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Jerald McNair: Does students' use of AI spell the end for homework?

Jerald McNair: Does students' use of AI spell the end for homework?

Chicago Tribune3 days ago
When a student turns in a writing assignment done at home and it's clear parts of the finished piece don't represent the kind of work the student usually does in the classroom, should the teacher grade it anyway?
This is the dilemma educators face now as our youngest generations grow up in a world of artificial intelligence. Students look to get credit for work done by a digital tool. It's modern-day cheating. There used to be a time when educators would tell parents not to do their child's homework because it didn't benefit them in the long run. Those conversations could get contentious. I would often suggest to teachers to ask their students if they did the work or their parents. Children often would tell the truth.
Unfortunately, it's more complex now. Parents aren't often doing the work, but for some students, a computer is. The question remains: Should homework become a thing of the past? With youths having access to AI, how do we know if students are doing the homework themselves?
There are compelling arguments for and against homework. The website Helpful Professor notes that homework is time-consuming and stressful, contributes to anxiety, and is inequitable because some students don't have caregivers who can help. On the other hand, it teaches discipline, helps students manage their time better and gives students self-paced learning time.
In my experience as a school leader, very few topics inspire such positive and negative comments from teachers as homework. What can help guide decisions is understanding the community and the students being served. Education in the United States is a state matter and allows for local control. A one-size-fits-all approach is not advantageous and does not take into account the differing resources and circumstances among communities.
I am a big proponent of homework. That does not mean that it is best for every student. Each district should discuss what is best for the students and families they serve. However, before we use AI as a reason to forgo homework, what does the data say? More than 50% of 1,274 young people ages 14 to 22 reported using generative AI at some point in their lives, according to a 2023 survey from NORC at the University of Chicago and other research groups. Broken down further, 12% and 11% report using it once or twice per month or once or twice per week, respectively.
This data tells us that AI is not being used as often as we think — at least not yet.
In a study conducted by Pew Research Center in 2023, a quarter of the teachers said the use of AI tools in education does more harm than good. Almost a third said there is some benefit — as well as some cause for concern.
Before use among students increases dramatically, educators and institutions of learning have an opportunity and an obligation to talk about the ethical responsibilities that students and parents have when using AI. The key is using AI in a way that does not stymie a student's creativity or replace the work they are supposed to do on their own.
Teaching and expecting ethical responsibility from our youths should be a requirement at all educational institutions. As we teach these principles, hopefully, future generations will take these lessons to the labor force when they are older.
When the new school year begins, districts will have to decide their stance on homework. Whatever it may be, we cannot absolve young people of their responsibilities. Teach them to do the right thing.
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After centuries of isolation, ultra-Orthodox Jews engage with the world more than ever
After centuries of isolation, ultra-Orthodox Jews engage with the world more than ever

Los Angeles Times

time2 days ago

  • Los Angeles Times

After centuries of isolation, ultra-Orthodox Jews engage with the world more than ever

