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BBC News
23-06-2025
- Politics
- BBC News
Cape Town gangs wey dey recruit small-small children into di gangs
Di father wey still dey in shock lie down on one small single bed and e point to two bullet holes for di wall of im house. Dis na clear evidence of di moment wey destroy im family life forever. Dem shoot Devon Africa four-year-old son, Davin, for February, e bin dey di middle of one crossfire shoot-out between criminals. E be victim of di gang warfare wey dey disturb Cape Flats, di towns around Cape Town – di area na legacy of apartheid, wen dem force non-white population comot from di centre of di wealthy city go di under-resourced outskirts. "Dis na di bullet hole here," e tok. "Dis na wia e sleep." Di family bin already don endure unspeakable horror. Davin older sister, Kelly Amber, die two years earlier, dem shoot am too as rivals fire gun at each oda. She be 12. Now, na only one pikin remain for Devon and im wife, Undean, dia youngest daughter. "She ask me: 'Wia my brother dey?" Undean tok. "So I tell her say e dey wit Jesus for daddy heart and for my heart." These murders happun for one area known as Wesbank, but many oda families across di wider Cape Flats area don at one time endure similar nightmares, despite assurances by di police say dem go increase patrols. Di numbers tell horrifying story. Di Western Cape province – wia di Cape Flats dey - consistently see majority of gang-related murders for South Africa, according to di police. Officially, dis na policing priority for di government. President Cyril Ramaphosa set up one special unit to fight gang violence for 2018, e also briefly deploy army to di area di following year, but di problem no stop, and di killings continue. "Whole history and generations of pipo wey dem born into these gangs dey," Gareth Newham, head of di Justice and Violence Prevention programme for di Institute for Security Studies for Johannesburg. "[Dem] flourish for areas wey di state don abandon or areas wey dey underdeveloped. Di gangs dey provide a form of social structure wey dey provide services to di communities wey di state no dey do anytin for. Dem dey provide food for homes. Money for electricity. Money for transport or funerals. These gangs even dey pay school fees." Dem dey among di pipo for di community and "dat na why e dey very difficult for di police to tackle dem… e mean say dem fit use non-gang members' houses to store drugs and store weapons". But pipo dey wey dey try tackle di issue. Fifteen kilometres (nine miles) away from Wesbank na Hanover Park wia Pastor Craven Engel dey glued to im mobile phone almost all day, every day in im quest for peace. Im mission na to mediate in gang conflicts to stop dis violence and di killings, wey profitable trade in drugs dey ginger. Im and im team dey try follow one basic formula: detection, interruption and changing mindsets. "Hanover Park no really get any economy to tok of," Pastor Engel. "Most of di economy na from di drug culture. Dat na di biggest economy." Pastor Engel say dem no fit overlook di impact of di apartheid for di area but neither can generational trauma - manifested as drug addiction and then family breakdown. "Di substance [drug] create unemployment, di substance create robbery, e create gang fights sake of turfs. So, di substance dey di middle of so many of di atrocities within di community," Pastor Engel tok. E estimate say around 70% of local children wey dey there dey live wit some kind of addiction. Dis community of around 50,000 pipo gatz endure shootings and stabbings almost daily. And most time, na young pipo dey do di killing and na dem dey die. "Di policing approach alone no fit solve di problem bicos you fit arrest pipo bicos dem be members of di members, for having guns and for shootings and murders. Dem go go prison, but then, younger members go replace dem. And dat dey create a whole different set of problems. E dey likely say dem go get into fights ova territory and turf," Mr Newham tok. "How dem dey shoot pikin seven times for head or three times for im back? How stray bullet take dey hit pikin?" Pastor Engel ask. On im phone, e call community leaders and gang kingpins, wey dey constantly try to reduce di violence. Wen BBC Africa Eye visit am, e bin dey try broker one ceasefire between two warring gangs - and e bin manage to reach di jailed leader of one of dem. "If I want something to happun then e go happun. You understand pastor?" di gang boss tok for phone. "But