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Researchers Uncover Giant 30-year-old Fungus Near Eltham

Researchers Uncover Giant 30-year-old Fungus Near Eltham

Scoop18-05-2025

A trio of fungal experts stumbled across the largest Ganoderma specimen they had ever seen during the annual New Zealand Fungal Foray this week in Taranaki.
A trio of fungal experts stumbled across the largest Ganoderma specimen they had ever seen during the annual New Zealand Fungal Foray this week in Taranaki.
PhD student Sam Lasham found the enormous Ganoderma bracket fungi, which was almost 82 centimetres wide and 45cm deep and thought to be about 30 years old, on a rotten stump at Rotokare near Eltham on Thursday afternoon, after a day of collecting.
Two others on the stump were almost as big.
He was accompanied by the academic leading the expedition, Dr Peter Buchanan from Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, and Auckland teacher teacher Gerrie Viljoen.
Lasham said the Ganoderma was a perennial.
'It can keep growing out and down, but only if there's enough food behind it, on the stump that it's growing on.'
But Buchanan said he had never seen one this size before in 45 years of looking, and estimated the fungus was about 30 years old.
Around 50 fungal experts and enthusiasts from across the country are taking part in the four day event, which ends Saturday.
Participants observed and photographed fungi in surrounding native forests, some of which are unlikely to have been previously studied for their fungi. The foragers have permission from iwi/hapū, the Department of Conservation and Taranaki Council to collect them.
Several of the forests being accessed during this Foray are unlikely to have been previously studied for their fungi.
Fungus of the Year 2025
This year's foray includes a 'Fungus of the Year' promotion with 12 fungal candidates to vote from.
People can vote for their favourite fungus, or maybe vote for a fungus that is threatened, or culturally important, or edible, or (on the negative side) one that's causing an important disease. As a Kingdom entirely separate from plants, and more closely related to animals, fungi come in so many shapes, colours and forms.

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The 19th NZ Garden Bird Survey Starts On Saturday 28 June
The 19th NZ Garden Bird Survey Starts On Saturday 28 June

Scoop

time5 days ago

  • Scoop

The 19th NZ Garden Bird Survey Starts On Saturday 28 June

Press Release – Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Once submitted and analysed, the huge amounts of data provided by citizen scientists nationwide more than 77,000 surveys since 2007 shape the story of how bird counts are changing across the country over two timeframes the past 5 and past … Thousands of New Zealanders have their pencils sharpened and at the ready for the start of the 19th New Zealand Garden Bird Survey | Te Tatauranga o ngā Manu Māra o Aotearoa on Saturday 28 June. As New Zealand/Aotearoa's longest-running citizen science project, the NZ Garden Bird Survey performs an invaluable role in tracking how our birds are faring, especially in urban and rural environments. Once submitted and analysed, the huge amounts of data provided by citizen scientists nationwide – more than 77,000 surveys since 2007 – shape the story of how bird counts are changing across the country over two timeframes – the past 5 and past 10 years. According to Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research Senior Researcher Dr Angela Brandt, the ongoing data collection is showing how the trends for each species might be changing over time. The results from the State of NZ Garden Birds | Te āhua o ngā manu o te kāri i Aotearoa 2024 had good and bad news for four of our native species. While tūī (kōkō) and fantail (pīwakawaka) continue to show increasing trends, and the national declines in silvereye (tauhou) counts have lessened, we are seeing short-term declines for kererū at the national scale and in seven regions. 'In the latest report, we see a tapering off of national declines for silvereye and increasing trends in their counts in 10 regions, which is heartening. But short-term declines are emerging for several species, including kererū and three introduced songbirds,' Dr Brandt says. Because these bird trends often vary by region, it's beneficial to have more people taking part in the survey to enable us to detect when a regional trend is different to the national trend. 'We received a record number of surveys in 2024, and I'd love to see if each region can come out in force for their garden birds again,' Dr Brandt says. Now is the perfect time to create a birding memory, especially if you've never done the Survey before. The NZ Garden Bird Survey website has a whole host of bird identification pages, bird song examples, and tips on how to get the best out of your Survey experience. Doing the survey is great for people, too. Back in 2020, we asked participants about their experience taking part. Some people responded that they liked participating in a large collective effort like the NZ Garden Bird Survey because they didn't have time to join a conservation or nature group. Most people also reported a greater sense of wellbeing after spending time counting birds in the garden. 'We had people saying it was a good opportunity to slow down,' says Manaaki Whenua Senior Researcher Dr Gradon Diprose. 'Participants talked about feeling curiosity, joy, fun, wonder and a sense of connection.' Teachers and families can enrich the learning experience around the NZ Garden Bird Survey with a bilingual lesson plan, developed in partnership with the Science Learning Hub, which explores learning about birds through a te ao Māori lens. Kairangahau Māori Yvonne Taura says the aim was to engage kura Māori in manu education and show they have a role to play in protecting their local environment. 'We've built a curriculum that will be a scaffold for learning opportunities in kura. By showing manu in the environment and how they are impacted by urban development, we can encourage kaitiakitanga and an understanding of our manu taonga.' It's easy to take part in the Survey: 1. Visit the NZ Garden Bird Survey website to get started: 2. Select a garden or a local park 3. Choose any ONE day between 28 June and 6 July. 4. Look and listen for birds on that day for ONE hour. 5. For each species, record the HIGHEST number seen or heard at one time. 6. Submit the results online via the NZ Garden Bird Survey website's Take Part page:

