How the US 'war on woke' and women risks weakening its own military capability
US Secretary of Defence, Pete Hegseth, speaks as US President Donald Trump looks on during remarks to the Michigan National Guard at Selfridge Air National Guard Base in Warren, Michigan, on 29 April 2025.
Photo:
Jim Watson / AFP
Analysis
- With US Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth's
"proud" cancellation
this week of the military's Women, Peace and Security (WPS) program, the "war on woke" has found its latest frontier - war itself.
Stemming from a United Nations
Security Council resolution
in 2000, the WPS initiative aimed to increase the participation of women in public institutions, including in the security sector and peace-making roles.
The WPS agenda aims to better understand how women, men, boys and girls experience war, peace and security differently.
It increases operational effectiveness and supports the underlying goal of gender equality, described by the UN as the "
number one predictor of peace
".
In the military context, it emphasises the need to increase the participation of women and to better protect non-combatant women in war, particularly from the prevalence of
conflict-related sexual violence.
The decision to end the program as part of a wider war on diversity, equity and inclusion seems to assume national security and military power are incompatible with the promotion of racial and gender equality.
In other words, it assumes certain types of people aren't really cut out to be "warfighters".
And, it asserts that anything other than basic skill (such as weapons handling) undermines readiness and ability in warfare.
History and the available evidence suggest both ideas are wrong.
The archetypal warrior envisaged by Hegseth and others is one who relies on very traditional concepts of what constitutes a warrior and who that might be: not female, definitely not transgender, and ideally also not gay.
Recent
bans on transgender personnel
in the US military, the removal of mandatory
mental resilience
training, and the "
disappearance
" from US museums and memorials of the records of the military contribution of women and minorities, reinforce these ideas.
The ideal soldier, according to the new doctrine, is straight, white, physically fit, stoic and male. Yet people of all stripes have served their countries ably and with honour.
This morning, I proudly ENDED the 'Women, Peace & Security' (WPS) program inside the
@DeptofDefense
.
WPS is yet another woke divisive/social justice/Biden initiative that overburdens our commanders and troops — distracting from our core task: WAR-FIGHTING.
WPS is a UNITED…
Military service is allocated a privileged kind of status in society, despite (or perhaps because of) the ultimate sacrifice it can entail.
That status has long been the preserve of men, often of a particular class or ethnicity.
But
women
and
minorities
around the world have fought for the right to enter the military, often as part of broader campaigns for greater equality within society in general.
But there remains resistance to these "interlopers".
No matter their individual capabilities, women are painted as
too physically weak,
as a threat to combat
percent7E:text=Integrating percent20women percent20into percent20special percent20operations percent20forces percent20poses percent20potential,readiness percent2C percent20cohesion percent2C percent20and percent20morale percent20essential percent20to percent20high-performing percent20teams unit cohesion,
or a liability because of their particular
health needs.
Women, in particular, are often perceived as being
too emotional
or lacking authority for
military command
.
Minorities
are seen as requiring distracting rules about cultural sensitivity, presenting language challenges, or are stereotyped as not cut out for leadership.
But problem-solving - a key military requirement - is best tackled with a range of views and approaches.
Research from the business world shows
diverse teams
are more successful, including delivering higher financial returns.
At a more granular level, we also know that minority groups have often outperformed other military units, as exemplified by the extraordinary feats of the New Zealand
Māori Pioneer Battalion
in World War I and the
28th Māori Battalion
in World War II.
Women, too, have
proved themselves
many times over, most recently in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
As well as matching the skills of their male counterparts, they also had different, useful approaches to
roles
such as
intelligence gathering
in conflict zones.
US Marines taking part in a training exercise.
Photo:
AFP
The competence of military personnel is not determined by sex, gender, sexuality or ethnicity. Rather, competence is determined by a combination of
learned skills,
training, education, https://www.defencecareers.mil.nz/how-do-i-join/the-joining-process/medical-and-health physical ability,] mental agility, resilience,
experience
,
interpersonal skills
and
leadership qualities.
Any suggestion that military units are best served by being made up of only heterosexual men with "alpha" tendencies is undermined by the evidence.
In fact, a monocultural, hypermasculine military may increase the
potential for harassment, bullying or worse.
Modern military roles also involve a much wider range of skills than the traditional and stereotypically male infantry tasks of digging, walking with a pack, firing guns and killing an enemy.
In modern warfare, personnel may also need to engage in "hearts and minds" counterinsurgency, or in "grey zone" tactics, where specialisations in intelligence, cyber or drone piloting are more highly prized.
Militaries are also much more likely to be deployed to non-warfighting roles, such as humanitarian aid and disaster relief.
This isn't to say "controlled aggression" and other traditionally alpha-male attributes don't have their place.
However, national military strategies increasingly stress the need to train ethical and compassionate soldiers to successfully carry out government objectives.
The evolution of war requires the evolution of the military forces that fight them. The cancellation of the Women, Peace and Security program in the US threatens to put a stop to this process, at least in that country.
Despite Pete Hegseth's claim to be increasing "warfighting" capability, then, there is a real chance the move will decrease operational effectiveness, situational awareness and problem-solving in conflict situations.
Far from being peripheral, the Women, Peace and Security program is central to the future of all military activity, and to developing conceptions of war, peace and security.
Hegseth's "proud moment" looks less like winning a "war on woke" and more like a retreat from an understanding of the value a diverse military has created.
* Bethan Greener is an Associate Professor of Politics, Te Kunenga ki Pūrehuroa - Massey University
This story was originally published on
The Conversation.
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