I fit tell you one thing. I be pesin wey like to fight back if I come under fire." Threats. Even from behind bars. But Pastor Engel no dey give up. E dey highly visible for im community, weda for di house of a parishioner or bifor im large and loud congregation for di pulpit on a Sunday. "I think wetin make am dey very, very terrible now now na say more children dey involved for di gangs, bicos di gangs dey recruit between diages of eight and 15 years old," e tok. Di programme e dey run bin dey receive government money, but di funds no dey again. To cut off di supply lines and protect di innocent, e go meet victims and perpetrators anywhere and at any time. E dey also send rehabilitated gang members to negotiate directly wit warring factions. Those wey dey live on di edge of death know how important e dey to push for peace instead. Glenn Hans na one such person. E dey meet wit rival gangs to convince dem to honour a ceasefire. "I bin also dey dis game. As long as you make decision say you wan be better pesin. Dat's all," e tell one group of gang members. One of dem get chilling response: "Di more we kill, di more ground we seize and di more ground we get, di more we fit build. So, for me to speak about peace - I no fit make dat kain decision bicos no be my decision to ensure peace." Di ceasefire wey dem eventually agree on bin last just for few days, shattered by di killing of two pipo for one drive-by shooting. But some pipo wey don dey deep inside di conflict don get enough. Fernando - or Nando - Johnston dey part of one gang called di Mongrels, and e dey try find way out wit di help of Pastor Engel. Di pastor describe Mr Johnston as young pesin dem "born into di gang" since im whole family dey involved. "For dis game na only two options dey – na either you go jail or you die, " Oga Johnston tok. "I really wan change direction and I believe say way out always dey. Dat na di reason I approach di pastor - to ask am if plan or way dey to take me." E go join one six- to 12-week programme of rehabilitation wey di pastor dey run and wey charitable donations dey fund wey dey designed to get pipo off drugs and into work. "Di thing na you fit now start to dey build yourself up again," Pastor Engel tell am. "You go fit get job and make money for yourself. Then you no go need hustle and scavenge around here anymore." "I ready to go, pastor," Johnston tok as e ready to leave im battered and scarred community in search of a new path. Pipo wey close to am don gada to wish am well. Im mother, Angeline April, hold back her tears, desperate say, dis time, her son go choose life. "Please just make di best of dis opportunity, Nando," she tok. "Yes mummy, I always make di best of a situation." "Fernando papa na gangster but my oda children papa na gentleman," Mr Johnston mama tok. "But bicos e be gangster, di children also chook body for gangsterism despite say I constantly dey warn dem. E no easy to raise four boys on my own, you know. I always dey encourage am to change, bicos I love am well-well." And so far so good for Mr Johnston. Two weeks afta e start di programme, e still dey there. "Nando dey stabilize. E dey for works programme. E dey see im family, e dey see im children. We allow am go house and e come back and we test am and no find drugs for im system," Pastor Engel tok. Hope na rare commodity for here, but sometimes e dey spring through di cracks for di streets wey don see so much trauma. No be all streets, though. Very little hope dey found at Devon Africa and Undean Koopman house, wey siddon for di middle of battlefield. Di cycle of killings and retaliation wey don hit di area wey dey di edges of dis beautiful South African city dey overwhelming for many of those wey just dey struggle to survive. And those caught in the middle often gatz make impossible choices. "Community members, even if dem dey opposed to di gangs, are not necessarily pro-police for two reasons," Mr Newham tok. "One na say dem no know if police go come if dem call dem. And if dem call di police, dem no know if di police officers dey corrupt. Pipo no understand di scale of di challenge for South Africa." Sentiments reflected by di peacemakers on di frontlines for dis war. "Nobody go come from anywhere to help or save us. Not from overseas. Not from our local government. Nobody go come wit magic wand to cure di Cape Flats," Pastor Engel tok. "As individuals we gatz dey determined to build up resilience, create hope for our pipo and grow. Bicos politics clearly don fail us."
