Tamil Nadu sees drop in microfinance gross loan portfolio in fiscal 2025
The Gross Loan Portfolio (GLP) of the microfinance industry in Tamil Nadu has declined in fiscal 2025, influenced by anticipated ordinances and increased regulatory intervention on collection practices, according to CRIF High Mark, a credit bureau.
According to data from CRIF, the GLP in Tamil Nadu declined by 19.6% to ₹46,800 crore in fiscal 2025, from ₹58,200 crore in fiscal 2024. On a quarter-on-quarter basis, the GLP fell 7.7%, from ₹50,700 crore.
Tamil Nadu (-7.7%, quarter-on-quarter basis), followed by Karnataka (-7.0% quarter-on-quarter basis), recorded steep GLP decline. State-level data revealed notable contractions in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka portfolios, influenced by anticipated ordinances and increased regulatory intervention on collection practices, the credit bureau said.
Overall, the microfinance industry's GLP stood at ₹381.2K crore as of March 2025, marking a 2.6% decline quarter-on-quarter and a 13.9% drop year-on-year. The Tamil Nadu government has proposed to come out with a legislation aimed at fair collection and recovery practices, signalling further regulatory shifts in the sector, the further impact of which is yet to be seen, CRIF said.
In April 2025, the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly passed the Tamil Nadu Money Lending (Prevention of Coercive Actions) Act, 2025. The Bill aims to protect and relieve the economically weaker and vulnerable groups and individuals from the undue hardship of coercive means of recovery of any loans by money-lending lending entities, such as microfinance institutions, money-lending agencies, and money-lending organisations.
'The fall in the gross loan portfolio was in line with the national trend. There were numerous factors involved, including the elections, impact of heatwaves and cyclones in some parts, and also over-leverage by borrowers in certain pockets affecting recoveries,' according to Jiji Mammen, executive director and CEO of Sa-Dhan, a self-regulatory organisation for the microfinance industry. The proposed Tamil Nadu legislation clearly excludes regulated entities.
He claimed that with the passing of the Bill, some people in certain pockets have tried to take advantage of it by refusing to pay; however, overall, business has remained normal.
Sa-Dhan has made a representation to the State government regarding the inclusion of all types of lenders under the 'coercive' clause in the Bill, which can get misrepresented. 'We have sought suitable amendments when the rules are framed to exclude regulated entities from the coercive clause,' he added.
Aditi Singh, chief strategy officer, Satin Credit Network Ltd, which has a portfolio of ₹227 crore in Tamil Nadu, said during the initial discussions around the Bill, 'we took a cautious approach by slowing down disbursements in Tamil Nadu to evaluate the on-ground situation. However, after assessing the situation and seeing there is normalcy at the ground level, we gradually resumed business operations.'
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