
Soil on the Moon could sustain human life, study finds
Researchers from the Chinese University of Hong Kong developed a technology to extract water from lunar soil and used it to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen and chemical fuel. The technology does this by converting light from the Sun into heat.
According to the study, published in the Cell Press journal Joule, the research could 'potentially open new doors for future deep space exploration' because it could mitigate the expensive costs needed to bring essential resources such as water to the Moon.
A single gallon (3.78 litres) of water costs $83,000 (€71,230) to ship up by rocket, the study continued, with one astronaut drinking roughly four gallons (15.14 litres) a day.
'We never fully imagined the 'magic' that the lunar soil possessed,' said lead researcher Lu Wang.
However, the study notes that any strategies that are already in place to extract water from the surface of the Moon involve multiple 'energy-intensive' steps and do not break down how much CO2 is used by fuel.
The Moon's extreme lunar environment will still make it challenging to harvest more oxygen and water from the land, the study continued, because there are 'drastic temperature fluctuations,' radiation and low gravity to deal with.
The CO2 emitted from the breaths of the astronauts won't be enough to supply all the water, fuel and oxygen that the team of astronauts might need.

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Euronews
20-07-2025
- Euronews
Soil on the Moon could sustain human life, study finds
The soil on the Moon might be able to sustain life, according to a new study. Researchers from the Chinese University of Hong Kong developed a technology to extract water from lunar soil and used it to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen and chemical fuel. The technology does this by converting light from the Sun into heat. According to the study, published in the Cell Press journal Joule, the research could 'potentially open new doors for future deep space exploration' because it could mitigate the expensive costs needed to bring essential resources such as water to the Moon. A single gallon (3.78 litres) of water costs $83,000 (€71,230) to ship up by rocket, the study continued, with one astronaut drinking roughly four gallons (15.14 litres) a day. 'We never fully imagined the 'magic' that the lunar soil possessed,' said lead researcher Lu Wang. However, the study notes that any strategies that are already in place to extract water from the surface of the Moon involve multiple 'energy-intensive' steps and do not break down how much CO2 is used by fuel. The Moon's extreme lunar environment will still make it challenging to harvest more oxygen and water from the land, the study continued, because there are 'drastic temperature fluctuations,' radiation and low gravity to deal with. The CO2 emitted from the breaths of the astronauts won't be enough to supply all the water, fuel and oxygen that the team of astronauts might need.


France 24
02-07-2025
- France 24
Possible interstellar object spotted zooming through Solar System
The object, which is currently being referred to as A11pl3Z, poses no threat to Earth, the ESA's planetary defence head Richard Moissl told AFP. "It will fly deep through the Solar System, passing just inside the orbit of Mars," but will not hit our neighbouring planet, he said. Excited astronomers are still refining their calculations, but the object appears to be zooming more than 60 kilometres (37 miles) a second. This would mean it is not bound by the Sun's orbit, unlike comets and asteroids, which all originate from within the Solar System. Its trajectory also "means it's not orbiting our star, but coming from interstellar space and flying off to there again," Moissl said. "We are not 100 percent certain at the moment, but anything else would be a surprise," he added. Official confirmation is expected to come from the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center, which has recorded more than 100 observations of the object so far. The NASA-funded ATLAS survey in Hawaii first discovered the object on Tuesday, US astronomer David Rankin wrote on the social media platform Bluesky. Professional and amateur astronomers across the world then searched through past telescope data, tracing its trajectory back to at least June 14. The object is currently estimated to be roughly 10-20 kilometres wide, Moissl said. But the object could be smaller if it is made out of ice, which reflects more light. "It will get brighter and closer to the Sun until late October and then still be observable (by telescope) until next year," Moissl said. Our third visitor It would be the third time humanity has detected something coming from the stars. The first, 'Oumuamua, was discovered in 2017. It was so strange that at least one prominent scientist became convinced it was an alien vessel -- though this has since been dismissed by further research. Our second interstellar visitor, 2I/Borisov, was spotted in 2019. Mark Norris, an astronomer at the UK's University of Central Lancashire, told AFP that the new object appears to be "moving considerably faster than the other two extra-solar objects that we previously discovered." The object is currently roughly around the distance from Jupiter away from Earth, Norris said. He lamented that he would not be able to observe the object on his telescope on Wednesday night, because it is currently only visible in the Southern Hemisphere. Norris pointed to modelling estimating that there could be as many 10,000 interstellar objects drifting through the Solar System at any given time, though most would be smaller than the newly discovered object. If true, this suggests that the newly online Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile could soon be finding these dim interstellar visitors every month, Norris said. Moissl said it is not feasible to send a mission into space to intercept the new object. Still, these visitors offer scientists a rare chance to study something outside of our Solar System. For example, if we detected precursors of life such as amino acids on such an object, it would give us "a lot more confidence that the conditions for life exist in other star systems," Norris said. © 2025 AFP