NEW YORK — Frieda Vizel left an ultra-Orthodox Jewish sect in New York in a crisis of faith at 25. But instead of cutting ties, she became a successful online personality and guide to the tight-knit world she had been raised in. She gives sold-out tours of Williamsburg, Brooklyn — home base of the Satmar dynasty — and runs a popular YouTube channel focused on the subculture engaging more with the outside world after centuries of separation. In mid-June, Vizel took a group of Jewish, Christian and Muslim tourists to see synagogues and schools, and visit kosher delis and shops. Instead of Barbie dolls, there were little ultra-Orthodox Jewish figurines. The rabbinically approved products included cellphones without screens, and DVDs and MP3 players preloaded with approved music and films, so no internet connection is needed. Yet ultra-Orthodox men on the street offered friendly greetings and praise for Vizel's recent postings even though rabbis advise them to avoid the internet unless needed for business, family or other essential needs. 'It's an interesting moment,' Vizel said. 'They're saying, 'What is the whole world saying about us?'' Williamsburg and a handful of other locations worldwide — from Monsey, New York, to Stamford Hill, London to Bnei Brak, Israel — host the strictest followers of Orthodox Judaism. In a minority religion it's a minority set apart by its dedication above all else to the Torah and its 613 commandments, from No. 1 — worshipping God — to less-followed measures like No. 568 — not cursing a head of state. One in seven Jews worldwide are strictly Orthodox, or Haredi. It's a population of roughly 2 million out of 15 million Jews, according to Daniel Staetsky, a demographer with the London-based Institute for Jewish Policy Research. In a 2022 report, he projects that the strictly Orthodox population could double in size in 15 years. Another study projects that a third of American Jews will be Orthodox by 2063. Many in the community marry young and have large families. 'You're getting three generations of ultra-Orthodox for every two generations of Reform Jews in the U.S.,' said Alan Cooperman, director of religion research at the Pew Research Center. 'They are becoming the face of Judaism,' Vizel said. It's happening while many Reform Jews in the U.S. are becoming less religious and intermarrying. That means that Jewish Americans as a whole are becoming either Orthodox or more secular, Cooperman said. 'There has been a major change, I think, that has taken place over the last generation or two and that is the polarization of American Jewry, much as we've seen the vast polarization of America as a whole,' said Jonathan Sarna, a professor of American Jewish history at Brandeis University. Among American Jews aged 18 to 29, 17% are Orthodox — a bigger share than in older generations, Pew found. And as a growing number of American Jews are Orthodox, a greater percent is Republican. Still, the majority of American Jews remain Democrats. The Pew Research Center found in 2020 that 75% of Orthodox Jews voted or leaned Republican. Walking out of Gottlieb's Restaurant with his salami sandwich, Samuel Sabel — a grocery store worker and journalist — said that 'a lot of the policies Republicans have go together with our beliefs,' citing school choice, and opposition to abortion and same-sex marriage as examples. Orthodox political activism is 'at the highest point it's ever been,' said Rabbi Avi Shafran, the retired director of public affairs at the Orthodox group Agudath Israel. 'No question about that.' 'There is time and money and ability and savvy and education that allows for a much more, aggressive, much more positive and active effort on political things,' he said. But while cultural issues are important, 'when push comes to shove, we'll vote our interests, our immediate interests, not the larger issues that are always on the table,' Shafran said. 'We are practical,' he said. 'Put it that way.' Vizel guided her group past 'Get out the vote' signs in Yiddish, along with a campaign letter from Donald Trump in the window of Gottlieb's deli. In New York City's Democratic primary for the mayoral election, former Gov. Andrew Cuomo intensely courted Orthodox communities, counting at least 36 sects and yeshivas — religious schools — among his supporters. But Cuomo suffered a stunning upset at the hands of Zohran Mamdani in a demonstration of grassroots organizing over bloc voting. In Florida, Orthodox Jews backed Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis before he signed a expansion of taxpayer-funded vouchers for private schools, a movement that has galvanized religious groups across denominations. But the election this month for the World Zionist Congress — an international body predating Israel that controls more than 1,500 square miles (3885 square kilometers) of land there, along with about $1 billion a year from land sales — showed dominance by the Reform bloc despite intense campaigning by Orthodox parties and strong results ahead of coalition building. The 2020 Pew study found that Reform Jews are 37% of the American Jewish populace, followed by Jews that claim no particular branch — 32% —and then Conservatives at 17% . The Orthodox make up 9%. The president of the Union for Reform Judaism, the largest Jewish group in North America, said 'it's a mistake to assume unaffiliated Jews don't care about being Jewish — many do, and Reform Judaism often reflects their spiritual and moral values. 'Reform Jews continue to hold overwhelmingly liberal worldviews and political values,' Rabbi Rick Jacobs wrote. 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Jerald McNair: Does students' use of AI spell the end for homework?
Jerald McNair: Does students' use of AI spell the end for homework?

Chicago Tribune

time3 days ago

  • Chicago Tribune

Jerald McNair: Does students' use of AI spell the end for homework?

When a student turns in a writing assignment done at home and it's clear parts of the finished piece don't represent the kind of work the student usually does in the classroom, should the teacher grade it anyway? This is the dilemma educators face now as our youngest generations grow up in a world of artificial intelligence. Students look to get credit for work done by a digital tool. It's modern-day cheating. There used to be a time when educators would tell parents not to do their child's homework because it didn't benefit them in the long run. Those conversations could get contentious. I would often suggest to teachers to ask their students if they did the work or their parents. Children often would tell the truth. Unfortunately, it's more complex now. Parents aren't often doing the work, but for some students, a computer is. The question remains: Should homework become a thing of the past? With youths having access to AI, how do we know if students are doing the homework themselves? There are compelling arguments for and against homework. The website Helpful Professor notes that homework is time-consuming and stressful, contributes to anxiety, and is inequitable because some students don't have caregivers who can help. On the other hand, it teaches discipline, helps students manage their time better and gives students self-paced learning time. In my experience as a school leader, very few topics inspire such positive and negative comments from teachers as homework. What can help guide decisions is understanding the community and the students being served. Education in the United States is a state matter and allows for local control. A one-size-fits-all approach is not advantageous and does not take into account the differing resources and circumstances among communities. I am a big proponent of homework. That does not mean that it is best for every student. Each district should discuss what is best for the students and families they serve. However, before we use AI as a reason to forgo homework, what does the data say? More than 50% of 1,274 young people ages 14 to 22 reported using generative AI at some point in their lives, according to a 2023 survey from NORC at the University of Chicago and other research groups. Broken down further, 12% and 11% report using it once or twice per month or once or twice per week, respectively. This data tells us that AI is not being used as often as we think — at least not yet. In a study conducted by Pew Research Center in 2023, a quarter of the teachers said the use of AI tools in education does more harm than good. Almost a third said there is some benefit — as well as some cause for concern. Before use among students increases dramatically, educators and institutions of learning have an opportunity and an obligation to talk about the ethical responsibilities that students and parents have when using AI. The key is using AI in a way that does not stymie a student's creativity or replace the work they are supposed to do on their own. Teaching and expecting ethical responsibility from our youths should be a requirement at all educational institutions. As we teach these principles, hopefully, future generations will take these lessons to the labor force when they are older. When the new school year begins, districts will have to decide their stance on homework. Whatever it may be, we cannot absolve young people of their responsibilities. Teach them to do the right thing.

