logo
Chart of the week: The future of glaciers

Chart of the week: The future of glaciers

The National25-03-2025
World Water Day has been marked annually on March 22 since 1993. It is an annual UN observance focusing on freshwater, primarily to support the sixth Sustainable Development Goal: Water and sanitation for all by 2030. Every year, the UN releases the World Water Development Report, and for more than 10 years, the report has covered different thematics. This year's report is on mountains and glaciers. According to the UN's current report, mountains and glaciers supply half the annual freshwater flows - around 55 to 60 per cent - and two-thirds of irrigated agriculture may depend on mountain waters. Additionally, mountains and highlands reduce the risk of erosion and landslides, cool local temperatures and produce high-value products such as medicinal plants. However, due to climate change and rapidly rising global temperatures, many of these benefits are at risk. According to the World Glacier Monitoring Service, the world has been losing tonnes of ice mass. Nearly 80 per cent of the greatest losses - "negative mass balances" - have been recorded since 2010. In 2024, the world lost more than 1.2 tonnes per square metre of ice, the highest amount in the past three decades. Since 1950, it has accumulated a mass balance of minus 27.4 tonnes per square metre or the loss of more than 30 metres of glacier-wide ice thickness. The regions more affected are Central Europe and the Southern Andes. Melting glaciers are also responsible for rising tides. By 2023, two-thirds of sea level rises were due to melting glaciers. According to the European Space Agency, between 2000 and 2023, ice loss contributed 18mm to global sea levels. Although the mountains of the Arab region are often overlooked, these areas have an essential role in providing water, in the form of snowmelt, for agriculture, particularly in sustaining crops during the summer when rainfall is limited. It is also responsible for communities and centres of economic activity in tourism and industry. Mount Lebanon (extending nearly the entire length of Lebanon) and the High Atlas Mountains (stretching through Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia) are the main providers of water in the region. Snowfall accumulates in several mountains over winter. As the weather warms up during the spring, the melting snow feeds into streams, reservoirs and aquifers at lower elevations. Nonetheless, due to climate change, seasonal snowfall and overall precipitation are expected to decrease, affecting snow cover duration, depth, and the availability of freshwater resources. These expected reductions together with projected population growth will lead the Arab region to struggle with water-related issues such as sanitation and hygiene and fall below the absolute water scarcity threshold by 2050. For this reason, scientists in the UAE are working to develop more effective desalination and water treatment in the Gulf. Nidal Hilal, a professor of engineering and the director of NYU Abu Dhabi Water Research Centre, works on membrane technology and nanotechnology for water purification. At the Water Research Centre, teams work to improve membrane design to reduce energy and carbon emissions when treating water and heavy metal removal from wastewater, a relevant issue in water-scarce regions. Also, the team has manufactured the first UAE-made membrane for reverse osmosis, focused on water properties in the Arabian Gulf. Considering 70 per cent of water usage goes to agriculture, they use membrane technology to reclaim wastewater for this sector.
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

World will have to learn to live with heatwaves: UN
World will have to learn to live with heatwaves: UN

Khaleej Times

time4 days ago

  • Khaleej Times

World will have to learn to live with heatwaves: UN

The world will have to learn to live with heatwaves, the United Nations' weather and climate agency said Tuesday, as much of Europe roasted in high summer temperatures. The World Meteorological Organization said that in future, people could expect heatwaves to occur more often and be more intense because of human-induced climate change. WMO spokeswoman Clare Nullis said July was traditionally the hottest month of the year in the northern hemisphere, but it was exceptional, though not unprecedented, to have episodes of extreme heat this early in the summer. She said extreme heat was "widely called the silent killer", with the death toll often under-reflected in official statistics. "It's important to stress that every single death from heat is unnecessary: we have the knowledge, we have the tools; we can save lives," she said. Western Europe is sweltering under the influence of a strong high pressure system, Nullis told a press briefing in Geneva. "This is trapping hot air from northern Africa over the region, and as we can see it's having a pretty big impact on the way we feel and the way we are acting," she said. A major factor in the heatwave is the exceptional sea surface temperatures in the Mediterranean. "It's the equivalent of a land heatwave. The Mediterranean Sea is suffering a pretty extreme marine heatwave right now, and that tends to reinforce the extreme temperatures over land areas," Nullis said. She said the urban heat island effect was exaggerating the situation in cities, with a lack of greenery to absorb the heat and concrete surfaces reflecting it. The WMO said early warnings and coordinated action plans were crucial to protect public safety, and meteorologists were getting better at both. "As a result of human-induced climate change, extreme heat is becoming more frequent, more intense. It's something we have to learn to live with," Nullis said. She added, "What can we expect in the future? More of the same, even worse." Meanwhile the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies said its national teams had mobilised across Europe to help people cope. "Volunteers are giving out water and checking on the most vulnerable populations, including people experiencing homelessness, older people, and outdoor workers," IFRC spokesman Tommaso Della Longa told the briefing. "Extreme heat doesn't have to be a disaster: knowledge, preparedness and early action make all the difference."

