Latest news with #IIST
India.com
2 days ago
- Science
- India.com
Scientists Crack Star-Birthing Mystery: Indian Team First To Measure Magnetism Near Infant Massive Star
For the first time in the world, a groundbreaking study led by researchers at the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST), Thiruvananthapuram, has directly detected and measured magnetic fields near an infant massive star, a discovery that could revolutionise our understanding of how stars and galaxies form. Massive stars, those more than 8 to 10 times the mass of our Sun, have long baffled astrophysicists. Their formation process remained largely theoretical, especially because measuring magnetism around such nascent giants was nearly impossible, until now. A Peek Into Star-Birthing Nurseries The study focused on a massive protostar named IRAS 18162-2048, situated 4,500 light years away. Using cutting-edge data from the Karl G Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in the US, the team observed a rare phenomenon: circularly polarised radio emissions. This form of emission is a telltale marker of magnetic fields. Thanks to this detection, the researchers were able to measure the magnetic field in the star's immediate surroundings, finding it to be between 20-35 Gauss, which is about 100 times stronger than Earth's magnetic field. Why This Matters? This is a landmark achievement in astrophysics. Previously, such magnetic fields had only been inferred or observed in low-mass protostars, like those that form stars similar to our Sun. But this study shows that even massive stars may follow similar magnetic pathways during formation, suggesting a universal mechanism behind star births. Dr Sarita Vig, the lead scientist from IIST who conceptualised the study, emphasised its importance: 'These magnetic field values are now scientifically measured from near the protostar, unlike earlier studies that relied on theoretical models.' Proving a Universal Theory The findings also support a long-standing theory in astrophysics, that jets seen erupting from stars and black holes are all powered by the same magnetic engine. 'This is the first strong evidence that jet formation physics is universal, whether it's a young star or a distant black hole,' said Amal George Cheriyan, a PhD researcher at IIST and co-author of the paper. Global Collaboration The work was a joint effort between IIST and leading institutions including the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), and Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina). Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, this pioneering research not only solves a decades-old cosmic puzzle but also opens new paths to explore how magnetic forces influence the birth and evolution of galaxies.
New Indian Express
4 days ago
- Science
- New Indian Express
Study sheds light on formation of stars, galaxies
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: Massive protostars in our galaxy, that would later evolve to have mass of over 8-10 times that of the Sun, have remained an enigma for astrophysicists for decades. For the first time in the world, a team of researchers at the Indian Institute of Space Science & Technology (IIST), Thiruvananthapuram, in association with international scientists, have detected and measured magnetism near an infant massive star. The finding opens an exciting window into the understanding of how massive stars form, which later go on to shape entire galaxies. A protostar is the earliest known stage of a star that is beginning to form. The study was carried out on protostar IRAS 18162-2048, located 4,500 light years away using the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's Karl G Jansky Very Large Array in the US. 'The Astrophysical Journal Letters' brought out by the American Astronomical Society has published the study in detail. The researchers detected radio emission, with a special property known as circular polarisation near IRAS 18162-2048. The emission offers the first direct clue to the strength of magnetic fields in the immediate surroundings of a forming massive star. While strong magnetic fields have been observed earlier in low-mass protostars that go on to form stars like the Sun, measuring such fields around massive protostars has been a tough task until now. The new data allowed researchers to infer the magnetic field near the protostar to be about 20-35 Gauss, roughly 100 times stronger than Earth's magnetic field.
