The Phenomenological Origin of Photons in Classical Fields: Cheyney-backed Research Transforms Understanding of Light
A recent research article supported by Cheyney Design and Development Ltd. presents a revolutionary theory on light. Dr. Dhiraj Sinha, a faculty member at Plaksha University, has published an article in Annals of Physics, a peer-reviewed journal from Elsevier, where his discovery on a critical link between the ideas of Maxwell and Einstein on light has been disclosed. It transforms a century-old scientific theory on the nature of light, while forging a vital link between classical and quantum theories of light. The study is derived from a prior article published in Physical Review Letters, where Dr. Sinha showed that electromagnetic radiation is generated under explicit symmetry breaking of the electrodynamic field. The research project, funded by Cheyney, presented an integrated theoretical framework on the generation of radiation, ranging from radio to optical frequencies.
This press release features multimedia. View the full release here: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250609142601/en/
Electrons ejected under photoexcitation from a metallic surface
The nature of light has remained one of the most intriguing scientific challenges. Newton's conjecture that light consists of particles was replaced by the wave theory of light pioneered by Young and Fresnel, which found additional support from Maxwell in 1865, who postulated that light is an electromagnetic wave. It was experimentally verified by Heinrich Hertz in 1887, but later experiments on the photoelectric effect where electrons are generated when light falls on a metal plate, led to new questions. Einstein's heuristic argument that light consists of packets of energy or light quanta could explain the energy dependence of electrons on the frequency of light in the photoelectric effect. This led to the revolutionary perspective that light behaves like a wave in free space and like particles under interaction with matter.
Currently, the scientific establishment believes that light-matter interaction can only be explained by the concept of photons which has no direct theoretical links to Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory. In the recent research article, Dr. Dhiraj Sinha has presented his discovery that photons directly emerge from Maxwell's fields. He has used the Maxwell-Faraday equation to substantiate his point which says that the time varying magnetic field of electromagnetic radiation generates an electric potential defined by ds/dt where ds is the differential change in magnetic flux s of radiation over a differential change in time dt. Dr. Sinha argues that an electron of charge e is energised by the electric potential generated by light which is expressed as W=eds/dt. The frequency domain or phasor representation of electron's energy is esw, where w is angular frequency of light. Dr. Sinha's fundamental discovery is associated with correlating ' esw' to Einstein's expression on the energy of a photon ħw, where ħ is the reduced Planck's constant. Thus, he has demonstrated that Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction plays the central role in energising electrons from the changing magnetic flux of radiation field. This theoretical discovery by Dr. Sinha implies that photons are directly generated from Maxwell's fields while assuming magnetic flux quantisation, which has been observed in superconducting loops as well as two-dimensional electron gas systems. Thus, light-matter interaction can be explained using Maxwell's fields.
The idea has received strong support from a team of well-known physicists spanning many universities. Jorge Hirsch, professor of physics at University of California San Diego, wrote a letter of support for the editorial board members. Steven Verrall, former faculty member at University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, says, 'Dr. Sinha provides a new semiclassical approach to modelling quantum systems. His unique approach may ultimately add valuable insights to the continued development of semiclassical effective field theories in low energy physics.' Lawrence Horwitz, professor emeritus at the University of Tel Aviv, notes, 'This article is indeed a valuable contribution to the theory of photons and electrons.' Richard Muller, professor of physics at University of California Berkeley and Faculty Senior Scientist at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, commented, 'The ideas are intriguing and they address the most fundamental of the non-resolved issues of quantum physics including the particle/wave duality and the meaning of measurement.'
Dr. Sinha's discovery provides a revolutionary structure towards integrating the principles of classical electromagnetism into modern photonic devices. It can have a transformational impact in optics, photonics and electronics. It implies that the devices like solar cells, lasers, light-emitting diodes, along with radio antennas which operate on the principle of Maxwell's equations can be integrated on the same platform. The work offers a novel framework for one of the most radically transformative pathways towards their seamless integration.
Dr. Richard Parmee, founder of Cheyney Design and Development, stated, 'Cheyney is proud to support Dr. Sinha's pioneering work, which has the potential to transform our understanding of light and its applications. Our mission is to champion early-stage innovations that push the frontiers of knowledge, and this research exemplifies our vision of nurturing high-impact scientific advancements.'