BBC News
23-06-2025
- Politics
- BBC News
South Africa's gang warfare: The victims caught in the crossfire in Cape Town
The distraught father lies on the narrow, single bed and points to two small bullet holes in the wall of his is stark evidence of a moment that shattered his family's life Africa's four-year-old son Davin was shot dead in February, caught in the crossfire of a shoot-out between criminals. He was a victim of the gang warfare that has plagued the Cape Flats, the townships around Cape Town - a legacy of apartheid, when the non-white population was forcibly moved from the centre of the wealthy city to the under-resourced outskirts."This is the bullet hole here," he says. "This is where he slept."The family had already endured unspeakable older sister, Kelly Amber, was killed two years earlier, also shot as rivals fired at each other. She was Devon and his wife, Undean, have only their youngest daughter left."She asks me: 'Where's my brother?'" says Undean. "So I told her he's with Jesus in daddy's heart and in my heart." These murders took place in an area known as Wesbank, but many other families across the wider Cape Flats area have had to endure similar nightmares, despite assurances by the police of increased numbers tell a horrifying story. The Western Cape province - in which the Cape Flats sit - consistently sees the overwhelming majority of gang-related murders in South Africa, according to the this is a policing priority for the government. President Cyril Ramaphosa set up a special unit to combat gang violence in 2018, he also briefly deployed the army to the area the following year, but the problem has persisted, and the killings have continued."There's a whole history and generations of people who have been born into these gangs," says Gareth Newham, head of the Justice and Violence Prevention programme at the Institute for Security Studies in Johannesburg."[They] flourish in areas that have largely been neglected or underdeveloped by the state. The gangs provide a form of social structure that actually provides services to the communities that the state doesn't. They provide food for homes. Money for electricity. Money for transport or funerals. These gangs even pay school fees."They are embedded in the community and "that's why it's so difficult for the police to tackle them… it means that they can use non-gang members' houses to store drugs and store weapons". But there are people trying to tackle the kilometres (nine miles) away from Wesbank is Hanover Park where Pastor Craven Engel is glued to his mobile phone almost all day, every day in his quest for mission is to mediate in gang conflicts to stop this violence and the killings, fuelled by the lucrative trade in drugs. He and his team try to follow a basic formula: detection, interruption and changing mindsets."Hanover Park doesn't really have an economy to speak of," says Pastor Engel. "The bulk of the economy comes out of the drug culture. That's the biggest economy."Pastor Engel says that apartheid's impact on the area can't be overlooked but neither can generational trauma - manifested as drug addiction and then family breakdown."The substance [drug] creates unemployment, the substance creates robbery, it creates gang fights because of turfs. So, the substance sits in the middle of so many of the atrocities within the community," says Pastor Engel, who estimates that around 70% of local children are living with some kind of community of around 50,000 people has to endure shootings and stabbings almost daily. And it's often young people who are doing the killing and being killed. "The policing approach alone is unlikely to solve the problem because you might arrest people for being gang members, for having guns and for shootings and murders. They will go to prison, but then they get replaced by younger members. And that creates a whole different set of problems. They're more likely to get into fights over territory and turf," says Mr Newham."How does a kid get shot seven times in his head or three times in his back? How does a stray bullet hit a kid?" asks Pastor Town safety fears force parents to seek former white-only schoolsOn his phone, he calls up community leaders and gang kingpins, constantly cajoling to try and head off the violence. When BBC Africa Eye visits him he is trying to broker a ceasefire between two warring gangs - and manages to reach the jailed leader of one of them."If I want something to happen then it still happens. Do you understand pastor?" the gang boss shouts down the line. "But I can tell you one thing. I'm a guy that likes to counter if I come under fire."Threats. Even from behind Pastor Engel is relentless. He is highly visible in his community, whether in the home of a parishioner or before his large and loud congregation in the pulpit on a