The Hindu
4 days ago
- Science
- The Hindu
IIST team discovers radio emission with circular polarisation near a massive young protostar
An international team led by astronomers from the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) here has discovered radio emission with a special property known as circular polarisation near a massive young protostar that is still forming about 4,500 light years from earth. [Protostar refers to the earliest known stage of a star when it is still accumulating gas and dust material from its surroundings.] The discovery linked to IRAS 18162-2048, a massive protostar in the Milky Way galaxy, opens an exciting window into scientists' understanding of how massive stars form, astronomers at the IIST said on Thursday. Circular polarisation occurs when electric and magnetic field vectors of electromagnetic waves—in this case radio waves—rotate in a circle about the direction in which the waves travel through space. This emission offers the first direct clue to the strength of magnetic fields in the immediate neighbourhood of a protostar, they said. The findings have been published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters under the title 'First Detection of Circular Polarization in Radio Continuum Toward a Massive Protostar.' In the early stage, the protostar can also eject high-velocity material in opposite directions, known as a bipolar jet. 'Massive protostars' evolve to have mass more than 8 to 10 times that of the Sun. Protostellar jets According to the astronomers, IRAS 18162-2048 powers one of the largest and brightest known protostellar jets in the Milky Way, the HH80-81 jet. It is believed that the magnetic field and rotation in the protostellar system are responsible for the ejection of the jet. While a magnetic field has been imaged from the jet earlier, this is the first time that hints of it have been detected directly from this massive protostar, according to the IIST. Strong magnetic fields have been observed earlier in low-mass protostars that go on to form stars like the Sun. But measuring such fields around massive protostars has remained elusive, until now. Much harder to study 'Massive protostars are much harder to study. The circular polarisation we are looking for is very faint and sporadic, making such measurements very challenging,' Amal George Cheriyan from the IIST, lead author of the paper, said in a statement. The radio observations were carried out using the National Radio Astronomy Observatory's (NRAO) Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in the U.S. 'This is the first inference of the magnetic field strength using circular polarisation in radio waves from a massive protostar,' said Sarita Vig of the IIST who conceptualised the work. Remarkable result 'The detection of circular polarisation is an exceptionally rare and challenging feat even in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), where conditions are extreme, but better investigated,' Nirupam Roy from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, said. Samir Mandal of the IIST noted that observing the phenomenon in the environment of a massive protostar, which lies buried in dense gas and dust, is even more difficult, making this result remarkable. The new data has allowed researchers to infer that the magnetic field near the protostar is roughly 100 times stronger than the Earth's magnetic field. They also support a long-standing theory that powerful jets from stars and black holes are driven by the same magnetic engine.
The Hindu
7 days ago
- Science
- The Hindu
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology researchers gear up to study seeds that were sent to space
With Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla and the rest of the Axiom-4 crew expected back on earth on Tuesday, the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) here is preparing for post-flight field studies using the crop seeds that were sent to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard the high-profile mission. Post-flight studies will be conducted in collaboration with the Kerala Agricultural University (KAU), which released the seeds for the project, according to IIST sources. Seeds of Jyothi and Uma rice varieties, Kanakamani (horse gram), Vellayani Vijay (tomato), Thilakathara (sesame) and Soorya (brinjal/eggplant) were sent to the ISS under the 'Crop Seeds on ISS', a project spearheaded by the IIST's Space Biology Lab. The IIST officials said they expected the seeds to reach Thiruvananthapuram within a few days. The biology payload consisted of dry seeds that were packed and exposed to microgravity conditions on the ISS and returned to earth. Back on earth, the space-returned samples will be grown to assess the unique effects of microgravity on growth and yield parameters and how it will be manifested in growth. Comparative studies will be carried out using three sets of samples under different conditions. The 'Crop Seeds on ISS' project was the result of multi-level memorandums of understanding between the ISRO and the European Space Agency, the ISRO's Human Spaceflight Centre (HSFC) and the IIST, and the IIST and the KAU. IIST Vice- Chancellor Dipankar Banerjee and HSFC Director D.K. Singh had inked an MoU in this regard in May. K.G. Sreejalakshmi, Professor, IIST, is the Principal Investigator of the project.
New Indian Express
26-06-2025
- Science
- New Indian Express
Indian astronaut Shubhanshu to experiment with Kerala-developed seeds in space
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM: As India's Shubhanshu Shukla, along with three other astronauts, headed to the International Space Station (ISS) as part of the Axiom-4 mission on Wednesday, he has taken along with him six varieties of seeds developed exclusively in Kerala, along with other specimens, for conducting various experiments in space. The main aim of the experiment with seeds is to examine how space conditions such as micro-gravity impact the germination, growth, and viability of food crop seeds. Since the conditions in the ISS are limited, the experiment would identify factors that can help in the development of crops in restricted environments. The experiment is the brainchild of the Thiruvananthapuram-based Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, (IIST), established by ISRO. The seeds were developed by Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) in its various centres. The European Space Agency has also partnered in the project for its technical aspects.