Christians Among Most Likely to Ditch Their Religion
Christians Among Most Likely to Ditch Their Religion

Miami Herald

time3 days ago

  • Miami Herald

Christians Among Most Likely to Ditch Their Religion

Christians, the world's largest religious group, have one of the lowest global retention rates among major religions, a new report has found. A Pew Research Center report published last Thursday found that fewer Christians hold on to their religion than Muslims and Hindus. The findings carry significant implications for the future of religious demographics and global culture. Christianity, while still a majority among world religions, is losing members at a faster rate than nearly every other major tradition. The phenomenon of religious "switching"-adults changing their religious identity from that of their upbringing-has the potential to reshape communities and influence political and social identities worldwide. Notably, most switching is not to another faith, but to religious disaffiliation. These shifts are most pronounced in high-income, developed countries, raising questions about future patterns of belief and practice in both global and U.S. contexts. Some 83 percent of adults raised Christian are still Christian, according to the analysis, based on surveys from 117 countries and territories covering 92 percent of the 2010 global population. This trails both Muslims and Hindus, who each retain 99 percent of their adherents from childhood. Only Buddhists recorded a lower retention rate than Christians, at 78 percent worldwide. Overall, the analysis shows around 10 percent of adults under 55 have switched from their childhood religion, often becoming religiously unaffiliated. Disaffiliation Drives the Trend Most people who switch religions do not join another tradition; they leave religion altogether. Christians and Buddhists are the likeliest to disaffiliate, with 19 percent of those raised Buddhist and 17 percent of those raised Christian reporting no current religious affiliation. As a result, the category of the religiously unaffiliated-people who are atheist, agnostic, or "nothing in particular"-registered a net gain of nearly 17 people per 100 raised outside of any religion. Geography Matters: Switching By Country Development Religious switching is more common in countries with high Human Development Index (HDI) scores. In places with an HDI of 0.8 or higher, a median of 18 percent of adults under 55 have switched religious identity, compared to just 3 percent in countries with low HDI (below 0.55). Laws prohibiting religious switching in certain countries, such as Algeria, Brunei, Egypt, and Malaysia, correspond with very low reported rates of switching. The U.S. Context American trends reflect the global pattern. National surveys have shown continued Christian disaffiliation in recent years, although the pace of decline in the U.S. may be stabilizing. Pew reported that only 46 percent of Americans born after 1990 still identify as Christian. Younger adults are much more likely to claim no religion compared to seniors. Earlier this year, Newsweek reported on which states are seeing religion disappear the most. Demographic and Political Implications The shifting religious landscape impacts not just spiritual life, but also political and cultural identities worldwide. In the U.S., for instance, religious "nones" are increasing, while Christian affiliation remains higher among older and more conservative demographics. Pew's research indicates that changing belief systems among younger generations will continue to shape debates over public policy, social norms, and family structure. Pew Research Center research associate Yunping Tong said in the report: "The decline is largely due to people shedding their religious identity after having been raised in a religion." Study co-author Gregory Smith: "It's striking to have observed this recent period of stability in American religion after that long period of decline." Demographers and religious scholars will continue to monitor how generational change and cultural transformation influence religious identity. While the immediate future shows a stabilization in the rate of religious switching in some Western countries, long-term projections remain uncertain. Related Articles We're Faith Leaders Calling for Conscience in the U.S. Senate | OpinionMap Shows States Where People Most Opposed to Christian Prayer in SchoolsReclaiming Religious Freedom-A Liberal Responsibility | OpinionOver 10K Sign Christian Petition Rebuking 'Immoral and Cruel' Trump Budget 2025 NEWSWEEK DIGITAL LLC.

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