Fresh Military Build-Up Threatens Stability in Libya's Tripoli

Libya Review

09-06-2025

Tensions in the Libyan capital, Tripoli, have escalated sharply in recent days, raising concerns about renewed armed conflict despite ongoing international mediation efforts. The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) is actively working to de-escalate the situation and revive stalled political talks. Still, the security climate in western Libya remains fragile and volatile.
The recent flare-up began with an armed standoff between rival factions, violating the existing ceasefire agreement. Forces from the General Security Apparatus entered Qadisiyah Island, prompting a swift military response from the Deterrence Apparatus for Combating Terrorism and Organized Crime. The latter re-deployed across several key zones in Tripoli, including Souk Al-Thulatha Island and Shatt Road. The force also reoccupied its former base at Rajma Camp and seized a military vehicle from the 444th Combat Brigade in Abu Mishmasha Island, detaining two brigade members.
Simultaneously, sporadic gunfire was reported near Al-Nasr Street, where the Nawasi Brigade deployed units around the state radio headquarters. Videos from the area showed fires breaking out at the Sidi Muneidher cemetery, further amplifying fears of wider unrest.
This security escalation comes just days after a joint agreement between the Libyan Presidential Council and the Government of National Unity (GNU) aimed to strengthen state authority and enhance public safety.
In response to the rising tensions, Stephanie Khoury, Deputy Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General, held a series of meetings in Benghazi with political and security stakeholders. The three-day consultations produced proposals to resolve Libya's prolonged political crisis.
The key suggestions included holding simultaneous presidential and parliamentary elections, or initiating parliamentary elections followed by drafting a permanent constitution and a presidential vote. Some participants also proposed forming a new political dialogue committee under Article 64 of the Libyan Political Agreement, with a mandate to finalize electoral laws and appoint a temporary unified government.
UNSMIL stated that many participants appreciated the advisory committee's work and called for urgent steps to break the political deadlock and achieve a Libyan-led resolution. Attendees expressed frustration with persistent political stagnation, insecurity, economic hardship, and national divisions—particularly the ongoing split between rival governments.
Despite the renewed diplomatic activity, UNSMIL voiced deep concern about reports of armed mobilizations in Tripoli and warned against the use of force. The mission urged immediate de-escalation, restraint, and a return to dialogue, emphasizing that 'there is no alternative to peaceful resolution.'
The UN also condemned displays of military power and clashes in densely populated areas, warning that such actions endanger civilians and further complicate efforts to reach a political solution.
As Tripoli teeters on the edge, the central question remains: Can Libyan factions overcome their divisions to reach a comprehensive settlement? The coming days may prove decisive, as international and local actors push for dialogue and stability in a country yearning for peace. Tags: libyaStephanie Khourytripoliunsmil