Our Changing World: Tracking turtles
Our Changing World: Tracking turtles

RNZ News

time09-06-2025

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Our Changing World: Tracking turtles

Dr Karen Middlemiss sending off a satellite tagged green sea turtle on Rangiputa Beach Photo: pricilla_northe Late last year an unprecedented number of green sea turtles, or honu, washed up on New Zealand's coastline. Many were nursed back to health and released back into the wild - and some were returned carrying special hardware that could help change the way we care for these ocean taonga. Bella Jansen and Dr Karen Middlemiss carrying a satellite-tagged green sea turtle back into the Rangaunu Harbour Photo: RNZ/Liz Garton Follow Our Changing World on Apple , Spotify , iHeartRadio or wherever you listen to your podcasts Dr Karen Middlemiss, marine senior science advisor for the Department of Conservation, is leading the study, which involves tagging some of the turtles that are discovered sick on our beaches, nursed back to health and then released back into the wild. "The data that you get from [the satellite tag] will help answer so many questions and really help us better inform conservation decisions for the species," says Karen. Satellite tagging, step one: Sand and clean the carapace then measure the fibreglass cloth. Photo: RNZ/Liz Garton The focus of the study is how green sea turtles, which researchers think are semi-resident in New Zealand for part of the year, are using our coastal areas. "We know that they are resident here because the local communities see them all year round. But we don't know if they're seeing the same turtles or whether some of them are perhaps heading off and it is new ones that they are seeing," she says. Satellite tagging, step two: Attach the tag with putty, and secure it with more fibreglass cloth and epoxy. Photo: RNZ/Liz Garton Karen plans to tag 20 green sea turtles over three years. The tags, which cost roughly $8500 dollars each, will not only track where the turtles go, but also how deep the turtle swims and the temperature of the water where they are spending their time. Satellite tagging, step three: Coat the satellite tag with anti-foul paint. Photo: RNZ/Liz Garton The tags themselves look a bit like a child's walkie talkie, with the aerial coming out the back instead of the top. An area the size of a side plate is cleared and all of it is painted bright blue with anti-foul paint. "The anti-foul stops epibionts, barnacles, and algae growing on top of the tag," says Karen. "If [the tag's sensors] get covered with anything they won't transmit to the satellite, so we're trying to prevent that from happening." While the tags appear quite large, everything about them is designed to have the smallest impact, while still helping collect much needed information about the turtles, says Karen. "We position the tag at the front of the animal so that when they pop up to breathe with their head out of the water, the front of the comes out as well. Then the tag's exposed so the satellites going over will pick it up." A satellite-tagged green sea turtle ready for release back into Rangaunu Harbour Photo: RNZ/Liz Garton Finding out how to best look after the endangered green sea turtle could be more important than ever right now. When turtles are found on the beach, they are likely sick and should be reported to the Department of Conservation. From there they are usually raced to Auckland Zoo for emergency treatment. Dr James Chatterton, manager of veterinary services at the zoo, said the annual average for the past 11 years has been about nine, but in 2024 there were 22, and 13 of them washed up in just two months - between October and December. "So, we don't know if this is a blip or if this is the start of more things to come," he says. Celine Campana, a veterinary nurse at Auckland Zoo who has a lot of experience working with turtles, says that once a turtle develops an illness and then comes into our cooler water, the situation snowballs. "That's a classic reptile thing," she says. "They're called ectotherms, so they receive their temperatures from externally, they can't generate it themselves. So, when their temperature drops below the optimal performance temperature, everything slowly grinds to a halt." James says the turtles they usually see are in "really poor body condition". "Lots of parasites, lots of barnacles and other things on the outside of the shell, many have got pneumonia, some have also eaten a fishing hook or been run over by boats or fractured their flipper or other kinds of traumatic injuries," he says. But the 2024 cluster, although dehydrated, seemed healthier than your average sick turtle. "They were in good body condition with no barnacles. 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Oarfish found on Dunedin beach 'not a harbinger of doom'
Oarfish found on Dunedin beach 'not a harbinger of doom'