Sunday."I think that what makes it very, very terrible now is there are more children involved in the gangs, because gangs are recruiting between the ages of eight and 15 years old," he programme he runs used to get government money, but that has dried up. To cut off the supply lines and protect the innocent, he will meet victims and perpetrators anywhere and at any also sends rehabilitated gang members to negotiate directly with warring factions. Those who lived a life on the edge of death know how critical it is to push for peace Hans is one such person. He is meeting rival gangs to convince them to honour a ceasefire. "I was also in this game. As long as you make a decision that you want to be a better person. That's all," he tells a group of gang has a chilling response: "The more we kill, the more ground we seize and the more ground we have, the more we can build. So, for me to speak about peace - I cannot make that decision because it's not my decision to ensure peace."The ceasefire that is eventually agreed lasts just a few days, shattered by the killing of two people in a drive-by some in the thick of the conflict have had enough. Fernando - or Nando - Johnston is in a gang called the Mongrels, and he wants to try and find a way out with the help of Pastor pastor describes Mr Johnston as being young and "born into the gang" since his whole family was involved."In this game there are only two options - it is either you go to jail or you die, " says Mr Johnston."I really do want to change direction and I believe there is always a way. That is the reason I approached the pastor - to ask him if there is a plan or way to take me."He will join a six- to 12-week programme of rehabilitation run by the pastor and funded by charitable donations designed to get people off drugs and into work."The thing is you can now start building yourself up again," Pastor Engel tells him. "You'll be able to get yourself a job and make money for yourself. Then you won't have to hustle and scavenge around here any more.""I'm ready to go, pastor," says Mr Johnston, poised to leave his battered and scarred community in search of a new closest to him have gathered to wish him well. His mother, Angeline April, holds back the tears, desperate that, this time, her son will choose life. "Please just make the best of this opportunity, Nando," she says."Yes mummy, I always make the best of a situation."But that has never been easy."Fernando's dad was a gangster but my other children's father was a gentleman," says Mr Johnston's mother."But because he was a gangster, the children also got involved in gangsterism despite me constantly warning them. It wasn't easy raising four boys on my own, you know. I'm always encouraging him to make a change, because I love him very much."And so far so good for Mr Johnston. Two weeks on from starting the programme, he is still there."Nando is stabilising. He's in a works programme. He's busy seeing his family, seeing his kids. He did a house visit yesterday. We let him loose and he came back and tested clear with no drugs in his system," says Pastor Engel. Hope is a rare commodity here, but it does sometimes spring through the cracks in the streets that have seen so much all streets, though. Very little hope is found at Devon Africa and Undean Koopman's house, which sits in the middle of a cycle of killings and retaliation that hit the areas being fought over on the very edges of this beautiful South African city is overwhelming for many of those just struggling to those caught in the middle often have to make impossible choices."Community members, even if they are opposed to the gangs, are not necessarily pro-police for two reasons," says Mr Newham."One is that they just don't know the police will actually come if called. And if they do call the police, they have no idea if the police officers are corrupt. People don't understand the scale of the challenge in South Africa."Sentiments reflected by the peacemakers on the frontlines in this war. "Nobody is going to come from anywhere to help or save us. Not from overseas. Not from our local government. No-one is going to come with a magic wand to cure the Cape Flats," says Pastor Engel."As individuals we need to be so determined to build up resilience, create hope for our people and to grow. Because politics has clearly failed us." More from BBC Africa Eye: 'Nowhere is safe' - Cameroonians trapped between separatists and soldiersBBC identifies security forces who shot Kenya anti-tax protestersSudan's years of war - BBC smuggles in phones to reveal hunger and fearSecret filming reveals brazen tactics of UK immigration scammers'Terrible things happened' - inside TB Joshua's church of horrors Go to for more news from the African us on Twitter @BBCAfrica, on Facebook at BBC Africa or on Instagram at bbcafrica
