
EU may get 15 per cent tariff deal with US: reports
The rate, which could also extend to cars, would mirror the framework agreement the United States struck with Japan.
Officials from the European Commission, which negotiates trade deals on behalf of the 27-member bloc, briefed EU envoys on the state of talks with their US counterparts.
US President Donald Trump would ultimately make any final decision on a deal, however.
Under the outlines of the potential deal, the 15 per cent rate could apply to sectors including cars and pharmaceuticals and would not be added to long-standing US duties, which average just under five per cent.
There could also be concessions for sectors like aircraft, lumber as well as some medicines and agricultural products, which would not face tariffs, the diplomats said.
The US administration does not, however, appear willing to lower its current 50 per cent tariff on steel, they said.
The Commission said earlier on Wednesday that its primary focus was to achieve a negotiated outcome to avert the threatened 30 per cent tariffs.
At the same time it planned to submit counter-tariffs on 93 billion euros ($A166 billion) worth of US goods to EU members for approval.
A vote is expected on Thursday although no measures would be imposed until August 7.
Germany supported the EU readying countermeasures, a government representative said.
If Trump's 30 per cent tariffs are implemented, EU diplomats also said there was broad support among European governments to activate wide-ranging so-called "anti-coercion" measures, which would allow the bloc to target US services and other sectors.
The EU appears to be following in the footsteps of Japan, whose agreement with the United States is the most significant Trump has struck since launching his tariff offensive in April.
European shares climbed about one per cent, led by car stocks, following the US-Japan announcement.
One stand-out feature of that deal was that the same 15 per cent rate applies to cars, compared to the current US tariff of 27.5 per cent, something the EU may want for its own car exports.
The US imported vehicles and automotive parts valued at more than $US55 billion ($A84 billion) from Japan last year.
EU exports were 47.3 billion euros.
Far fewer US cars were sold into the EU or Japanese markets.
EU officials say the US has shown little sign of budging on car tariffs but the Japan deal could hint at flexibility.
"Whatever the Japanese got will become the minimum for the EU negotiating objectives," said Simon Evenett, professor of geopolitics and strategy at IMD Business School.
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Sydney Morning Herald
13 minutes ago
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The other big 'win' for the US was, Trump claims, the opening of its agricultural markets to US exports, particularly the market for rice, which has historically been extremely politically sensitive in Japan. According to the Office of the US Trade Representative, American farmers will have the same advantage as countries within the Trans-Pacific Trade Partnership in selling into the Japanese market. During the Obama administration, America was going to be a party to the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a free trade agreement whose members include Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and Vietnam. It was Trump, within days of taking office in his first in January 2017, who withdrew the US from the TPP. America's farmers could have had the same trade terms with Japan as those countries eight years ago, if not for Trump. As for rice, Japan already imports up to 770,000 tonnes a year (the amount is capped to protect its own rice farmers), with the US supplying about 45 per cent of that volume. Yes, the US may be able to sell more and perhaps displace other suppliers, but Japan has reserved the right to decide the additional volume and quality of any extra imports from the US. Loading The bottom line for the trade elements of the deal is that it does lift the tariff rate on Japan's exports to the US – US consumers will pay more for Japanese products – but Japan has negotiated a deal that does only minor damage to its exports and economy in the process while presenting Trump with the ability to trumpet that he has opened up access to its domestic markets even though nothing material is likely to change. Indeed, unless Trump is forced to lower the rates on other countries auto and auto parts exports to the US, along with his sectoral tariffs on steel, aluminium and copper, the Japanese negotiators have given their key exporters a competitive edge. Trump says there's never been anything like the deal with Japan. He may be right, even if it appears he doesn't understand how it might play out in practice. There is a very large non-trade element to the deal. Japan has promised, it seems, to invest up to $US550 billion in the US, at Trump's direction and with the US allocated 90 per cent of any profits the investments might generate. The White House described the funding as the 'centrepiece' of the agreement with Japan, with the US Treasury Secretary, Scott Bessent, saying Japan had been awarded the 15 per cent tariff rate 'because they were willing to provide this innovative financing mechanism.' There are few details available on what is being loosely described as a Japanese sovereign wealth fund dedicated to investing in strategic sectors like semi-conductors, pharmaceuticals, steel, shipbuilding, critical minerals and energy in the US. The Japanese say the funds will come from their state banks and government agencies and will be in the form of equity, debt and guarantees. That suggests the $US550 billion, if it ever materialises, will be largely loans and loan guarantees for Japanese and US companies investing in projects Trump deems important. The detail will matter. Having effectively been extorted into agreeing to provide the funding, they are hardly likely to hand over $US550 billion without conditions and safeguards to someone who has declared bankruptcy four times. Loading They also have China's precedent to guide them. To end Trump's 2018-19 trade war, China agreed to buy a massively increased volume of US products. It eventually