Sustainability Times
18-06-2025
- Sustainability Times
Solar Pole Shock: This European Probe Just Captured the First Images Ever of the Sun's South Pole With Stunning Clarity
IN A NUTSHELL 🌞 The Solar Orbiter mission has captured humanity's first-ever images of the sun's mysterious south pole. mission has captured humanity's first-ever images of the sun's mysterious south pole. 🔍 The mission revealed a chaotic magnetic patchwork that is key to understanding the sun's 11-year polarity flip. that is key to understanding the sun's 11-year polarity flip. 🌀 The sun's differential rotation twists its magnetic field, leading to periodic reversals every 11 years. 🚀 The data from the Solar Orbiter will enhance our ability to predict solar cycles and mitigate the effects of solar activity on Earth. The unveiling of the sun's south pole marks a groundbreaking moment in solar exploration. For the first time, the European Space Agency (ESA) and NASA's Solar Orbiter have managed to capture images of this mysterious region, offering new insights into the sun's complex behavior. This daring mission, which involved maneuvering the spacecraft below the solar system's planetary plane, promises to deepen our understanding of the sun's 11-year polarity flip and its chaotic magnetic field. Scientists are hopeful that these revelations will pave the way for more accurate predictions of solar activity, which is crucial for safeguarding our technological infrastructure. First-Ever Views of the Sun's South Pole The Solar Orbiter mission represents a monumental achievement in space exploration. By swooping 15 degrees below the solar equator, the spacecraft captured humanity's first-ever views of the sun's south pole. This region, previously hidden from direct observation, is now in the spotlight, thanks to the collaborative efforts of ESA and NASA. The mission's success marks the beginning of a new era in solar science, as researchers are now able to study the sun's poles in unprecedented detail. Prof Carole Mundell, ESA's director of science, emphasized the significance of this achievement by stating, 'The sun is our nearest star, giver of life and potential disruptor of modern space and ground power systems.' Understanding these dynamics is crucial, as solar activity can have profound effects on Earth, disrupting satellites and power grids. This mission not only highlights the importance of solar research but also demonstrates the capabilities of modern space technology. Revolutionary Solar Tech Unveiled: Ultra-Efficient Panels with Breakthrough Nanolayers Set to Transform Energy at Lightning Speed Magnetic Mosaic Confirmed at Last Beyond capturing images, the Solar Orbiter has also unveiled a chaotic magnetic patchwork at the sun's base. This intricate mosaic, characterized by fragmented north and south polarities, had been predicted by computer models for years but was never directly observed until now. Scientists believe that these observations hold the key to understanding the sun's 11-year polarity flip, a phenomenon that fundamentally alters the solar magnetic field. Prof Lucie Green from UCL's Mullard Space Science Laboratory, who has been involved with the mission since 2005, remarked on the significance of these findings. She noted that the sun's magnetic field is responsible for its dynamic behavior, transforming it from a quiet star to one filled with explosive activity. By tracking these polar changes, scientists aim to improve forecasts of the solar cycle, enhancing our ability to predict solar storms and protect our technological assets. World's Largest Solar Telescope Unleashes 5.6-Ton Tech Beast to Capture Unprecedented Images of Massive Sunspot Activity Solar Spin Fuels Chaos The sun's unique rotation pattern further complicates its magnetic behavior. Unlike Earth, the sun exhibits differential rotation, with its equator spinning faster than its poles. This uneven spin twists the sun's magnetic field, much like a rubber band being wound up. Eventually, this tension leads to a magnetic reversal, flipping the north and south poles every 11 years. This cosmic reset is a critical aspect of the solar cycle, influencing everything from sunspots to solar flares. Despite decades of research, scientists still struggle to predict the precise timing and intensity of the solar cycle's peaks and troughs. As the sun approaches its next solar minimum, a period of reduced activity, the data collected by the Solar Orbiter will be invaluable. Launched in 2020, the mission will continue to provide insights as it orbits the sun, gradually increasing its observational angle up to 33 degrees by 2029. '56,000 Homes Become a Power Plant': California Firm Creates Largest Virtual Energy Source in US With Revolutionary Grid-Sharing Tech Solar Cycle Phase Characteristics Solar Maximum Increased sunspots and solar flares, magnetic field reversal Solar Minimum Decreased activity, stabilized magnetic field Implications for Future Solar Research The successful imaging of the sun's south pole not only expands our understanding of solar phenomena but also sets the stage for future research. As technology advances, missions like the Solar Orbiter will continue to push the boundaries of what we know about our closest star. The insights gained from these missions are essential for developing strategies to mitigate the effects of solar activity on Earth. As we look to the future, the question remains: How will the knowledge gained from these groundbreaking observations shape our approach to space exploration and our understanding of the universe? The answers could redefine our relationship with the cosmos and our place within it. Our author used artificial intelligence to enhance this article. Did you like it? 4.5/5 (22)