Additional Information
1. Sinha, D. Electrodynamic excitation of electrons. Annals of Physics, 473, 169893 (2025).
2. Sinha, D., & Amaratunga, G. A. Electromagnetic radiation under explicit symmetry breaking. Physical Review Letters, 114, 147701 (2015).
About Cheyney Design & Development Ltd.
Cheyney Design & Development Ltd, Litlington, UK, founded by Dr. Richard Parmee, is at the forefront of innovations in X-ray inspection technology. Its patented, cutting-edge technology and advanced stochastic algorithms position it as technical leader in the X-ray inspection arena. Cheyney is dedicated to supporting early-stage innovations with transformative potential in science and engineering.
View source version on businesswire.com:https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250609142601/en/
[email protected]
KEYWORD: GERMANY EUROPE IRELAND UNITED KINGDOM
INDUSTRY KEYWORD: RESEARCH OTHER ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ENERGY TECHNOLOGY OTHER EDUCATION UNIVERSITY EDUCATION SCIENCE PHOTOGRAPHY AUDIO/VIDEO OTHER TECHNOLOGY OTHER SCIENCE
SOURCE: Cheyney Design and Development Ltd.
Copyright Business Wire 2025.
PUB: 06/16/2025 04:35 AM/DISC: 06/16/2025 04:34 AM
http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20250609142601/en
Hashtags
Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles
Yahoo
36 minutes ago
- Yahoo
First Step Towards an Artificial Human Genome Now Underway
As if sequencing a full human genome wasn't tricky enough, scientists are now attempting to reconstruct our species' genetic material from the ground up. It's an ambitious and controversial project called the Synthetic Human Genome (SynHG) project, and work has already begun on a proof-of-concept. The goal of this crucial first step is to use the human genome blueprint to write the genetic code for a single, enormously long strand of DNA in just one of our chromosomes – making up approximately 2 percent of our total genome. The entire DNA content will be digitally designed before it is then built in the lab. According to proponents, this project could kickstart a genetic revolution, profoundly changing our understanding of human DNA and possibly enabling designer cell-based therapies and virus-resistant tissue transplantation. Related: Emboldened by these futuristic possibilities, the Wellcome Trust – one of the world's largest scientific research charities – announced this week that it was funding the SynHG initiative with £10 million (approximately US$13.7 million). Researchers behind the project, who hail from the Universities of Oxford, Kent, Manchester, Cambridge, and Imperial College London, told the BBC that "the sky is the limit". They aim to build a fully synthetic human chromosome in the next five to 10 years. "The ability to synthesize large genomes, including genomes for human cells, may transform our understanding of genome biology and profoundly alter the horizons of biotechnology and medicine," says project leader and molecular biologist Jason Chin from the Ellison Institute of Technology and Oxford. "With SynHG we are building the tools to make large genome synthesis a reality." Some independent scientists, however, are dubious that the SynHG project can get that far, even with cutting-edge generative AI and advanced robotic assembly technologies. Award-winning geneticist Robin Lovell-Badge from the Francis Crick Institute, who is not involved in the SynHG project, says that he is "very enthusiastic" about the initiative, as "you can only truly understand something if you can build it from scratch." But despite all the knowledge we have gained since fully sequencing and reading the human genome in 2003, he says there is still a lot of work to be done before we can actually build a complete one. Today, the only human-made genomes fully written from scratch are for single-celled organisms that have, at most, 16 chromosomes made from roughly 12 million base pairs. That accomplishment took roughly a decade of hard work. Humans, by comparison, typically possess more than 30 trillion cells with 46 chromosomes and 3 billion base pairs. Who knows how long it will take scientists to untangle that level of complexity? "As for synthetic human chromosomes, although the current project is very unlikely to get that far, it may eventually be possible to make synthetic cells that can be grown in the lab with high efficiency," says Lovell-Badge. "However, there is no suggestion to make synthetic humans. We have no idea how to do this, and it is likely to be very unsafe." While the details are hazy, the SynHG team claims to be working with academic, civil society, industry, and policy experts to examine the ethical, legal, and social implications of their research. Projects like these are bound to inspire social and ethical debates on the possibilities and consequences of complex health and reproductive issues, from the right to make 'designer' babies to the definition of eugenics. "We must recognize that this sort of work is not without controversy, and that is vital for researchers and the public to be in communication with one another," says Sarah Norcross, director of the Progress Educational Trust (PET), which is a charity for people affected by genetic conditions. "The public must have a clear understanding of what this research entails, while researchers and funders must have a thoroughgoing understanding of where the public wants to go with this science." Nightmares Could Make You 3 Times More Likely Die Before 75 The Secret to Better Sleep Could Be As Simple As Eating More Fruit And Veggies BMI Is an Awful Predictor of Early Death. We've Had a Better Option For Decades.
