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The Wire
27-06-2025
- Entertainment
- The Wire
On Love, Loss and Living in Kashmir
Loal Kashmir - Love and Longing in A Torn Land (2025), written by Kashmiri filmmaker and writer Mehak Jamal, is a poignant account of human suffering in the region. The book explores the inner lives of lovers and offers an emotional lens into how personal relationships are strained by a brutal conflict. Jamal's work highlights the resilience that ordinary people can exhibit in the face of repression and deception. As India and Pakistan stood on the brink of a full-blown war last month and Kashmir once again drew national and international attention, academic Bilal Gani spoke to Jamal about her book and the heavy physical and psychological toll the conflict is taking. This is an edited excerpt from their conversation, where Mehak talks about conflict in Kashmir, the vilification of Kashmiri lives under the rubric of hyper-nationalism and why Kashmir deserves an everlasting peace and dignified existence. Bilal Gani: The title uses the word 'Lōal,' a tender expression in Kashmiri. How important was it for you to root this book linguistically and emotionally in the Kashmiri experience? Mehak Jamal: It was certainly imperative since the book is about Kashmir and Kashmiris. Lōal in Kashmiri means love, affection and longing. The name Lōal Kashmir came to me much before I even started interviewing people, and I am glad I wasn't asked to change it later by my publishers for ease of understanding etc. A simple subtitle in the book's name does that job. I have used Kashmiri words, phrases and dialogues wherever possible in the book and they flow seamlessly into the prose. The book touches many facets of regular life in Kashmir, that roots it firmly in the place and culture. For a Kashmiri reader, I hope the book is an emotional and immersive read, and for someone not from the valley, I hope that they learn something new about the place and its people. Mehak Jamal, Loal Kashmir: Love and Longing in a Torn Land, Harper Collins (2025) Bilal Gani: Many of the lovers in your stories live under the constant threat of curfews, raids and surveillance. How did you manage to portray such vulnerability without losing the dignity and agency of your characters? Mehak Jamal: The credit for the vulnerability exhibited by the characters lies solely with the contributors who were willing to open up their hearts and lives to me. They were authentic and unabashed in the telling of their own stories, and that's what creates these layers and nuance that you see in the book. For most of the contributors, as for most Kashmiris, living under these constant threats has become a part of life – with a mixture of uneasiness and indifference. They have learnt to act and adapt to the most volatile of circumstances. This is nothing to be proud of. But in these stories, you discover the kind of agency that the characters exhibit in the most dire of times. This need and urgency to reach out to a loved one, to know that they are okay, is an understandable and universal emotion. But in Kashmir, where there may be an elevated anxiety attached to the same, there's all the more reason for these lovers to out seek each other – to search for 'their constant' in uncertain times. Bilal Gani: You explore how love in Kashmir is shaped, and often stifled, by the long shadow of conflict. In what ways do you think love becomes a form of resistance in such environments? Mehak Jamal: The Kashmir conflict is a long enduring one and Kashmiris have been living through it and feeling its repercussions for decades. In a place like this, almost every facet of life is affected by the conflict in some way or other, and love is no different. That people love and want to be loved is a given, in any place. Kashmir is no different. But when the conflict takes precedence in the documentation of the place, as it should, what falls through the cracks are the lived experiences of the conflict. Lōal Kashmir chooses to look at a small part of these experiences, those of love and longing. In these 16 stories, ranging from the 1990s to the 2020s, we see a myriad of different narratives about lōal in Kashmir. Though these stories span decades, the ways in which people carry out their love – equal parts cautious and equal parts unfettered – is an intriguing thing to observe. In times of turmoil, loving someone is no less than a form of revolt, a form of resistance. Because what you are saying is that – you can silence our voices, but not our love. Bilal Gani: Edward Said says that an intellectual in exile is often best positioned to understand the complexity of conflict at home. You are a Kashmiri but live in Mumbai. How did you reconcile the two and which identity weighed most heavy on you while writing this book. Mehak Jamal: I'm not sure if the statement pertains to me entirely, since I do divide my time between Kashmir and Mumbai. But I can attempt to explore this for myself. I had not been home in Kashmir in 2019 during [reading down of Article 370] the communication blockade. Like many Kashmiris outside, I was scrambling for bits of information from home and feeling helpless and alone. Kashmir was in the news but the voices from Kashmir were choked. I was immediately struck by how important it was to document that time, to understand the ground reality and how the inner lives of the people were affected. Maybe for someone living through that time on the ground, this may have felt unimportant. But I felt that collective public memory was the key to make that period undeniable, especially when most narratives pertaining to it were skewed. Mahak Jamal. Photo: Author provided. Thus, Lōal Kashmir came to me a year after the abrogation. It was in 2020, when I was home in Kashmir during the pandemic, when I decided to start this project and began interviewing people. Maybe, through the process, I was trying to document the time that I had myself spent in Kashmir, as well as exploring those parts of history and the recent events that I knew little about or had not found accounts of. The two parts of my identity – the one at home and the one way from it – came together in crafting this book Bilal Gani: For decades, the Kashmiri identity has been eclipsed by the clashing tides of Indian and Pakistani nationalisms. Your book attempts to restore a human lens by making love – a delicate and deeply human emotion – its central theme. How important is it to humanise this conflict? Mehak Jamal: There is a human cost to any conflict and we are reminded of this in Kashmir time and again. So many different wars and skirmishes have been fought between the two warring nations, and the people of the J&K face the brunt of it. Though both the nations lay claim on the territory and it is the basis of the conflict between them, how regular Kashmiris live and survive is not explored or questioned by them. The representation of Kashmir and Kashmiris in popular news and media is enough to make this point. When authentic narratives from a place are missing, they create further dissonance in a region that is already misunderstood. Lōal Kashmir is the tip of the iceberg to understand how Kashmiris live, love and go on. There is much more to document, explore and learn to understand the human side of the Kashmir conflict. Bilal Gani: During the recent military confrontation between India and Pakistan, people in the volatile border areas have faced death and been forced into displacement. Are their lives as precarious as those of the characters in your book? Mehak Jamal: The recent skirmishes between the nations shows that the people from this region are seen as dispensable. Many people living in Uri, Poonch and other areas around the Line of Control and the international border lost their loved ones as well as faced damage or loss of their property. This is deemed as 'collateral damage' and there has barely been any public outcry or outrage about it. I would say that the lives of these people are more precarious than many of the characters in my book. Though there are characters in the book who find themselves in difficult circumstances and are sometimes saved from a volatile situation by a whisker, I think it would be insensitive to compare them. Bilal Gani is an academic and freelance writer, based in Kashmir. The Wire is now on WhatsApp. Follow our channel for sharp analysis and opinions on the latest developments.