bought a little more than half what it had agreed to. Japan can slow-walk the handing over of the funds, knowing that, if it stretches the process out, a new administration in 2029 might have different views on trade. The investment agreement, apparently the brainchild of the Commerce Secretary, Howard Lutnick as it became clear that Japan wasn't going to accede to Trump's most aggressive demands for market access, is a peculiar one if Trump's aim is, as he has always claimed, to reduce America's trade deficit. If Japan were to actually deliver $US550 billion of new capital inflows to the US, it would increase the trade deficit, not decrease it. It would also probably help push up the value of the US dollar, which has been tumbling, making US exports less competitive in international markets. Did anyone explain that to Trump? Trump says there's never been anything like the deal with Japan. He may be right, even if it appears he doesn't understand how it might play out in practice. The deal with Japan provides a benchmark for the European Union, which appears very close to either agreeing its own deal or walking away and retaliating with punitive tariffs on US imports. It could probably live with a 15 per cent rate and no cap on its auto exports, provided there is nothing in the US demands that relates to its valued-added tax system or its regulation of social media platforms and big technology companies. Once Trump's August 1 deadline for deals is reached, the larger picture of Trump's trade wars will be clear, if still quite messy with its range of different tariffs, different rates and side-deals like the Japanese funding. Loading Crudely, however, the new 'baseline' tariff rate for America's major trading partners now appears to be 15 per cent. The average effective US tariff rate will have risen from about 2.4 per cent before he took office again to something around 20 per cent. Trade flows will be distorted, global supply chains severely disrupted, US companies and consumers will be paying a big new tax on their spending and the US inflation rate, and interest rates, will be higher than they would otherwise have been. Will that make America great again?

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As for rice, Japan already imports up to 770,000 tonnes a year (the amount is capped to protect its own rice farmers), with the US supplying about 45 per cent of that volume. Yes, the US may be able to sell more and perhaps displace other suppliers, but Japan has reserved the right to decide the additional volume and quality of any extra imports from the US. Loading The bottom line for the trade elements of the deal is that it does lift the tariff rate on Japan's exports to the US – US consumers will pay more for Japanese products – but Japan has negotiated a deal that does only minor damage to its exports and economy in the process while presenting Trump with the ability to trumpet that he has opened up access to its domestic markets even though nothing material is likely to change. Indeed, unless Trump is forced to lower the rates on other countries auto and auto parts exports to the US, along with his sectoral tariffs on steel, aluminium and copper, the Japanese negotiators have given their key exporters a competitive edge. Trump says there's never been anything like the deal with Japan. He may be right, even if it appears he doesn't understand how it might play out in practice. There is a very large non-trade element to the deal. Japan has promised, it seems, to invest up to $US550 billion in the US, at Trump's direction and with the US allocated 90 per cent of any profits the investments might generate. The White House described the funding as the 'centrepiece' of the agreement with Japan, with the US Treasury Secretary, Scott Bessent, saying Japan had been awarded the 15 per cent tariff rate 'because they were willing to provide this innovative financing mechanism.' 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It eventually bought a little more than half what it had agreed to. Japan can slow-walk the handing over of the funds, knowing that, if it stretches the process out, a new administration in 2029 might have different views on trade. The investment agreement, apparently the brainchild of the Commerce Secretary, Howard Lutnick as it became clear that Japan wasn't going to accede to Trump's most aggressive demands for market access, is a peculiar one if Trump's aim is, as he has always claimed, to reduce America's trade deficit. If Japan were to actually deliver $US550 billion of new capital inflows to the US, it would increase the trade deficit, not decrease it. It would also probably help push up the value of the US dollar, which has been tumbling, making US exports less competitive in international markets. Did anyone explain that to Trump? Trump says there's never been anything like the deal with Japan. He may be right, even if it appears he doesn't understand how it might play out in practice. The deal with Japan provides a benchmark for the European Union, which appears very close to either agreeing its own deal or walking away and retaliating with punitive tariffs on US imports. It could probably live with a 15 per cent rate and no cap on its auto exports, provided there is nothing in the US demands that relates to its valued-added tax system or its regulation of social media platforms and big technology companies. Once Trump's August 1 deadline for deals is reached, the larger picture of Trump's trade wars will be clear, if still quite messy with its range of different tariffs, different rates and side-deals like the Japanese funding. Loading Crudely, however, the new 'baseline' tariff rate for America's major trading partners now appears to be 15 per cent. The average effective US tariff rate will have risen from about 2.4 per cent before he took office again to something around 20 per cent. Trade flows will be distorted, global supply chains severely disrupted, US companies and consumers will be paying a big new tax on their spending and the US inflation rate, and interest rates, will be higher than they would otherwise have been. Will that make America great again?


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