Yahoo
38 minutes ago
- Yahoo
Pupils give up smartphones in behaviour experiment
Pupils at a school in Kent have given up their smartphones as part of an experiment to monitor their behaviour. Year 10 students at The Canterbury Academy Trust who handed in their phones said it was a "scary" prospect, but also "a relief". As part of a research project by the University of Kent, the pupils will not have access to their smartphones for one week. Experts said they wanted to track the change in the behaviour of students and the impact it has on them. Emilia and Molly handed in their smartphones on Monday morning. Molly said: "It's a nice bit of freedom because you don't have to constantly be checking your messages and see you're missing out on things." Meanwhile, Emilia added: "I think it's going to improve our mental health and mental wellbeing because you're not constantly looking at your phone, you can actually get on with things that you're meant to." The pupils have been given a basic Nokia phone for the week, with no access to social media. Jon Watson, chief executive officer of The Canterbury Academy Trust, is also taking part in the trial, which has previously been carried out at two Kent schools. He said phone use was already restricted during the school day, but the experiment included when staff and pupils returned home. "I thought it was important that I set that example, so that I can be present and in the moment," he said. "It's about helping young people understand the power and responsibility they have when they are in possession of a smartphone, how positive they can be in terms of what they can do, but also some of the negatives and some of the challenges they'll face while they have that mobile phone as well." Participants are to be interviewed at the start and at the end of the week by Dr Lindsey Cameron, a psychology lecturer at the University of Kent. "We know there's a link between smartphone use and mental health, problems with sleep, comparing yourselves to others - and phones are really addictive. "We really have to understand what effect this is having on young people." This week, six primary schools and more than 5,000 parents and caregivers in Kent signed up to a pact that promised to delay smartphone use in teenagers until Year 9 and access to social media until two years later. More schools are due to take part in the experiment in the coming months and a summit involving teachers from schools across Kent is to be held in September to discuss a cross-county approach to smartphones. Follow BBC Kent on Facebook, on X, and on Instagram. Send your story ideas to southeasttoday@ or WhatsApp us on 08081 002250. University of Kent The Canterbury Academy Trust Thousands of parents support under-14 phone ban Parents get forum to air smartphone access concerns
CNN
an hour ago
- CNN
This pinecone-sized device could transform the fight against wildfires
In the multibillion-dollar global fight against wildfires, early detection is critical. Satellites, drones, thermal cameras and manned lookout towers are just some of the tools currently used to alert authorities and first responders to imminent threats. In under-resourced areas, however, these defenses can be prohibitively expensive. That's why a group of recent design graduates has developed a smaller, simpler and, they say, cheaper solution: A pinecone-sized fire detector that can give vulnerable communities an invaluable head start in the race to escape or contain major blazes. Made primarily from wax and charcoal composites, Pyri's sensors are designed to blend in with — and leave no footprint on — the environment. The device can be deployed in fire-prone areas and left for years without maintenance, according to its creators. When a fire occurs, the heat melts an internal trigger, producing a low-frequency signal that raises the alarm. 'It can help people evacuate sooner, and it can stop fires from growing before they're uncontrollable — before they're really devastating,' Pyri co-founder Karina Gunadi told CNN in a video interview. 'If you can catch a fire small, it's a lot easier to put out.' Pyri started in London as a college assignment between four design engineering students, three of whom decided to pursue it as a commercial venture beyond their graduation last year. Their company's name comes from the scientific word 'pyriscence,' which describes the ways nature adapts to wildfires. As an example of a 'fire-dependent species,' Gunadi pointed to various types of pine tree that not only thrive in fire-prone areas — they need blazes to reproduce, as their seeds are only released when the resin sealing their pinecones melts in high heat. This idea directly influenced Gunadi and her fellow designers. 'What if we can be inspired by how nature already responds to fire, take that, use nature-based materials and create the simplest form of wildfire detection we can?' she said, recalling the genesis of the group's design. Pyri's pinecone-like appearance is also functional: The lightweight sensors' shape and ribbed structure helps protect them against impact, especially if deployed from the air when covering large or hard-to reach areas. But the designers also wanted them to escape the attention of passersby, whether human or animal. 