Heartbreak Pier: Where a million souls took their last steps on Irish soil
Emigration. A word so ingrained in the Irish psyche, it carries as many complex emotions in 2018 as it did a hundred years ago.
Regardless of whether the decision to quit 'the Auld Sod' was based on opportunity or compulsion, its effects upon those left behind remains one of our most vivid cultural landmarks with deep roots in every county across the nation. Between 1848 and 1950, it is estimated that 6 million adults and children emigrated from Ireland.
Crowds waiting to embark the Titanic in Cobh, then called Queenstown, in 2012. An image from the Fr FM Browne SJ Collection
More than 2.5 million of those boarded ships in Cobh, or Queenstown as it was known until 1920, making it the single most important port of emigration. Amongst those multitudes, over 1 million took their final steps from Irish soil across the gangplanks of 'Heartbreak Pier' — the jetty to an unknown New World trodden with the heavy hearts of those who would never return.
Due to its association with the misery of forced departure, the pier became known locally for the heartache of a final goodbye to family and home.
'There was no such thing as a return ticket in the 1890s and early 1900s, every ticket was one-way,' recalled a shipping agent of the time.
'The man who emigrated was a 'two pence a day' man — the average wage for a labourer back then. They rode to Cobh on donkeys and ponies and were greeted there by opportunists who knew the animals were up for grabs on the quaysides.'
On April 11, 1912, the Titanic called to the port of Queenstown (now Cobh), Co. Cork on her maiden voyage to New York. The picture shows some of the passengers strolling on the top deck as the liner was anchored just outside the mouth of Cork Harbour. A few days later, she sank after hitting an iceberg and most of those on board were killed. It's not known if those in the picture survived or not. Ref 114/115. Picture: Thomas Barker, Cork Examiner photographer
With a history that must surely make it one of the most famous slipways in Ireland, if not the world, Heartbreak Pier is set for significant investment as part of an ambitious re-development plan to protect and conserve its status as a potentially major tourist attraction.
Located adjacent to the iconic White Star Line building in Cobh, the pier had fallen into severe disrepair over the last number of decades, a victim of erosion, storm damage and the general weathering of time.
'The pier as a structure is a significant piece of history,' said Gillen Joyce, proprietor of the Titanic Experience. 'Having transformed the White Star Line building, and seen firsthand the impact of the site on visitors as well as the region, we felt passionately about saving 'Heartbreak Pier' and ensuring that it would not be lost to the elements.'
The pier will add significantly to Cobh's existing attractions, providing another tangible landmark amongst the already popular themes of emigration and its vocative connection to the RMS Titanic. Key to the redevelopment is a new structure which interacts with the old pier, and where visitors can walk upon that same piece of 'the old country' as did the 1 million souls across the decades of Irish history.
Amongst the 1 million who crossed the epochal structure, the 123 who were passengers on the ill-fated voyage of the Titanic have garnered much curiosity in recent years.
At its final port of call at Queenstown on April 11th, the last passengers to board the ship for its intended journey to New York crossed the timbers of Heartbreak Pier on a journey where only 44 of the 123 would eventually survive.
A photo taken on the deck of the Titanic when it was bearthed in Cobh. Picture: Thomas Barker, Irish Examiner
Three travelled first class, seven in second and the remainder in third — or steerage. Having anchored at the entrance to Cork harbour to transfer and collect passengers, Titanic set sail on what became one of the most tragic of maritime legends.
The ship struck an iceberg on the night of April 14th, and foundered with the loss of over 1,500 passengers early on the following morning.
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