Otago Daily Times

time06-06-2025

  • Otago Daily Times

Oarfish found on Dunedin beach 'not a harbinger of doom'

A dead oarfish lies in the sand at Aramoana Beach this week. A recent sighting of the long pelagic fish in Tasmania prompted a flurry of international headlines about the rare ''doomsday'' fish. PHOTO: SHARON CAMPBELL An oarfish that recently washed up on Dunedin's Aramoana Beach is likely not a "harbinger of doom", but it is "certainly an unusual sight and a special one", the Department of Conservation (Doc) says. A reader sent the Otago Daily Times photos of one of the rare deep-sea fish after it washed ashore at Aramoana earlier this week. Sightings of the long, ribbon-like fish often prompt talk of "doomsday fish", or recollections of Japanese folklore, in which sightings of oarfish were believed to be signs of imminent earthquakes or tsunamis. However, Doc marine species manager Malene Felsing said "as for being a 'harbinger of doom' — that's more myth than marine biology." "In some cultures, oarfish have been linked to folklore and natural disasters, but there's no scientific evidence to support those beliefs," she said. "Sometimes these stories resurface because the fish are so rarely seen and have an almost otherworldly appearance." Dr Felsing said oarfish sightings in New Zealand were "very rare". The deep-sea fish usually lived at depths of 200m to 1000m, and only seemed to wash up onshore when they were unwell or dying. "While they're not unheard of in our waters, they're certainly an unusual sight and a special one." The reader said they found the fish near Bear Rock one June 3. "I reckon it would have been 3-4 metres long. I don't believe it's a harbinger of doom, and I have never seen one before." Dr Felsing said temperate and tropical oceans worldwide, including around New Zealand, provided a habitat for the oarfish, but they were more commonly encountered in the northern hemisphere. "Because they live in such deep water, they're rarely seen alive, which adds to their mystery and appeal." Doc typically did not get involved in strandings of deep-sea fish such as oarfish, unless there was some sort of risk posed to people or other species. "However, they are fascinating specimens, and any sighting is a great opportunity to learn more about our marine biodiversity."

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