'We've actually lost one in the environment. So, in terms of camouflage, we're doing maybe a little too well!' Gunadi joked. Another major challenge stems from the co-founders' commitment to non-toxic materials — especially when it comes to the electronics required to produce a signal. Although Pyri is not publicly detailing its trigger technology or disclosing its precise material composition (a patent application is pending), the designers looked to organic electronics and are avoiding rare earth metals and lithium-ion batteries. Once the devices 'burn up,' Gunadi wants to ensure they are 'not going to leave any negative impact on the environment.' Extreme wildfires are becoming more frequent globally, with fire seasons now longer, hotter and drier than before. Climate change is a major contributor, as drought and rising global temperatures make the infernos bigger, faster and harder to stop. This, in turn, may worsen the climate crisis. According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), wildfires were responsible for an estimated 6,687 megatons of carbon dioxide pollution in 2023 — seven times more than was emitted by global aviation that year. UNEP predicts a 30% increase in extreme fires by the end of 2050 — and a 50% increase by the end of the century. Major blazes are also occurring in places that have not, historically, been considered fire-prone, from America's eastern seaboard to Siberia, Russia. The impact of wildfires is, for Pyri's creators, personal. One of the company's co-founders, Richard Alexandre, hails from Brazil, where he witnessed first-hand the devastation of forest fires in Pantanal, a region that experienced a record-breaking number of blazes last summer. Gunadi, meanwhile, grew up in Palo Alto, California. She was living in San Francisco during the 2020 North Complex Fire that engulfed the city in smoke. 'I woke up and the sky was dark orange, and it was like that for days,' she recalled. 'That was really scary.' Wildfires spread at speeds of up to 14 miles per hour, so every minute counts. A 2020 study into early bushfire detection by the Australian National University found that a one-hour reduction in response time could reduce the frequency of large fires by 16%. Earlier this year, the outgoing Biden-Harris administration earmarked $15 million in funding to construct and deploy a 'new suite of fire weather observing systems' in high-risk US locations (though it is unclear what impact, if any, President Donald Trump's attempts to block funds associated with the bipartisan infrastructure law will have on these programs). Google, meanwhile, recently announced $13 million in funding for its FireSat initiative, which will use a 'constellation of satellites' to track fires as small as 5 square meters (54 square feet) using realtime images that refresh every 20 minutes. Pyri is by no means the only company developing simpler, on-the-ground sensor technology. Since 2019, the US Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) has been researching and trialing new wildfire detectors in collaboration with small businesses including Maryland-based N5 Sensors, which says it can detect ignition within five minutes, even if a fire is 'only a few square meters in size.' Traditionally, sensors have relied on optical cameras or thermal imaging that could 'see' the flames, but S&T says it hopes its new devices can 'sniff' gases or solid particles in the air. It is also using data from earlier trials to inform artificial intelligence algorithms used in its latest sensors. Pyri's designers are also looking to artificial intelligence: When one of their devices is triggered, AI can analyze available weather and satellite data to assess the likelihood that the signal was indeed the result of a wildfire. The number of devices required in any given area will depend greatly on the geography of the site, including topography and vegetation, Gunadi said, adding that 'fire dynamics are very complicated.' Pyri is hoping to sell a per-kilometer subscription package that bundle together sensors with installation and monitoring software. Declining to reveal the startup's future pricing, Gunadi said it is aiming for fees that are 'half the cost of our nearest competitor.' As such, Pyri hopes to target customers with fewer resources — whether that is money, skilled labor, infrastructure or time — to tackle wildfires. It aims to start with the forestry, agriculture and utility sectors in the US, but has fielded queries from around the world. Since graduating, Pyri's co-founders have been carrying out research and development and raising funds — including a £5,000 ($6,677) prize from winning a James Dyson Award, an international student design competition founded by the titular British inventor and Dyson founder. The company hopes to run small-scale tests and demonstrations later this year, with a view to operating larger pilots next year and launching commercially in 2027.
