Latest news with #MaritaJacob
Forbes
24-06-2025
- Health
- Forbes
3 Meaningful Reasons Why People Choose Parenthood, By A Psychologist
While parenthood can be challenging, many parents find greater purpose in their choice, according to ... More new research. Here's why. Parenting is no easy feat. It takes years of physical and mental effort and financial means to raise children. Why then, do many people continue to choose to have children if it does not necessarily boost life satisfaction? New research, using data from 30 European countries, published in the Journal of Marriage and Family shows that this decision has more to do with the meaning it contributes to our lives than how happy it makes us. This finding held true in the study, regardless of gender, social and national backgrounds. In my recent interview with the lead authors of the study — Ansgar Hudde and Marita Jacob from the Department of Sociology and Social Psychology at the University of Cologne, Germany — it became clear that life satisfaction is not the only outcome worth considering when it comes to parenting. 'Parenthood contributes to meaning for all groups, no matter how intense their parenting is or how challenging their circumstances,' the authors said. It's not as though parenthood cannot be satisfying, but it depends on how demanding the experience is. 'For fathers, on average, parenting is less intense and comes with lower burdens in terms of time, physical and emotional energy than for mothers,' the authors explain, highlighting how gender roles can impact life satisfaction as a parent. Here are three reasons why, despite its challenges, parenthood can enhance parents' meaning in life, according to the study. 1. They Can Focus On A Hopeful Future Parenthood is future-oriented. Parents may have to go through sleepless nights to look after their toddlers, change diapers day in and day out and face daily tantrums, but they're willing to endure these challenges to give their children a good life. Parents gain meaning from the difficulty of their sacrifices, if they feel purposeful. They may be willing to raise someone who can thrive in life by investing significant time, energy and resources in them with the hope of a good outcome. For instance, parents may set aside a savings account for their children's college education, even if they are juggling multiple jobs and trying to cope with daily stress and exhaustion. They may have to endure temporary pain, perhaps cut back on non-essential and even essential spending. But the act in itself carries meaning, so they may still see it as a hopeful sacrifice. Prior research has found that living with children can reduce life satisfaction for individuals with challenging circumstances, such as single parents, those with a lower socioeconomic status or residents of countries lacking supportive policies. Even then, they find a strong sense of meaning in the act of parenting. This suggests that life satisfaction is situational, whereas meaning is tied to future aspirations. 'We would expect that the 'meaning premium' is greatest during the very first period after childbirth, but that some portion remains for life,' the authors noted. There may be times when the responsibilities parents hold weigh heavier than their sense of purpose, but their long-term goal of raising their child appears to remain a steady source of meaning. 2. Parenthood Is Oriented Toward Giving, Not Receiving Life satisfaction is more closely linked to having one's needs met, to one's current well-being and hedonic happiness. In contrast, meaning in life involves having a sense of purpose and recognizing that one's actions contribute to something greater than oneself. Hedonic happiness may come from enjoyable experiences, such as vacations and parties, but meaning in life comes from being able to give back to society, which increases our sense of connection to others, strengthens our sense of self and the values we stand for. It also makes us feel like we are part of something bigger. The latter is the case for parenting. Parents are aware that their children need and depend on them for their emotional and physical needs. This heightens their sense of significance. The bond they have with their children gives them a sense of belonging and emotional connection. For family-oriented people, parenting also aligns with their core identity and values. But is it possible that individuals with a stronger sense of meaning are more likely to become parents in the first place? 'With the data we use — a large, cross-sectional study from many European countries — we cannot entirely rule out that people with a stronger sense of meaning are more likely to become parents in the first place,' the authors said, though they have another ongoing study to test this directly. 3. Other Goals Can Feel More Meaningful As A Result Of Parenting Parents may find additional meaning in goals that aren't necessarily related to parenting. For instance, they may hold onto a job they find repetitive, stressful or uninspiring. While it may not be enjoyable on a day-to-day basis, it can still be deeply meaningful for many parents because of what it represents, rather than what it feels like. Jobs held by individuals from higher socioeconomic backgrounds often offer more opportunities to find or experience meaning in the workplace. 'People with higher socioeconomic status typically receive greater societal recognition, so they're more likely to have society reflect back that what they do has purpose and meaning,' the authors note. Such individuals may also have the option to quit or take a break from work — an option people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may not have. They may be forced to stick to jobs they are unhappy with. However, if their job helps them provide for their children, it gives them a reason to work. They feel the onus of responsibility and the need to contribute to the financial wellbeing of their family. Childrearing also serves as a buffer against existential anxiety. It keeps parents rethinking their purpose in life, because taking care of their children often becomes their primary purpose. However, parenting is not the only path to seeking meaning in life. The authors suggest that non-parents can also find greater purpose elsewhere, by finding meaningful opportunities in their work, for instance, in caregiving and teaching professions, or from volunteering. 'Such activities could be particularly powerful when they serve people who are especially in need: children from challenging family circumstances, the sick and poor, or people experiencing loneliness. Overall, there are countless ways we can contribute to something beyond ourselves,' the researchers explain. As for parents, they also deserve all the support they can get. While happiness may not be what drives them, it is possible to experience both meaning and happiness in parenthood, should you choose it. Are the challenges of parenthood getting to you? Take this science-backed test to learn more: Parental Burnout Assessment