Indian Express
28-05-2025
- Business
- Indian Express
To get back to normalcy after the Pahalgam attack, J&K needs a tourism boost
Written by Bilal Gani and Ummar Jamal The brutal attack on tourists in Pahalgam last month has dealt a severe blow to the tourism industry in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). One of the deadliest assaults on civilians in the region in recent years, this attack stands out not only for its violence but also for specifically targeting those who have long been the backbone of J&K's tourism economy. Further, the mainstream television media's aggressive and vilifying campaign, portraying the Kashmiri population as complicit in the violence, has had lasting repercussions on an already vulnerable industry — exacerbating the economic challenges faced by the region. After agriculture and horticulture, tourism is one of the major economic activities in the region. Allied sectors like handicrafts, handlooms and transport are heavily dependent on tourism as they have limited access to the outside market. Tourism contributes over Rs 10,000 crore to the Union Territory's economy, with more than 30 lakh Kashmiris directly involved in this sector. Since 2019, tourism has been one of the major indicators of the central government's normalcy narrative, which has encouraged people to visit Kashmir. The favourable outcome of that narrative is that more than 9.2 million tourists have visited Kashmir over the past six years. The unprecedented surge in tourist footfall has led to at least 5 lakh tourist arrivals in the first quarter of 2025, which was expected to boost the local economy and raise hopes for a vibrant season ahead. However, in the immediate aftermath of the attack, tourists rushed to flee the valley. Pre-booked stays and tours were cancelled, crippling businesses across key tourist destinations. Airfares soared sharply, prompting the Minister for Civil Aviation, Ram Mohan Naidu, to instruct airlines to avoid fare surges. According to the Pahalgam Hotels and Owners Association (PHOA), hotel occupancy in Pahalgam — home to more than 1,500 hotels — has plummeted to just 10 per cent. As a result, hundreds of employees have been laid off in the region. The situation elsewhere in the valley is no better. The Jammu and Kashmir government had shut down 48 of the 87 tourist destinations across Kashmir as a precautionary measure. Popular spots like Doodhpathri, Kokernag, Duksum, Sinthan Top, Aharbal, Bangus Valley, Margan Top, Tosamaidan, Kousarnag, Habba Khatoon Point, and Ringawali Tangmarg have been declared off-limits to tourists. The closure has left tour operators, transporters, and small business owners anxious, with many fearing a complete washout of the peak tourist season. In an effort to rebuild confidence and revive tourism, Chief Minister Omar Abdullah and his cabinet decided to temporarily shift out of Srinagar and hold meetings in Pahalgam and Gulmarg. On May 27, the J&K Cabinet, along with top civil and police officials, held its meeting not at the usual civil secretariat in Srinagar but at a resort in Pahalgam. While hoteliers and others associated with the tourism industry welcomed the move, more concrete measures are needed to restore the flow of tourists and rebuild livelihoods. One of the most damaging setbacks came from the way Kashmiris were portrayed in sections of the Indian mainstream media after the Pahalgam attack. Sensationalist and negative coverage reinforced harmful stereotypes, casting suspicion over an entire population. This media-driven fear has made it difficult for many tourists to feel secure about visiting Kashmir, even when the actual situation on the ground has turned stable. Undoing this narrative must be the first step. A correction in the national narrative is essential, through responsible journalism, fact-based reporting, and persistent efforts to showcase the warmth, hospitality, and resilience of the Kashmiri people. Rebuilding trust requires an honest portrayal of reality. Equally important are confidence-building measures on the ground. Regular visits by top officials to key tourist destinations can signal political stability and safety. Targeted assurance campaigns and a visible government presence in tourist areas can help change perceptions. Swift restoration of tourism infrastructure is also necessary. Popular destinations should be reopened in phases after comprehensive security evaluations. Financial support is key to reviving livelihoods. Hoteliers, transporters, guides, and shikara owners affected by the recent crisis need immediate relief through interest-free loans, subsidies, or compensation packages. Lastly, local communities must be actively involved in tourism planning. Their participation not only ensures that economic benefits reach the grassroots but also fosters a sense of ownership and accountability that is vital for long-term sustainability. Gani teaches Politics at Government Degree College, Beerwah, Jammu and Kashmir. Jamal is Kashmir-based lawyer and columnist