Somalia floods kill seven, displace 200 families
Somalia floods kill seven, displace 200 families

Al Etihad

time10-05-2025

  • Al Etihad

Somalia floods kill seven, displace 200 families

10 May 2025 23:33 MOGADISHU (AFP)At least seven people were killed in an overnight devastating flood in Somalia's capital Mogadishu, local government officials said on rains, which started on Friday night and lasted about 10 hours, touched off the floods that displaced more than 200 houses were completely destroyed across various districts of Mogadishu, while six major tarmac roads were also damaged."Seven people died, two of them women," Salah Omar Hassan, the spokesman of the Banadir regional administration, said in a press added, "The floods also swept through the houses of 200 families while destroying six key tarmac roads, which are very important for the movement of transport and people in the capital Mogadishu."A UN report published on April 30 revealed that more than 45,000 people have been affected by flash floods in Somalia since mid-April. The Horn of Africa is one of the regions most vulnerable to climate change, and extreme weather events are becoming increasingly frequent and intense. Somalia was hit by intense floods in 2023. More than 100 people were killed and over a million displaced after severe flooding caused by torrential rains linked to the El Nino weather pattern.

Downpours drench homeless survivors of Myanmar deadly quake
Downpours drench homeless survivors of Myanmar deadly quake

Khaleej Times

time16-04-2025

  • Khaleej Times

Downpours drench homeless survivors of Myanmar deadly quake

Heavy rains have lashed the Myanmar region stricken by last month's earthquake, aid officials said on Wednesday, drenching homeless survivors and bogging down relief efforts. Some 60,000 people are living in tent encampments in central Myanmar, according to the UN, three weeks after a 7.7-magnitude tremor damaged and destroyed thousands of homes and killed at least 3,700 people. Downpours around 7:00 pm on Tuesday flooded streets and camps in and around Mandalay, the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) said. The city — Myanmar's second most populous — suffered heavy damage in the March 28 disaster with apartment blocks collapsed, religious institutes demolished and hotels razed by the shallow quake. AFP journalists in Mandalay over the weekend saw hundreds of people living under plastic gazebos and draped tarpaulins, perched on cardboard in makeshift homes that offered little protection from the elements. "When these downpours happen the conditions just get really worse," IFRC Myanmar delegation chief Nadia Khoury told AFP. Myanmar is in the midst of its "Thingyan" festival which typically celebrates the new year with water-splashing rituals symbolising cleansing and renewal. But celebrations have been muted as the nation mourns, while relief workers and homeless families are fretting over the summer's oncoming monsoon season. "The conditions are challenging. We are worried about the rains arriving," said Khoury, who has visited the worst affected sites -- where the IFRC is working with the Myanmar Red Cross -- for the past two days. "This effort needs to be as fast as possible, to get people into some form of permanent shelter, with good sanitary facilities and drinking water." Myanmar's central belt is blanketed by at least two and a half million tonnes of debris, according to the UN, which says two million people have been pushed into "critical need of assistance and protection". Many homes remain standing but have suffered cracks, with families too fearful to return as the region is still rattled by regular aftershocks. Daytime temperatures have soared as high as 44 degrees Celsius (111 degrees Fahrenheit), piling more misery on survivors in the country which is also beset by a brutal civil war following a 2021 coup.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store