Free Malaysia Today
10-06-2025
- Health
- Free Malaysia Today
Why parents may have a greater sense of appreciation for life
Parenthood doesn't guarantee happiness, but it can offer meaning and a sense of direction in life. (Rawpixel pic) PARIS : Parenthood is frequently perceived as an essential step towards personal fulfilment. Behind this tenacious myth lies a more nuanced reality – having children doesn't necessarily make you happier, but it may well make life more meaningful, according to a major European study published in the Journal of Marriage and Family. Conducted by Ansgar Hudde and Marita Jacob, researchers at the University of Cologne, this sociological survey is based on the responses of over 43,000 Europeans from 30 countries. The experts aimed to identify the effects of parenthood on the two pillars of well-being: life satisfaction, and the feeling of leading a meaningful life. They found that being a parent doesn't systematically make people happier, especially over the long term. On the other hand, it does profoundly alter people's perception of their own existence. 'Previous debates about parenthood have focused too much on happiness and satisfaction,' Hudde explained. 'Our study shows that people who have children are not automatically happier, but they are more likely to feel that their own lives are meaningful and valuable.' However, the relationship between parenthood and life satisfaction varies in relation to social circumstances. Mothers from modest backgrounds have a lower level of life satisfaction than women from equivalent socioeconomic backgrounds without children. On the other hand, this difference is much less pronounced among women from wealthier backgrounds. As for men, the parental factor seems to carry little weight in life satisfaction, regardless of social background. When it comes to finding meaning in life, however, boundaries blur. Whether men or women, rich or poor, parents are more likely to say their existence has value. This sense of meaning transcends borders and social circumstances. And under certain conditions, happiness and meaning can go hand in hand. This is typically the case in Nordic countries, where family policies and institutional support enable parents to reconcile personal fulfilment and parenthood. 'The results show that good societal conditions can make both things possible: meaning and satisfaction,' Hudde stressed. Among other major findings, the researchers reported that the birth of a first child triggers a peak in satisfaction – which is short-lived. On the other hand, the feeling of having a meaningful life takes hold for good. It's a reminder that, while parenthood doesn't guarantee happiness, it can offer a sense of direction; a reason for being that can help us withstand the ups and downs of life.
Time of India
04-06-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Parents experience greater meaning in life, study confirms
Representative Image (AI-generated) I once heard someone say, "Having a child is like outsourcing a vital organ that runs around outside all by itself and climbs trees." Having a child is as fascinating and meaningful as it can also be worrying and exhausting. A new study on parental satisfaction confirms this apparent contradiction. Compared to people who are childfree , parents feel their lives are more fulfilled. However, parents are not more satisfied with their lives than non-parents. On the contrary: they are often more dissatisfied. These are the findings of the sociologists Marita Jacob and Ansgar Hudde from the University of Cologne , published this month in the specialist Journal of Marriage and Family. The researchers based their study on data from the European Social Survey, which had more than 43,000 respondents from 30 countries. Jacob and Hudde determined that, regardless of nationality or social status, both mothers and fathers felt that their lives had a deeper meaning. Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Start Here - 2025 Top Trend Local network access control Esseps Learn More Undo But the same was not true of their satisfaction with their lives. This depended to a large extent not only on the respondent's living situation, but also on family policy in their country. And the difference was gendered: Mothers' life satisfaction levels were lower than those of fathers. Scandinavia: Hardly any difference between parents and childfree: "Parents in challenging life situations are less satisfied," says Marita Jacob, a sociology professor at the University of Cologne. Challenging might mean, for example, that they are a single parent, young, with low educational qualifications. Hardly surprising, you might think, that they are less satisfied. But Jacob says it is not inevitable. "In Scandinavian countries , the differences between social groups are far less pronounced," she says. In these countries, the difference in life satisfaction between parents and child-free people is also far less than, for example, in central and eastern Europe. Childcare, financial support for parents, parental leave — these family policy measures work very well in the Scandinavian countries, says Jacob. "My speculation is that these measures impact on society as a whole, meaning that children are not seen solely as their parents' problem, but as a responsibility for the community as a whole." This attitude is also reflected in Scandinavian business culture, Jacob says. She explains that it is more normal there for parents to start and leave work early, as well as for important meetings to be scheduled around the rhythm of family life. Greater gender equality leads to greater satisfaction: Family life is still primarily taken care of by women. In Germany, one in two women reduces her working hours in order to be able to look