Fast Five Quiz: Low-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome
What do you know about low-risk MDS? Check your knowledge with this quick quiz.
Among the gene mutations identified that can influence the prognosis in MDS, SF3B1 mutation is strongly associated with favorable clinical outcomes. Other mutations such as such as TP53 , ASXL1 , EZH2 , ETV6 , and RUNX1 typically lead to poorer clinical outcomes. The National Comprehensive Care Network (NCCN) notes that combining analysis of these mutations in MDS with International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) can improve risk stratification beyond the strengths of the IPSS alone, which is standard practice in some treatment centers.
Learn more about cytogenic studies for MDS.
Data have shown that hypocellular bone marrow is one of several factors that predict good response to IST in patients with lower-risk MDS. The NCCN specifically recommends IST in select patients, generally those 'aged ≤60 years and with ≤5% marrow blasts, or those with hypocellular marrows, PNH clone positivity, or STAT-3 mutant cytotoxic T-cell clones.'
Other factors associated with predicted benefit from IST include presence of dysplasia, young age (< 60 years), presence of HLA DR15, female sex, absence of ring sideroblasts, presence of trisomy 8, and relatively short duration of transfusion need.
Learn more about hypocellular marrow in MDS.
A study of patients with very low- and low-risk MDS found that mutations in three genes, IDH1 , IDH2 , and NPM1 , are more common among those patients with direct transformation to AML. NPM1 mutations are the most frequently-seen mutation in AML and are found in approximately 30%-35% of cases among adults.
Mutations in ASXL1 , CBL , and TP53 were found to be associated with progression to higher-risk MDS but not with transformation to AML.
Learn more about cytogenetics in MDS.
According to a review published in JAMA , the median survival time for patients with low and very low risk MDS is 5.3 years and 8.8 years, respectively. This is consistent with other recent data. Collected data from the same JAMA review indicated that the median age for MDS diagnosis is approximately 70 years and is more common in males; chemotherapy and radiation therapy exposure are also reported significant risk factors. Further, the IPSS, revised-IPSS, and WHO classification-based prognostic scoring system are the most frequently used scoring systems for MDS risk.
Learn more about MDS risk staging.
Due to longer survival, patients with low-risk MDS might be given multiple red blood cell transfusions as part of their management (which could potentially lead to iron overload). To decrease iron overload, the NCCN recommends consideration of daily iron chelation with subcutaneous deferoxamine or oral deferasirox after > 20-30 transfusions. This approach is especially recommended for patients with lower-risk MDS or those who are potential candidates for transplantation.
Learn more about iron chelation in MDS.
Editor's Note: This article was created using several editorial tools, including generative AI models, as part of the process. Human review and editing of this content were performed prior to publication.
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Forbes
19 hours ago
- Forbes
Yes, You Should Brush Your Teeth For 2 Minutes, Twice A Day. Here's Why.
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Illustration: Forbes / Photos: Retailers To help you make the most of your two-minute toothbrushing sessions—and learn why we should brush at this cadence in the first place—I spoke to three dental experts to get their advice: Mark S. Wolff, DDS, PhD, Morton Amsterdam dean and professor of the division of restorative dentistry at the University of Pennsylvania; Jennifer Cullen, clinical assistant professor at the University of Michigan School of Dentistry, and director of the division of dental hygiene; and Matthew Messina, DDS, associate professor, clinical and clinic director at the Ohio State University College of Dentistry, and ADA spokesperson. These experts shared their insights on how to brush most effectively, and why brushing teeth is important, to help you stay motivated. Here are the tips and techniques they recommend. Multiple clinical studies show that brushing for two minutes is key to removing plaque so you can keep your teeth and gums healthy. 'There's clinical studies that have shown two minutes of brushing to be highly effective in reducing [tooth] decay,' says Dr. Wolff. A key reason for the two-minute mandate is so you can actually reach the surface of every tooth in the mouth with your brush, and tackle all of the plaque on your teeth. Cullen explained that there are multiple layers of plaque on teeth, and that the longer you brush, the better you can get to the bottom-most, stickiest layers. The experts I spoke with maintained that thoroughly brushing the surface of every tooth takes time: You want to make sure you get the cheek and tongue surface and the back and front of each one. Wolff advises softly placing the bristles right at the gumline to start brushing. How can you ensure you're getting each tooth? 'Brush methodically, not randomly,' says Wolff. Approaching each quadrant of the mouth in 30-second intervals can help you hit all the areas of your mouth, too. 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Yahoo
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GE HealthCare launches new advanced digital X-ray system to enable access and increase efficiency in high throughput settings
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"We remain dedicated to advancing our technology through transformative digital and AI-enabled capabilities that will remove barriers to timely and effective diagnostic imaging for any patient in need of X-ray imaging." The Definium Pace Select ET system brings the same high image quality typically seen in more expensive overhead tube suspension (OTS) systems to the affordability focused floor-mounted market. Designed and developed with extensive customer feedback, the system brings: Advanced automation to reduce workflow steps and physically demanding movements for technologists, potentially minimizing work-related injuries. Image variability reduction through the AI-enabled Helix™ Advanced Image Processing to provide consistent high-quality images. Prevention of errors before they occur through automated positioning, protocol selection, patient size (body habitus), and collimation via the Intelligent Workflow Suite, and a quality check prior to radiation exposure. To learn more about the new X-ray system, visit About GE HealthCare Technologies Inc. GE HealthCare is a trusted partner and leading global healthcare solutions provider, innovating medical technology, pharmaceutical diagnostics, and integrated, cloud-first AI-enabled solutions, services and data analytics. We aim to make hospitals and health systems more efficient, clinicians more effective, therapies more precise, and patients healthier and happier. Serving patients and providers for more than 125 years, GE HealthCare is advancing personalized, connected and compassionate care, while simplifying the patient's journey across care pathways. Together, our Imaging, Advanced Visualization Solutions, Patient Care Solutions and Pharmaceutical Diagnostics businesses help improve patient care from screening and diagnosis to therapy and monitoring. We are a $19.7 billion business with approximately 53,000 colleagues working to create a world where healthcare has no limits. GE HealthCare is proud to be among 2025 Fortune World's Most Admired Companies™. Follow us on LinkedIn, X, Facebook, Instagram, and Insights for the latest news, or visit our website for more information. _______________________________ 1 510(k) cleared. Not CE marked. Cannot be placed on the market or put into service or used with human beings until it has been made to comply with CE marking and/or regulatory approval. Not all features available in all markets. 2 MV 2019 X-ray CR / DR Market Outlook Report) page 9, 37 3 Pearson, Dave. "Radiology techs in especially high demand as 85% of hospitals seek 'allied' health workers", 23 Oct. 22. View source version on Contacts GE HealthCare Media Contact: Katie ScrivanoM +1 Error in retrieving data Sign in to access your portfolio Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data
