysee), and even Washington, reveals a cynical international consensus. Stability, narrowly defined as the absence of all-out war and the preservation of self-interested aims (migration 'control,' construction contracts, oil and gas, Sahel access, and transnational networks), is prioritized over the messy pursuit of genuine national unification, democratic legitimacy, or the removal of foreign mercenaries. What remains is an accelerating drift toward a redrawing of Libya's map rather than a temporarily frozen conflict. Each faction now monopolizes force within its domain, while foreign fighters answerable to external powers bolster both sides, further eroding national sovereignty. What constitutional processes and fleeting hopes for elections that still remain are indefinitely postponed — deemed too destabilizing by elites and their international backers who benefit from the current rent-seeking arrangements. However, average Libyans, suffering in a state on the brink of total collapse, see their demands for unity and accountable governance ignored by domestic warlords and foreign powers alike. Their protests, while newsworthy, lack unified leadership or international backing to overcome an entrenched militarized duopoly. Now, the global community's comfort with this enforced status quo, prioritizing manageable instability over risky democratic restoration, is the most powerful engine of partition. Without a fundamental shift from this external calculus of short-termism and economic opportunism toward a concerted, impartial push for inclusive elections, disarmament of militias, and the removal of foreign forces, Libya's map risks being definitively redrawn — not by the will of its people, but by the interests of its fractured elites and their global enablers.
Washington Post
26-06-2025
- Politics
- Washington Post
Kosovo's top court asks lawmakers to end their political stalemate and elect a speaker in 30 days
PRISTINA, Kosovo — Kosovo's Constitutional Court on Thursday asked the country's newly elected lawmakers in Parliament to end three months of political stalemate and elect a new speaker within 30 days. The court's move came at the request of 11 lawmakers, and it was not clear what would happen if lawmakers fail to abide by the court's wishes.
Associated Press
26-06-2025
- Politics
- Associated Press
Kosovo's top court asks lawmakers to end their political stalemate and elect a speaker in 30 days
PRISTINA, Kosovo (AP) — Kosovo's Constitutional Court on Thursday asked the country's newly elected lawmakers in Parliament to end three months of political stalemate and elect a new speaker within 30 days. The court's move came at the request of 11 lawmakers, and it was not clear what would happen if lawmakers fail to abide by the court's wishes. The Parliament has failed to elect a speaker since its first session on April 15 because other parties have been unwilling to work with that of acting Prime Minister Albin Kurti, whose left-wing Self-Determination Movement, or Vetevendosje!, won only 48 out of 120 seats in the Feb. 9 election. That is down from 58 seats in 2021. Kurti's party has failed in 37 rounds of votes to receive the 61 votes needed to elect a new speaker. Without a speaker, Kurti cannot be formally nominated as prime minister and form a Cabinet. If the situation continues, the president can turn to any of the other parties. If no party can form a Cabinet, the country will face another parliamentary election. Kurti and the three main opposition parties have all ruled out working together in a coalition. The center-right Democratic Party of Kosovo, or PDK, won 24 seats, the conservative governing Democratic League of Kosovo, or LDK, 20 seats, and the right-wing Alliance for Kosovo's Future, AAK, eight seats. Ten seats are reserved for Kosovo's ethnic Serb minority and 10 others belong to non-Serb minority members of Parliament. A new Cabinet is needed not only to run the economy and other services, but also proceed with the 14-year-long normalization talks with Serbia, which have stalled. Kosovo holds municipal elections Oct. 12. Around 11,400 people died, mostly from Kosovo's ethnic Albanian majority, in the 1998-1999 war in Kosovo, which was formerly a province of Serbia. A 78-day NATO air campaign ended the fighting and pushed Serbian forces out. Kosovo declared independence from Serbia in 2008, with most Western nations recognizing its sovereignty, but Serbia and its allies Russia and China don't.
Reuters
21-05-2025
- Business
- Reuters
Kosovo's political stalemate could put EU funds at risk, trade body warns
GDANSK, Poland, May 21 (Reuters) - Kosovo's parliament failed to elect a new speaker for the 15th straight time on Wednesday, prompting fears of an economic backlash after months of political stalemate in one of Europe's poorest countries. Lawmakers have been meeting every 48 hours since mid-April to elect a new speaker, a step required before Prime Minister Albin Kurti, a leftist nationalist who failed to win a majority in a February election, can try to form a coalition government. But that is proving difficult without cross-party support: Albulena Haxhiu, Kurti's candidate for speaker, has repeatedly fallen shy of the 61 votes needed. On Wednesday she received 54 votes. The parliament is set to reconvene in two days. No law limits the stalemate, although some analysts have said that President Vjosa Osmani could call snap elections if it continues. However, if parliament keeps failing to elect a speaker, experts say Kosovo, a small Balkan country of 1.6 million people that gained independence from Serbia in 2008, risks delaying or losing sorely needed funding from the European Union and the World Bank that is earmarked for health, education and green energy. "There are projects and loans worth 700-800 million waiting to be voted in the parliament that are hanging because of the crisis," Lulzim Rafuna, president of Kosovo's Chamber of Commerce, told Reuters. "Businesses are in limbo without knowing what reforms, fiscal politics and what taxes they will have from the new government." Following a request for comment, Kosovo's outgoing deputy prime minister Besnik Bislimi said in a statement that no EU funds would be lost, and that a speaker should be approved so that parliament could vote through the funding. The crisis comes after an acrimonious election in which the opposition argued over major issues including Kosovo's tense relations with Serbia - an issue that led the EU to cut funding to Kosovo in 2023. In a Tuesday interview with public broadcaster RTK, Kurti offered no sign that he would change his candidate despite opposition demands to do so. "They (the opposition) don't believe that I have 61 votes to become prime minister and I am telling them test me," Kurti said. He did not say how he expected to win enough votes to form a government when he cannot get enough votes for his candidate for speaker.