after her children. Just under 6 per cent of German men who work part-time do so for family reasons. The majority of parental leave in Germany is also taken by mothers. Another factor that may help to explain why parents in Finland are more satisfied than parents in Germany is gender equality. Equal pay in the Scandinavian countries, and a smaller gender pay gap as a result, means women there are more satisfied, says Jacob. She adds that this also has positive effects on the partnership, and thus also on the family. "A child is not a project you can manage all by yourself": Marita Jacob says that when her children were small, she banded together with other parents. "We would each always pick up several children from the kindergarten." Anyone who has small children knows that an extra half-hour, or half an hour less, can absolutely determine whether or not the day will end in a nervous breakdown. This is why Jacob recommends that parents should not only offer each other more support, but should also accept it when offered. Children are important — not only to counterbalance our ageing society, which won't be able to look after all its senior citizens without a young generation. As Marita Jacob stresses: "Children also have intrinsic value. They bring liveliness, new ideas and innovations to society." This is why the sociologist believes that the bulk of the responsibility for them lies with policymakers. "Children shouldn't be their parents' problem when childcare is unreliable or there are problems with the school," she says. "Children are the responsibility of society as a whole."
DW
02-06-2025
- General
- DW
Parents experience greater meaning in life, study confirms – DW – 06/01/2025
A new study confirms what many parents already knew: children give life meaning. The price that parents pay is lower life satisfaction, especially for mothers — but some countries fare better than others. I once heard someone say, "Having a child is like outsourcing a vital organ that runs around outside all by itself and climbs trees." Having a child is as fascinating and meaningful as it can also be worrying and exhausting. A new study on parental satisfaction confirms this apparent contradiction. Compared to people who are childfree, parents feel their lives are more fulfilled. However, parents are not more satisfied with their lives than non-parents. On the contrary: they are often more dissatisfied. These are the findings of the sociologists Marita Jacob and Ansgar Hudde from the University of Cologne, published this month in the specialist Journal of Marriage and Family. The researchers based their study on data from the European Social Survey, which had more than 43,000 respondents from 30 countries. Are kids in Germany really more independent? To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Jacob and Hudde determined that, regardless of nationality or social status, both mothers and fathers felt that their lives had a deeper meaning. But the same was not true of their satisfaction with their lives. This depended to a large extent not only on the respondent's living situation, but also on family policy in their country. And the difference was gendered: Mothers' life satisfaction levels were lower than those of fathers. Scandinavia: Hardly any difference between parents and childfree "Parents in challenging life situations are less satisfied," says Marita Jacob, a sociology professor at the University of Cologne. Challenging might mean, for example, that they are a single parent, young, with low educational qualifications. Hardly surprising, you might think, that they are less satisfied. But Jacob says it is not inevitable. "In Scandinavian countries, the differences between social groups are far less pronounced," she says. In these countries, the difference in life satisfaction between parents and child-free people is also far less than, for example, in central and eastern Europe. Childcare, financial support for parents, parental leave — these family policy measures work very well in the Scandinavian countries, says Jacob. "My speculation is that these measures impact on society as a whole, meaning that children are not seen solely as their parents' problem, but as a responsibility for the community as a whole." This attitude is also reflected in Scandinavian business culture, Jacob says. She explains that it is more normal there for parents to start and leave work early, as well as for important meetings to be scheduled around the rhythm of family life. Greater gender equality leads to greater satisfaction Family life is still primarily taken care of by women. In Germany, one in two women reduces her working hours in order to be able to look after her children. Just under 6% of German men who work part-time do so for family reasons. The majority of parental leave in Germany is also taken by mothers. Egg donation in Europe — going abroad for a baby , To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Another factor that may help to explain why parents in Finland are more satisfied than parents in Germany is gender pay in the Scandinavian countries, and a smaller gender pay gap as a result, means women there are more satisfied, says Jacob. She adds that this also has positive effects on the partnership, and thus also on the family. "A child is not a project you can manage all by yourself" Marita Jacob says that when her children were small, she banded together with other parents. "We would each always pick up several children from the kindergarten." Anyone who has small children knows that an extra half-hour, or half an hour less, can absolutely determine whether or not the day will end in a nervous breakdown. This is why Jacob recommends that parents should not only offer each other more support, but should also accept it when offered. Children are important — not only to counterbalance our ageing society, which won't be able to look after all its senior citizens without a young generation. As Marita Jacob stresses: "Children also have intrinsic value. They bring liveliness, new ideas and innovations to society." This is why the sociologist believes that the bulk of the responsibility for them lies with policymakers. "Children shouldn't be their parents' problem when childcare is unreliable ,or there are problems with the school," she says. "Children are the responsibility of society as a whole." This article has been translated from German.
DW
01-06-2025
- General
- DW
Parenthood in Europe: Less life satisfaction, more meaning – DW – 06/01/2025
A new study confirms what many parents already knew: Children give life meaning. The price that parents pay is lower life satisfaction, especially for mothers — but some countries fare better than others. I once heard someone say, "Having a child is like outsourcing a vital organ that runs around outside all by itself and climbs trees." Having a child is as fascinating and meaningful as it can also be worrying and exhausting. A new study on parental satisfaction confirms this apparent contradiction. Compared to people who are childfree, parents feel their lives are more fulfilled. However, parents are not more satisfied with their lives than non-parents. On the contrary: they are often more dissatisfied. These are the findings of the sociologists Marita Jacob and Ansgar Hudde from the University of Cologne, published this month in the specialist Journal of Marriage and Family. The researchers based their study on data from the European Social Survey, which had more than 43,000 respondents from 30 countries. Are kids in Germany really more independent? To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Jacob and Hudde determined that, regardless of nationality or social status, both mothers and fathers felt that their lives had a deeper meaning. But the same was not true of their satisfaction with their lives. This depended to a large extent not only on the respondent's living situation, but also on family policy in their country. And the difference was gendered: Mothers' life satisfaction levels were lower than those of fathers. Scandinavia: Hardly any difference between parents and childfree "Parents in challenging life situations are less satisfied," says Marita Jacob, a sociology professor at the University of Cologne. Challenging might mean, for example, that they are a single parent, young, with low educational qualifications. Hardly surprising, you might think, that they are less satisfied. But Jacob says it is not inevitable. "In Scandinavian countries, the differences between social groups are far less pronounced," she says. In these countries, the difference in life satisfaction between parents and child-free people is also far less than, for example, in central and eastern Europe. Childcare, financial support for parents, parental leave — these family policy measures work very well in the Scandinavian countries, says Jacob. "My speculation is that these measures impact on society as a whole, meaning that children are not seen solely as their parents' problem, but as a responsibility for the community as a whole." This attitude is also reflected in Scandinavian business culture, Jacob says. She explains that it is more normal there for parents to start and leave work early, as well as for important meetings to be scheduled around the rhythm of family life. Greater gender equality leads to greater satisfaction Family life is still primarily taken care of by women. In Germany, one in two women reduces her working hours in order to be able to look after her children. Just under 6% of German men who work part-time do so for family reasons. The majority of parental leave in Germany is also taken by mothers. Egg donation in Europe — going abroad for a baby , To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a web browser that supports HTML5 video Another factor that may help to explain why parents in Finland are more satisfied than parents in Germany is gender pay in the Scandinavian countries, and a smaller gender pay gap as a result, means women there are more satisfied, says Jacob. She adds that this also has positive effects on the partnership, and thus also on the family. "A child is not a project you can manage all by yourself" Marita Jacob says that when her children were small, she banded together with other parents. "We would each always pick up several children from the kindergarten." Anyone who has small children knows that an extra half-hour, or half an hour less, can absolutely determine whether or not the day will end in a nervous breakdown. This is why Jacob recommends that parents should not only offer each other more support, but should also accept it when offered. Children are important — not only to counterbalance our ageing society, which won't be able to look after all its senior citizens without a young generation. As Marita Jacob stresses: "Children also have intrinsic value. They bring liveliness, new ideas and innovations to society." This is why the sociologist believes that the bulk of the responsibility for them lies with policymakers. "Children shouldn't be their parents' problem when childcare is unreliable ,or there are problems with the school," she says. "Children are the responsibility of society as a whole." This article has been translated from German.
